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HARLESTON. 



West Virginia. 



NGLE COPY $1 



CLUB RATE 50 CTS. 









1 



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THE CENTURY CHRONICLE, 

DEVOTED TO 

THE CAPITAL CITY, 

ITS HISTORY, RESOURCES AND NATURAL ADVANTAGES. 
Compiled Under the Auspices 

OF THE 

Charleston Chamber of Commerce, 

ii 

Charleston, West Virginia. 

1901. 



Don't fail to read the "Summary" and marked pages. 






./ 



*V 




West Virginia Capital Building. 




East from Carr's Lookout, S. Charleston 



Charleston Century Chronicle. 



Ex-Governor G. W. Atkinson published 
a carefully compiled history of Kanawha 
county in 1876; the now venerable Dr. J. 
P. Hale, for sixty years a resident of 
Charleston, published a volume entitled 
the "Trans-Allegneny Pioneers" in 1886, 
and a recompilation of this, with addi- 
tions, in 1891, entitled "History of the 
Great Kanawha Valley;" together with 
an illustrated volume on "Charleston and 
Its Resources," by J. C. Tipton, in 1898. 
From these, as well as the files of Char- 
leston's newspapers, the City Directory, 
by R. L. Polk & Co., the official records 
of the state, county, municipality or 
other public institutions, our compiler 
will freely copy or condense without fur- 
ther credit, and to the above gentlemen, 
as well as to any others who have aided 
in this undertaking, our sincere thanks 
are hereby extended. 

Charleston Settled. 

This place was permanently settled 
May 1, 1788, by George Clendennin and 
others, and in 1794 Charleston was in- 
corporated by the Virginia Legislature. 
We have just entered the twentieth cen- 
tury, and for all practical purposes this 
town was commenced with the nine- 
teenth, as 100 years ago there were not 
above a dozen houses here, and the Cham- 
ber of Commerce have thought this to be 
ain opportune time to sum up the work of 
the past one hundred years, record his- 
torical data, in a convenient form for 
preservation and give a comprehensive 
sketch of the advantages and surround- 



ings of this city, void of the usual exces- 
sive personal effusions which so often 
characterize sketch editions. The Adver- 
tising Committee of the Chamber of Com- 
merce has been chosen to supervise the 
subject matter of this pamphlet, and 
while as a whole the book is designed to 
show for the Charleston's superior advan- 
tages as a commercial and industrial cen- 
ter, this is a plain matter-of-fact descrip- 
tion and is not in any sense a boom edi- 
tion. More than an hundred photograv- 
eurs are given to prove our solid archi- 
tectural advancement and to show forth 
some of the beauties of nature in this 
vicinity. The committee has confidence 
that the unvarnished facts, combined with 
its own natural advantages, are sufficient 
to secure the continued growth and pros- 
perity of Charleston, especially as its 
material interests are now largely in the 
hands of astute, pushing men. Up to 
1870 Charleston may properly have been 
termed a slow town, for at that time it 
had but 3,162 inhabitants; but its bound- 
less surroundings of biack-diamonds, oil 
and gas in close proximity, timber in 
abundance, rich valleys for agriculture 
and hill lands for grazing, excellent trans- 
portation facilities by river and rail, are 
the foundations required to bring diversi- 
fied manufacturing and are sufficient rea- 
sons why the place has quadrupled within 
the past thirty years. These reasons will 
continue to assist in rearing the fine 
superstructure of an industrial center so 
long as guided by the liberal and yet 
withal conservative spirit which now 
dominates her principal interests. 



— 3 — 



The Chamber of Commerce. 

No place can afford to depend long 
upon natural advantages alone, for the 
most favored location without the spirit 
of push and enterprise, will surely lose 
its percentage of growth, while an in- 
ferior place, with decided business energy, 
may soon lead its more favored rival in 
the race. Charleston's progressive busi- 
ness men took the proper action last Oc- 
tober, by the incorporation of the Cham- 
ber of Commerce, which is officered as 
follows: Charles Capita, President; 
Charles K. Payne, Vice-President; Charles 
Loeb, Secretary; J. L. Dickinson, Treas- 
urer; W. S. Lewis, F. N. Staunton, R. G. 
Hubbard, E. A. Barnes and Philip Frank- 
enberger, with the above officers, as direc- 
tors. President Capito is proprietor of a 
wholesale house and a director in the 
Kanawha National Bank; Vice-President 
Payne Is senior member of the Payne 
Shoe Company, the largest of its kind in 
the State outside of Wheeling; Secretary 
Loeb, manager of itlhe Loeb Shoe Com- 
pany, served for several years in the City 
Council, and Treasurer Dickinson is the 
cashier of the Kanawha Valley Bank, 
the oldest financial institution in Charles- 
ton. Directors Barnes and Frankenberger 
are directors in the Charleston National 
Bank, while among the membership are 
officers of the Citizens' National Bank ana 
numerous other proprietors of business 
and industrial concerns. We condense 
the following facts regarding the city 
and Chamber of Commerce from the Man- 
ufacturers' Record, published at Balti- 
more, January 10th, 1901: 

"Among the cities of the Middle South 
which are now moving rapidly to the 
front in the industrial and commercial 
worlds, none is more conspicuous than 
Charleston, W. Va., the capital of the 
Mountain State. Nor is the rise of this 
city in the nature of a boom. It is solid, 
steady, substantial, the culminating at- 
tainment of a century of industry and 



perseverance. It is now 113 years since 
George Clendennin, the founder of Char- 
leston, and his associates purchased a 
tract of land, most of which is within the 
present city limits, and laid out forty 
lots. The next year, 1789, the village was 
made the capital of the county of Kana- 
wha, and in 1794, by an act of the Legis- 
lature of Virginia, it was incorporated as 
Charlestown. Later the w was dropped. 
The growth of the village was slow, 
though it gradually became moire and 
more important as a trading center. But 
as soon as the completion of the Chesa- 
peake and Ohio railroad opened up the 
Kanawha mining belt the rise of Charles- 
ton was assured. According to the re- 
turns of the last census, its population is 
11,099. As the most important place in 
Kanawha county, it is realy the center of 
a population of over 54,696 in one county 
alone, while a dozen adjacent counties 
look to it as a distributing and business 
center. Charleston is situated on the 
north bank of the Great Kanawha river, 
at its confluence with the Elk. The latter 
stream waters fifty miles of the richest 
timber lands in the United States. Its 
hygienic and climatic conditions are most 
admirable. Like most cities, Charleston 
suffered from the financial and industrial 
panics of 1893 and in years succeeding in 
proportion to her previous prosperity. But 
the clouds that had darkened the finan- 
cial skies have broken, and the sun of 
prosperity is shining with its old-time 
brilliancy." 

C. C. C. Incorporated. 

The following extract rrom the appli- 
cation for a charter indicates the purposes 
of the Chamber of Commerce: "The un- 
dersigned agree to become a corporation 
by the name of the Charleston Chamber 
of Commerce for the purpose of the col- 
lection and preservation of statistical in- 
formation connected with the commerciil 
and manufacturing interests of the city 
of Charleston; promoting just and equita- 



4 



ble principles in trade, establishing uni- 
formity in the commercial usages of said 
city; settling differences speedily and 
without litigation, and promoting the gen- 
eral progress and prosperity of the com- 
munity, and for that purpose desire au- 
thority to purchase, hold, lease, sell and 
convey real property to the value of two 
thousand five hundred dollars. 

"Conditions point to the continued pre- 
eminence of Charleston, the capital, 
among the live and beautiful cities of 
West Virginia, and every step taken in 
its progress is interesting, in view of the 
splendid prospects that lie before it. In 
1900 some of the business concerns in 
Charleston did 100 per cent, more busi- 
ness than in the year before, many show- 
ing a gain of 75 per cent, and very few 
less than 25 per cent. Some further refer- 
ence to the natural advantages of Charles- 
ton will be of interest. On all sides of 
the city are scattered collieries from 
which are sent forth some of the finest 
coals mined in the United States. Two 
railroads, the Chesapeake and Ohio and 



the Kanawha and Michigan, afford for it 
an outlet, while the Great Kanawha river, 
with its wonderful system of locks and 
dams, affords an additional and cheap 
outlet now available all the year round. 
The timber wealth of the Elk valley has 
already been alluded to. There are simi- 
lar stretches on Coal river, which is only 
a few miles from Charleston, and along 
other streams in the vicinity. More than 
this, Charleston is the center of a natural 
gas field which is just opening up, and 
which offers great attractions to manu- 
facturing industries seeking new loca- 
tions. There are evidences, too, of oil, 
and many oil men are of the opinion that 
Charleston lies in the great oil belt that 
is now opening up in this State. In addi- 
tion to the two railroads alluded to, there 
is a third, the Charleston, Clendennin 
and Sutton, which, when completed, at 
no distant date, will bring Charleston 
into close communication with Pittsburg 
and make it the business center of all 
portions of West Virginia south of the 
Little Kanawha river." 




Along the Kanawha — South*Side. 



Design of this Chronicle. 

The design of the board in promoting 
this issue is to present in a concise and 
reliable manner all of the material fea- 
tures of progress and prospect, with a 
brief mention of the principal persons 
and firms who are active workers, that 
the special advantages of Charleston ooaay 
be made known to the world. Much time 
and labor has been spent in the endeavor 
to make this small volume a true chroni- 
cle of facts and figures. A perusal of 
these pages and a glance at the illustra- 
tions will give to even the casual reader 
some idea of the commercial and indus- 
trial interests now in operation, the beau- 
tiful homes and picturesque surrounding 
scenery, the transportation facilities and 
the probabilities of still greater develop- 
ments, some of which are now projected 
and are almost certain to materialize in 
the near future. That this edition may 
accomplish the good sought by the Cham- 
ber of Commerce, in advertising the Ka- 
nawha valley, the cordial co-operation of 
every business man is requested, so that 
a widespread distribution of our advan- 



tages may be made known; and it is be- 
lieved that every progressive firm will 
heartily assist in the good work of let- 
ting the light of the city and county 
shine abroad, to bring many additional 
permanent industries to this vicinity, and 
open up the immense up-river coal fields. 
In describing this section we shall con- 
sider it to embrace the counties of Kana- 
wha, Mason, Fayette and Putnam, ex- 
tending from the junction of New and 
Gauley rivers to the confluence of the 
Kanawha with the Ohio at Point Pleas- 
ant. This valley, quite narrow in its 
upper portion, gradually widens until it 
is more than two miles in width near the 
mouth of the Kanawha. Along its upper 
part it has many wild and grand hills and 
dells; but the soil is a rich alluvial ana 
well adapted to grazing and agricultural 
pursuits. 

A Pre**Historic Race. 

With the many things which we design 
to present in this volume we shall only 
have room for the more important facts 
and dates and shall omit all, excepting 
the very important points, where they 




Mouth of Elk— West Charleston in the Distance. 
— 6 _ 



are already preserved in convenient his-' 
tory. The Kanawha Valley is full of in- 
terest for the student of American his- 
tory, both present and remote. Long be- 
fore the Cherokee Indians, of whom we 
have record, .roamed through this section 
it is believed to have been inhabited by 
a superior people, of whom not even a 
tradition remains, whose only monuments 
are earthworks and tumuli, scattered here 
and there, in some places containing 
bones from men of gigantic size. Whe- 
ther these were distinct from the Indian 
race or not, we may never know, but it 
.is probable that they were a division of 
the half-civilized race from which the 
Mexican Aztecs descended. Relics from 
these "Mound Builders" were formerly 
abundant throughout this valley, but 
when and by what agency the people be- 
came extinct so far remains as deep a 
mystery as that of the lost island of 
"Atlantis." 

Cherokee Indians. 

When the Kanawha Valley first be- 
came known to the English it was tin 
hunting grounds of the Cherokees, a cribe 
equal in power to the Iroquois, who re- 
mained practically in undisputed posses- 
sion of this section till near the close of 
the eighteenth century. Governor Berk- 
ley, of Virginia, opened a trade with 
them, west of the Blue Ridge, in 1667 and 
something more was learned regarding 
the tribe from Daughtery, a trapper who 
remained with them for some months in 
1690. In 1693 a score of Cherokee chiefs 
visited the Ashley settlement in South 
Carolina to proffer friendship, but in con- 
sequence of white aggression the Indians 
became hostile early in the eighteenth 
century. A treaty was made with the 
Cherokees by South Carolina in 1721. 

The Eighteenth Century. 

Very little was known regarding the 
interior of America in the seventeenth 



century or before. To be sure the Spanish 
explorer, DeSoto, had crossed from Flor- 
ida to some place on the upper Mississippi 
1539-41, and the French Chevalier de La- 
Salle, from Canada to the mouth of the 
Ohio in 1669; but there were no settle- 
ments, worthy of mention, made by the 
English, excepting along the Atlantic 
ccast or tributary rivers, until about the 
time of the Revolutionary war. Colonel 
A. Wood, who discovered New river in 
1654, was perhaps the first Englishman 
to penetrate west of the Blue Ridge. 
Captain Batte crossed in 1666, but there 
was no attempt to colonize the country 
until the Draper-Ingles settlement at 
Drapers Meadows in 1748. In 1749 Cap- 
tain deCeleron and staff planted lead an 
plates at Franklin on the Allegany, and 
near the mouth of the principal streams 
that flow into the Ohio, claiming all the 
country watered by said streams for 
France, by virtue of Lasalle's discoveries. 
West Virginia was surveyed by Peter 
Fontaine in 1752, who, discovering these 
plates at the mouths of the Kanawha 
and the Muskingum, reported the same to 
Governor Dinwiddie, and he in '53 dis- 
patched George Washington to the com- 
mandant of Ft. LeBeouf, now Waterford, 
Erie county, Pa., demanding the immedi- 
ate vacation of all this country to the 
colonial rights of Virginia. Washington 
came, with John Davidson, Jacob Van- 
Brahm and Chris. Giest, to Mingoe, an 
Indian village on the Ohio, where he "fee- 
cured guides for the perilous northern 
journey, and proceeded to the fort, but 
his request was politely refused, and this 
led to the French-Indian war of 1753-4. 

A settlement was made at Ingles' Ferry 
in '54 and at several other places in that 
section. The massacre at Drapers Mead- 
ows occurred in '55; lead mines discovered 
on New river in '56; Indian raid at Ingles' 
Ferry. '60; Archibald Clendennln settled 
on Muddy Creek, Greenbrier county, '63; 
Matthew Arbuckle floated down the Ka- 



7 — 



nawha to Point Pleasant '64; Butler, Carr 
and others settled on the Clinch and Blue 
Stone '64. Colonel A. Donnally, Colonel 
John Stewart and Captain Jarrett each 
located forts and homes in Greenbrier 
county in '71-2. Kenton, Y eager and 
Strader located at Two Mile creek, on 
Elk, in 1771, hut two years later Yeager 
was killed by Indians and his compan- 
ions were driven away. Numerous set- 
tlers located lin the Kanawha valley in 
'74, but ihe Indians proving hostile, the 
army of General Lewis was marched 
through to Point Pleasant, arriving Sep- 
tember 30th, and on October 10th the 
memorable battle of that place was 
fought, in which 53 soldiers were killed 
and 87 wounded, while the Indian loss 
was much greater. Chiefs Cornstalk and 
Elinipsico, while on a mission of peace 
to Ft. Randolph, at Pt. Pleasant, were 
murdered '77; wagon road ordered from 
Kanawha Falls to Lexington, Ky., '87; 
George Clendennin built the first house 
on the site of Charleston in May, '88; 
the hostile Indians threatened the little 
settlement in '89, and Ann Pailey made 
a brave ride on horseback to secure am- 
munition and reinforcements. Leonard 
Porter and William Cooper settled on 
Elk, '90. 

The Nineteenth Century. 

1808 David and Tobias Ruffner bored 
the first salt well and commenced the 
manufacture of salt; '9 William Whitaker 
opened a salt well on tne south side of 
the Kanawha; '15, Captain James Wilson, 
while boring for salt, struck gas; '17, 
Ruffner's opened a coal bank; '19, steam- 
boat Robert Thompson came up to Red 
House shoals; '20, Legislature of Virginia 
passed the river improvement bill; '20, 
the Andrew Donally was first steamboat 
to reach Charleston; '38, the first bridge 
built at Ingles; '41, William Thompson 
struck natural gas and utilized it for 



boiling brine; '43, Dickinson & Shrews- 
berry struck gas on the Washington 
tract at Burning Springs; '41, macadam 
pike built from Buchanan, on James river, 
to the Tennessee line; '46, Sutton Math- 
ews found cannel coal on Falling Rock 
creek, of Elk; '55, Virginia and Tennes- 
see, now Norfolk and Western railroad, 
opened; '56, coal oil works erected at 
Oannelton, to distil petroleum from coal; 
'61, battle of Scary fought, July 17th; 
July 24th Confederate General Wise re- 
tired and Union General J. D. Cox came; 
September, battle of Cross Lanes and Car- 
nifax Ferry, on the Gauley, General Lytle 
wounded; '63, Confederates under Gen- 
eral Loring re-entered the Kanawha Val- 
ley, in September, the Federals under 
General Lightburn refining; October, Gen- 
eral Loring retired and General Cox re- 
took the valley; '63, June 20th, West Vir- 
ginia declared a State; '64, battle of 
Oloyd's Mountain, in Pulaski county, 
May 9th General A. G. Jenkins killed; 
'73, C. and O. railroad opened and perma- 
nent improvement 'Commenced on the 
Kanawha, the Quinnemont Co. erected an 
iron furnace and coke works on New 
river; '74, centennial observed at Point 
Pleasant; '78, first coke works built on 
the Kanawha; '83, New river branch of 
N. and W. opened to Pocahontas; '83-4, 
Colonel P. W. Norris made scientific ex- 
ploration of the mounds of this valley for 
Smithsonian Institute; '84, Bettie Black- 
band Iron Furnace and Davis Creek rail- 
road constructed; in March a mine ex- 
plosion at Pocahontas, in which over 100 
lives were lost, Ohio Central, now K. and 
M., was opened; '85, State capital relo- 
cated here and enlarged Capitol building 
occupied; '87, Ohio River railroad bridge 
built across the Kanawha at Point Pleas- 
ant; '90, steel bridge built across the 
Kanawha at Charleston. Other important 
events will be found under their respec- 
tive neadings. 



State of West Virginia. 

What is now this State in 1800 con- 
tained a population of 78,592; in '20, of 
136,808; '40, of 224,537; '60, of 376,688; '80, 
of 618,443, and in 1900 it recorded 958,800. 
When Virginia seceded from the Union, 
in 1861, the loyal sons of the western sec- 
tion called a convention at Wheeling, to 
consider the advisability of creating a 
new State and delegates were in attend- 
ance from 39 of the western counties, in 
June of that year. An election was or- 
dered to be held in October, when these 
counties voted to have the new State 
named Kanawha and a constitution was 
prepared, which was ratified by the people 
in May, 1862. At that time the loyal gov- 
ernment of Virginia was holding a ses- 
sion at Alexandria, while the seceders 
were quartered at Richmond. Upon the 
name being changed to West Virginia 
and certain other amendments made, the 
former consented to a separation and 
West Virginia became a State June 19th, 
1863. This young State sent quite a large 
force to the Confederate ranks and to the 
Union army 26,540 mea. In January, '66, 
the counties of Jefferson and Berkley, 



upon the Potomac, were added to the 
State, making 52, since whicn three have 
been created, now giving a total of 55. 
The progress of the State in education, 
commerce, railroads, moral and religious 
advancement has more than kept pace 
with its rapid increase in population, 
which shows the remarkable gain of 55 
per cent, for the past twenty years. 



Topography. 



West Virginia lies in the central part, 
of the eastern half of the United States, 
upon the western slope of the Appalach- 
ian range, comprising a part of the upper 
Ohio Valley. It is very irregular in 
shape, being principally bounded by 
mountains and rivers. It forms the divide 
between the Atlantic and the Gulf of 
Mexico, the northern portion draining 
via Potomac into the Chesapeake. It has 
an area of 23,000 square miles, consider- 
able of the State being fertile and all 
well watered and drained. The Blue Ridge 
is rugged, but interspersed with numerous 
narrow fertile valleys. Upon the western 
border of the mountains comes the 
"Hilly Region," in which more than 




View From South Charleston. 



twenty knobs rise above 2,200 feet in 
height. Panther Knob, in Pendleton 
county, rises 4,000 feet above the sea and 
the others to various distances below. 
The streams flow towards the Ohio and 
along most of these are gentle slopes 
which make excellent grazing and agri- 
cultural lands. The Ohio side of the State 
is drained by Fashing Creek, Middle Is- 
land Greek, Little Kanawha, Great Ka- 
nawha, Guyandotte, Big Sandy and Tug 
Fork. There are no lakes worthy of 
mention, but the canons and valleys, 
mountain peaks, rivers, streams and 
springs make pleasant and healthful at- 
tractions for tourists and health seekers. 

Geology, Ores, Etc. 

Eozoic rocks crop out on the eastern 
edge of the State followed by lower Silu- 
rian limestone and Hudson river shales, 
and these by Medina sandstone, which 
forms the summit rocks of the mountain 
region. Lower Hadderberg limestone, the 
Clinton and Onondaga groups follow. The 
Oreskany sandstones form some of the 
arches and natural bridges. Hanging 
Rocks, near Romney, is the crown of the 
western ridge of the mountains, while the 
Hamilton and Portage shales overlie the 
sandstone in the mountain slopes around 
Sulphur Springs. Next comes the Che- 
mung and Catskill soft sandsitones, the 
carboniferous and sub-carboniferous 
strata, covering all the western part of 
the State and making the diluvial or 
alluvial soil of the river bottoms. West 
Virginia covers a prominent part of the 
Appalachian coal measures, which com- 
prises all varieties of bituminous coal, in 
easily worked veins, a large share of the 
best mines being found along the Great 
Kanawha and its branches. 

In addition to the boundless supply of 
coal, the State has red and brown haema- 
tite ores, black manganiferous carbonates, 
red and brown oxides, Olyphant blue 
lump, &c. The salt veins of + ihe Kana- 



wha have an excellent reputation, furnish 
salt with great strength of penetration 
and free from sulphate of lime. Both the 
light and heavy grades of petroleum are 
extensively produced in the western part 
of the State and have been known from 
the early days of salt-boring, the Creel 
well having marketed above $20,000 of 
oil, through Bosworth, Wells & Co., of 
Marietta, O., (prior to Drake's discovery 
of petroleum in Pennsylvania. There is 
plenty of building and other grades of 
limestone, fire and potter's clay, glass- 
sand, ochre, barytes, manganese, salt 
peter and other minerals. Several noted 
sulphur springs are found in this vicin- 
ity and with the salubriousness of the 
climate, sanitariums or tourists' homes, 
properly conducted, would undoubtedly 
prove a success. 

The Salt Interest. 

The Kanawha Valley has gained a wiLde 
reputation throughout the United States 
from its early and important operations 
in salt. This led up to the development 
of coal, oil and gas, which have now 
largely superseded salt, but we chronicle 
the past of salt as a matter of hisiiory. 
The salt spring or lick, above Charleston, 
was known by the animals and Indians, 
perhaps hundreds of years ago, and in 
1755 Mrs. Mary Ingles and young Bettie 
Draper, who had been taken captives by 
the Shawnee Indians, after the massacre 
at Drapers Meadows, were halted by them 
at this place, -where water flrom the spring 
was boiled down to salt and some of the 
precious saline carried with them to the 
Seio Valley. Joseph Ruffner purchased 
502 acres around the spring in 1785 and 
ten years later moved from tue Shenan- 
doah Valley here. In 1797 he leased salt 
privileges to Elisha Brooks, who erected 
the first salt furnace here. This consisted 
of two' rows each of a dozen kettles, built 
in a flue, with chimney. The elder Ruff- 
ner died in 1803 and the work was con- 
tinued by his sons, David and Joseph, 



— 10 — 



Jr. In the early years ot 1800 salt was 
largely imported from .Liverpool or made 
at Onondaiga, N. Y., and then brought 
8 to 10 cents per pound here; but David 
Ruffner in 1808, after great difficulty, suc- 
ceeded in drilling through 40 feet of rock 
and at a depth of 58 feet from the sur- 
face, about 800 yards south of Campbell's 
creek, secured a good supply of bnine 
and brought the price of salt down one- 
half. His neighbors at once bored for 
salt, and this soon became a leading in- 
dustry of the Kanawha, the later wells 
having been .drilled from 500 to 1,000 feet 
in depth. By 1817 there were 30 furnaces, 
pioducing 700,000 bushels of salt annual- 
ly. The first well, with its 'bucket and 
sweep, soon gave way to circular horse- 
power, and this, in 1828, to the steam 
pump for lifting the bnine. The slips, or 
jars, as they are now generally called in 
the oil regions, used in deep boring, were 
invented by Billy Morris, of Charleston. 
In 1815 Captain Jas. Wilson bored for salt 
near the Clendennin block house and 
struck natural gas. 



Many of the early salt wells here con- 
tained petroleum, but its commercial 
value was then unrecognized and its flow 
into the river gave to the Kanawha the 
name of "Old Greasy." In 1841 William 
Tompkins at Burning Springs struck na- 
tural gas, which was used for fuel in 
evaporating brine. The furnaces here 
ranged in capacity from 25,000 bushels 
per annum to the magnitude of Joseph 
Friend & Son's, which produced 100,000 
bushels per year. In 1835 George H. Pat- 
rick, of Onondaiga, introduced the cast- 
iron evaporating pans, which, with a sys- 
tem of steam pipes and settling bins, are 
much the same as those in use to-day. 
The first shipments of salt from the Ka- 
nawha by flat-boat, commenced in 1808, 
increasing from year to year until it 
reached above a million bushels in '32; 
2,000,000 in '43; 3,000,000 in '46, at about 
which point it stood for nve years, when 
it began to decline, holding at from one 
to two million bushels till 1875, when on 
account of stronger brine at Pomeroy and 
Saginaw it could be made cheaper else- 




Looking West on N. S. Virginia Street, 
— 11 — 



where, and by 1890 the productiiion had 
declined to 150,000 'bushels, made by J. 
Q. Dickinson's furnace, which still holds 
the field and continues to do a good busi- 
ness. 

Coal Development. 

Small veins of coal for blacksmithing 
had been opened here at an early day, 
and in 1817, when the surrounding hills 
had been mostly denuded of timber for 
wood, David Ruffner opened a good coal 
vein, and others from time to time did 
likewise, but the industry was of small 
value until the advent of the C. & O. 
R. R., and permanent improvements upon 
the navigation of the Kanawha river, 
since which time it has continued to in- 
crease from year to year until it now 
largely supersedes all others. The Kana- 
wha coal is among the best bituminous 
found, and the shipments have become 
extensive. The celebrated Canmel coal is 
found at Cannelton and other points on 
the Kanawha and up Elk and Coal rivers, 
while splint coal is abundant at Fields, 
Paint, Armstrongs and other creeks in 
this vicinity, and a heavy vein of steam 
coal is found up Kanawha Two Mile 



Creek but a few miles from the city; in 
fact, Kanawha and surrounding counties 
are largely underlaid with coal of an ex- 
cellent variety. 

First for salt and then for coal came the 
needs for cheap freights and the conse- 
quent improvements on the Kanawha. 
The early movers from the East built rafts 
at Hughes or Kelley's creeks and floated 
their families and effects to their destina- 
tions. From the small flatboat first used 
in transporting salt to market, larger craft 
were made until barges left Charleston 
with above 20,000 bu. of salt on board. 

Regarding the coal industry we extract 
the following from Governor Atkinson's 
message to the 1 Legislature, January, 1901: 

"Until 1896 the state of Ohio out- 
ranked our state, but for the present year 
we have distanced the state of Ohio by 
five million tons, and at the rate at which 
coal mining is increasing in the Mountain 
State it will be but a few years until our 
tonnage will be second only to Pennsyl- 
vania. Twenty-nine thousand men are 
employed at the mines in this state and 
hundreds of millions of dollars are invest- 
ed in coal plants. The daily tonnage of 
coal handled by the railroads in this 




Coal Fleet in Charleston Pool, 
— 12 — 



state, mined within this state, will make 
a freight train twenty miles long, which 
requires 100 locomotives to haul to mar- 
ket, provided no heavy grades are en- 
countered. The growth of this great in- 
dustry has attracted the attention of the 
world. West v irginia coal is known far 



and wide. More than a million tons of 
our coal reacned the Chicago market du 
ing tne past year. It is used in Mexico. 
South America, Italy, Philippines and 
Africa. As an illustration of its rapid rise 
in the state, we show the rank and out- 
put, as follows: 



Table. 



Rank 1 89 0— Tons. 

Pennsylvania 315 174 089 

Illinois 12.104,272 

Ohio 9,976,787 

West Virginia 7,394,654 



Rank 1900— Tons. 

1 . Pennsylvania 75,000,000 

2. Illinois 24.000,000. 

3. West Virginia 22,000.000. 

4. Ohio 17,000,0(0. 



Rank 1880-Tons. 

1 . Pennsylvania 18,425.163 ; 

?.. Illinois 6,115,377; 

3. Ohio 6,008.595; 

4. Maryland 2.228.917; 

5. West Virginia 1,568,000; 

"West Virginia came from sixth place, and are now practically consummated, 
in 1870, to fifth in 1880; fourth in '90 and This assures the completion of a con- 
third place in '96, which it has since necting railroad between the Chesapeake 
safely held, and fell but 2,000,000 tons & Ohio and the Norfolk & Western. A 
short of second place in 1900. In 1870 the very practical line which has been sur- 
entire state production was but 608,878 veyed, and will probably be built in the 
tons, whereas one single mine produced a near future, is along the route of the 
greater amount last year, and the increase Charleston and Parkersburg turnpike, op- 
since 1896, when we gained third place, ening up a 9-foot vein of fine steam coal, 
is greater than the entire production was which has been traced from some distance 
in 1890." up the Elk to the Kanawha near Coal 

West Virginia coal and timber lands river. This route would require no tun- 
are rapidly going into the hands of capi- nels and but one bridge of importance, 
talists and the state is largely covered across Poca river, near Sissonsville. 
with leases or options. Early in the Along this line, five miles up Kanawha 
spring D. A. Nease, of New York, pur- Two Mile creek, a mine has been in oper- 
chased a tract of 6,500 acres for $150,000. ation for some time, and numerous other 
Projects for great coal combines have been fine fields could be easily tapped by it. 
actively progressing for some time past 




Suspension Bridge Across Elk. 
— 13 — 



The Kanawha River, 

In its grade of importance to this region 
doubtless the Great Kanawha stands first. 
It is a continuation of New river, which 
has its source between the Blue Ridge 
and the Smoky Range, in North Carolina, 
continuing to Kanawha Falls, two miles 
below its junction with the Gauley, from 
whence the stream is known as the Great 
Kanawha. The Urst boat to steam up this 
river was the Robert Thompson, in 1819, 
to Red House shoals. In December, '20, 
the Andrew Donnally arrived at Charles- 
ton. This led to the Virginia Legislature, 
1S21-2, endorsing the James and Kanawha 
river improvement companies, designed 10 
give a depth of three feet of water, the 
year round, to the Falls, 90 miles from 
the mouth of the Kanawha. The Eliza 
came to Charleston in '23; Fairy Queen, 
'24; Paul Pry, '26, which blew up in '28 
ac Guyandotte; 0. H. Perry, '30, name 
changed to Daniel Webster. Capt. An- 
drew Ruffner built the Tiskelwah, at the 
mouth of the Elk river, that being the 
Indian name for the Elk, in 1832, and 
Summers Bros, the Texas, in '37. The 
Osecola came in '38; Ark in '43; Triumph, 
'46; Blue Ridge, '46, which exploded her 
boilers two years later, killing several 
persons. In '51 Ruffner, Donnally & Co. 
bought the Salem at Pittsburg, and put 
her in the Kanawha river trade. 

ACTIVE WORK was commenced by the 
James River & Kanawha Company, and 
chutes, wing dams, etc., were built at 
Debby, Eighteen, Knob, Tackett, John- 
son's and elsewhere. The shipment of 
coal for commiercial purposes was fairly 
inaugurated in 1855, and increased so rap- 
idly that the improvement company de- 
cided to make new and larger chutes 
through the shoals, and steam divdging 
was begun in '60; but the war coming on 
it was abandoned until September, '63. 
when the new State took charge of the 
work. In 1872-3 the general government 
v/as induced to appropriate $25,000, and 



in '74 a like amount, which sums were 
used in deepening the channel, removing 
large stone, building rip-rap dams and 
dykes. March, 1875, $300,000 was appro- 
priated, and permanent improvement, by 
lock and dam, commenced. Lock No. 5 
was begun that year and Nos. 4 and 5 
completed in 1880. Congress took entire 
charge of the enterprise in '83 and abol- 
ished all tolls, since which the plan of im- 
proved navigation has been completed, 
giving two fixed dams and eight movable 
ones of the Chanoine type, a French sys- 
tem. These works have cost less than 
$4,000,000 and are found as follows: Lock 
No. 2 is 27 miles above Charleston, near 
Cannelton; lift, 12 ft; finished 1887. No. 
3, 21 miles above, near Paint creek; lift 
14 feet; finished '82. No. 4, 15 miles above, 
at Cabin creek; finished '80. No. 5, 9 miles 
above, at Marmet; formerly called 
Brownstown; finished '80. No. 6, iV 2 miles 
below Charleston; finished '86; No. 7, 14 
miles below, near Coal river; finished 
'93. No. 8, 2V 2 miles below Raymond City; 
finished '93. No. 9, 33 miles below Char- 
leston; finished '98. No. 10, 39 miles be- 
low; finished '98. No. 11, 1% miles above 
the Ohio; finished '98, and completing the 
slack water improvement to the mouth of 
the Kanawha. These locks are large, the 
chambers being 342x55 feet in the clear, 
and four barges, each carrying 600 tons 
of coal, may be locked through at one 
time. With these works but partly com- 
pleted the shipments of coal westward 
by barges, in the past 15 years, have oeen 
nearly equal to those by rail for both 
east and west. As there are no tolls, 
barges are cheaply transported and the 
greater >ease of loading gives a large ad- 
vantage to the river. Kanawha coal is 
carried from Charleston to Cincinnati, 
263 miles, for 25 cents per. ton, and to 
New Orleans, 1,776 miles, for about $1 
per ton. A tow boat safely handles from 
6 to 14 barges on the Kanawha, and from 
15 to 34, below its mouth, as the Ohio is 



— 14 — 




Movable Dam Just Built. 

much wider and straighter after its con- succeeding years 

fluenoe with the Kanawha than ahove that 

point. The capacity of 3-± barges, which 

may be handled by one good tow boat, 

would approximate 20,000 tons and make 

40 trains, of 25 cars each, stretching a 

distance of seven miles. 

The sources of the Kanawha being so 
far South, obstruction from ice only av- 
erages &y 2 days per year, while the up- 
per Ohio is obstructed much more. The 
latter is navigable for ~arges and boats of 
6 feet draught an average of about 150 
clays per year, while the Kanawha will 
accommodate that draught the year 
around and the Ohio bslow Point Pleasant 
will permit the passage of coal fleets about 
100 days more of each year than that 
above. The fleets for 1900 carried down 
ttos Kanawha, for the western markets, 
31.017,000 bushels of coal, 1,240,680 tons, 
while the new tipples built and the in- 
crease of old ones will probably add large- 
ly to these figures for the present and 



There were also 29,460,- 
000 feet B. M. of timber; 851,000 oak 
staves; 3,947 cords of tanbark; 612,600 
hoop poles; 2,153,000 lath; 786,700 oak 
railroad ties; 1,233,000 shingles; 288,000 
brick; 8,300 barrels of salt and 57,742 tons 
cf produce and merchandise carried, mak- 
ing a grand total of 1,475,930 tons. 

MOVABLE DAMS are down an average 
of about 165 days per year, giving open 
river and .making a great saving in time 
to boatmen; but when the stage is low 
they are raised to create the required 
d?pth for coal boats. The dams are raised 
and lowered from 5 to 12 times per year. 
Nos. 4 and 5, complete*., in 1880, were the 
first movable dams erected in America, 
and, together with those subsequently put 
in, have proven very satisfactory. They 
have an average lift of seven feet, and 
when not needed are lowered to the bed 
of the river. The expense of operating is 
but little more than with fixed dams, and 
is abundantly repaid by the added facili- 



— 15 — 



ties of boating. Space will not permit of 
giving full details regarding the construc- 
tion and operation of this system, but our 
Illustration shows a section under con- 
struction, while another shows a complet- 
ed dam, lock and boats. The enterprise 
is recognized as being of immense value 
to the developments of the coal and lum- 
ber interests in this valley. A telephone 
line connects the engineer's office, in 
Charleston, with each of the locks, and 
gauge readers are stationed at Radford, 
Kinton and Kanawha Falls, who give 
daily reports by postal, and in case of a 
sudden rise by telegram. These facilities 
enable the engineer to direct the opera- 
tion of the dams to meet the stage of the 
water. 

Gen. Wlliam P. Craighill's corps of U. 
S. A. engineers, with headquarters in Bal- 
timore, had charge of this work, 1874-95, 
since which there have been several 



changes. Capt. H. F. Hodges, U. S. A., 
with office at Cincinnati, is the present 
incumbent; but from the commencement 
of the improvement in 1873, to the present 
time, it has been largely under the super- 
vision of Addison M. Scott, as principal 
assistant, or resident engineer in local 
charge. In an article published in 1899, 
by the Engineering Record, of New York, 
Gen. Craighill, says that to him, more than 
to any other person, the success of this 
enterprise is due. Mr. Scott is a native 
of New York and was connected with the 
United States improvement of the upper 
Mississippi for several years prior to com- 
ing here. He is assisted in the work by 
Thomas E. Jeffries, a civil engineer, who 
has been prominently identified with the 
constructon of these locks and dams since 
1880. The U. S. Engineer's offices are 
in the Kanawha Bank Building. 




R. C. Church of the Sacred Heart* 




Tow*boat with Barges in the 
Boating on the Kanawha. 

Page 12 shows a view of the Great Ka- 
nawha River, looking down stream from 
near the "lower ferry" at Charleston, 
showing a fleet of loaded coal barges 
(with two towboats) tied up in the No. 6 
pool. A coal barge is generally 25 feet 
wide, 130 feet long, draught from 6 to 7 
feet. Capacity of an average barge, load- 
ed to 6y 2 feet, is about 14,000 bushels or 
560 tons. 

Cut on page 15 shows part of a movable 
dam, on the Kanawha, taken inside the 
coffer dam, during construction. The 
movable parts, except as noted below, are 
up or standing. One wicket is "on 
swing," and in the near foreground the 
wickets partly shown are down. Two 
men are sitting on the "bridge" from 
which the dam is raised and lowered. 
The bridge also lies fiat on the founda- 
tion when the dam is down. The wick- 
ets, which, when up, make the dam, are 
14 feet long and 4 feet wide. The bridge 
is about 17 feet high. 

Since the days when George Washing- 
ton visited the Kanawha it has been fa- 

— 1 



Lock— Movable Dam No. 6. 

mous in history and in song. From its 
sources in the Carolinas to its confluence 
with the Ohio at Point Pleasant it pre- 
sents an ever changing diversity of pic- 
turesqueness, covering mountain, hill and 
dale, which cannot fail to be attractive 
to those needing recreation, and a trip on 
a Kanawha river boat is a source of health 
and pleasure. Along the banks of the 
river, where formerly stood dense for- 
ests, are rapidly springing forth cities, vil- 
lages, manufactories, and the tipples of 
coal mines; so that every additional boat 
soon finds its field for labor in the in- 
creasing hum of industry. 

THE STEAMER KANAWHA. — The 
hull and cabin of this boat was built at 
Ironton in 1896, and the machinery put 
in at Marietta, making a completed ves- 
sel worth $30,000. This boat has a full 
equipment of compound machinery, its 
high pressure cylinders having a 10-inch 
bore and six feet stroke. The large cyl- 
inders are 17% in. by 6 ft. stroke, and the 
boat has a capacity of 600 tons. The hull 
was made of Oregon firwood, which gives 
lightness of draught with strength of 
form, and the Kanawha is recognized as 
the largest boat plying in the Charleston 

7 — 




Steamer Kanawha. 



trade. Her dimensions are 187x35 ft. 
beam, depth of hold 5% ft. The owners 
are Capt. M. P. Noll of Marrietta, M. 
Richter, of Williamstown, and Wm. E. 
Roe, Master. Captain Roe is a native of 
Williamstown, W. Va., and has been a 
boatman for 22 years, becoming master of 
this boat two years since. Geo. W. Hun- 
ter, the efficient clerk, is from the same 
town and has been 15 years in the river 
trade. S. R. Patterson & Co. are agents 
at Pittsburg, and W. B. Donnally agent 
at Charleston. The Kanawha has capac- 
ity for 250 passengers and does a regu- 
lar packet business between Pittsburg and 
Charleston, leaving her dock at the foot 
of Wood street every Tuesday at 4 p. m., 
and arriving in Charleston two days 
later, leaving this city at midnight Thurs- 
day she makes Pittsburg Sunday even- 
ing, where she remains for loading and 
the convenience of passengers shonning 
in the metropolis, until time to start on 
her next trip Tuesday at 4 p. m. 

THE GREENWOOD, a companion boat 
with the Kanawha, was built in 1898, at 



a cost of about $20,000, and although not 
quite so large does substantially the same 
trade. She leaves Montgomery, 28 miles 
above Charleston, at 8 a. m. Mondays 
and departs from this city at 9 p. m., ar- 
riving in Pittsburg Thursday night, and 
remaining there till 4 p. m. Friday, 
reaching Charleston Sunday night. The 
Greenwood is owned by Carrie Green- 
wood and Gordon" C. Greene, the latter 
serving as master. Captain Greene is a 
native of Newport, Ohio, and has follow- 
ed the river from boyhood. Having of- 
ficiated as master of the Bedford for nine 
years. Charles Stalder, of Buffalo, W. Va., 
is purser and looks well to the care of 
guests. This boat is about 300 tons bur- 
den, of light draught, easily handled, and 
a success in the packet trade. Fare on 
either of the above boats is $5.50 Charles- 
ton to Pittsburg, or $10 for the round 
trip. 

THE COLUMBIA runs as a freight and 
passenger packet between Charleston and 
Gallipolis, making a round trip every two 
clays. She was built in 1894 at a cost of 



— 18 — 




^f»^-^r,t - imi in imnn.iiii. i. jii_im.mil'. 






Steamer ..Greenwood. 



$lf,000 and is owned by the Charleston 
& Gallipolis Packet Co. 

THE T. D. DALE was rebuilt in 1896, 
and makes round trips daily between 
Charleston and Winfield, leaving the lat- 
ter place at 5:30 a. m., arriving at 
Charleston at 11 o'clock and departing 
at 3 p. m. for Winfield, which she reaches 



about 7:30 and where she remains until 
the next morning. She is owned by Capt. 
G. C. Greene and Austin Beaver, the lat- 
ter being her master. Although but fit- 
tie past his majority, Captain Beaver has 
been brought up on the river, his father 
being a steamboatman for many years, 
and is familiar with all his duties. E. P. 




The T. D. Dale 

— 19 — 



Milan of Winfleld officiates as clerk, and 
the Dale has its place as a factor in pro- 
moting the shipping business of this sec- 
tion. 

THE CALVERT and KANAWHA 
BELLE are companion packet boats, ply- 
ing between Charleston and Montgomery, 
and are owned by Calvert Brothers. The 
Kanawha Belle, built in 1887 and rebuilt 
in 1899, leaves Charleston at 9:30 a. m., 
and Montgomery at 4 p. m., in charge of 
E. O. Calvert, master. The Calvert was 
bulilt in 1890 and the hull rebuilt in 1900. 
She is valued at about $7,500, leaves 
Montgomery at 5:30 a. m., and arrives 
here at 10:30; returning, she leaves 
Charleston at 2 p. m. and gets to Mont- 
gomery at 7:30 or later. She is in charge 
of M. A. Calvert, as master. The two 
make a very convenient schedule for pas- 
sengers and freight between Charleston 
and the landings between here and Mont- 
gomery. E. O. Calvert serves as man- 
ager of the line, spending most of his 
time at the Charleston landing. The Cal- 
vert Brothers are natives of this county 
and have been brought up in the river 
trade. 



The steamer H. M. Stanley is run by 
the Cincinnati, Portsmouth, Big Sandy & 
Pomeroy Packet Co., from Cincinnati to 
Charleston, making a round trip each 
week. F. A. Laidley, president and man- 
ager of the line, is a native of Charleston 
and was master of the Annie Laurie Lb61- 
67. Recently he became manager of the 
above line. We have failed to get farther 
particulars of the Stanley. 

The Wharf Boat is owned by W. B. 
Donnally & Co. Mr. Donnally commenced 
the business here some fifteen years ago, 
was out of it for a time, and four years 
since purchased the present wharf boat 
at Cincinnati, and has since maintained 
it at the Charleston levee, which is rented 
from the city. The firm runs a feed 
store at No. 18 Summers street and keeps 
a dozen teams and teamsters steadily em- 
ployed in the transfer business and hand- 
ling of the river freights. 

There are numerous towboats that fol- 
low the Kanawha river trade but we have 
not space for further mention of boats at 
this time. 




W™s^Miijiii 



Kanawha Belle* 

— 20 — 




The Calvert. 




Tow=Boat D. T. Lane. 




Railroad Bridge Across New River. 
— 21 — 



The Elk River Bridges, Ferries, Etc. 



o 

CO 



3 






CO 



3 

o 

oo 

c 

c 
o 



U 



A regular ferry was first started here at the mouth 
of Elk river, for transfer over either steam, in 1794, 
John Langston, who lived on the south side of the 
ivanawha, at Perry Branch, commenced the business 
in 1809. Later Alex. Quarrier took it up and was 
succeeded by George Goshorn. James Wilson com- 
menced the business about 1820. He was followed 
by J. P. Hale, who in 1871 put on the first steam 
ferry boat used here. He sold out to Ruffner Broth- 
ers who consolidated with the lower ferry, the busi- 
ness having been subsequently known as iMie Charles- 
ton Steam Ferry Co., which name is still continued, 
and a skiff occasionally run, but the principal busi- 
ness has gone to the Charleston and South Side 
Bridge Co. 

THE WIRE SUSPENSION— This bridge still doing- 
good service over the Elk was erected in 1852, and at 
that time was considered quite a wonderful structure. 
Its cables were severed in war time, subsequent to 
which a pontoon bridge was made and used for a 
time. Later the old cables were spliced and new 
ones added to make a safe structure. 

THm KEYSTONE was built by J. Brisben Walker, 
at the lower crossing, in 1873. This was carried off 
its piers by an ice gorge in '79, and seven years later 
the present structure, which carries the electric rail- 
way, was erected by the city, the Suspension Bridge 
purchased and all tolls for crossing the Elk abolished. 
J. W. Shipman, of l\ew York, was engineer and 
builder. 

THE KANAWHA BRIDGE— Until 1890 the only 
means for travel and trade to the south side was by 
ferry boat, which often proved quite unsatisfactory. 
Ihe Charleston and South Side Bridge Company was 
incorporated that year with a capital of $150,000. 
The bridge was designed by S. C. Weiskopf, who 
officiated as chief engineer. Jutt, Stratton & Foley 
built the substructure, and Keystone Bridge Com- 
pany, of Pittsburg, erected the superstructure, which 
will long remain a credit to the work of the firm. 
The annroacnes, abutments, and bridges proper cost 
over $200,000. The three spans are 1,000 feet in 
length and required about 1,000 tons of steel. The 
directors at the time of its construction were B. L. 
Wood, Jr., President; T. H. Givens, Secretary-Treas- 
urer; R. S. Carr, J. W. Moon, W. E. Jennings, W. P. 
Wood, C. H. Sackrider, L. H. Partridge. The pres- 
ent executive officers are J. Wainwright, President; 
T. H. Givens, Secretary-Treasurer; L. H. Partridge, 
Auditor; J. J. Keeff, Superintendent. The latter 
has been in charge of the bridge since it was built 
and for twelve years prior was master of the ferry 
at this place and is well known to the traveling pub- 
lic. Present capital stock $200,000. 

RAILWAYS should come next in this connection, 
but on account of delay in getting some of the copy 
completed, will be held over to page 40. 

— 22 — 




Stone Bridge at T 
Kanawha County— Courts, Etc. 

SECESSION— In order to fully compre- 
hend the changes in county officials, and 
establish a consecutive chain, it is neces- 
sary to make some further explanation 
than that found on page 9 regarding the 
evolution from Virginia to West Vir- 
ginia. Shortly after the Act of Secession 
was adopted by the convention at Rich- 
mond, April 17, 1861, the loyal represen- 
tatives of the State gathered at Wheeling 
and in May, 1861, an election was ordered 
for State officers. Francis H. Pierpoint 
was chosen as Governor for the restored 
statehood and all county officials who 
would not swear allegiance to the Union 
were disqualified; and a special election 
was held July 15, 1861, to elect their suc- 
cessors. West Virginia was refused 
statehood by the Federal government 
until its constitution should abolish slav- 
ery and make the name West Virginia 
instead of Kanawha, and after becoming 
a State in 1863, State and county officials 
were chosen under the regulations of the 
new constitution. 

EARLY HISTORY— This part of Viir- 



wo*Mile Kanawha. 

gima remained in tne territory of Orange 
uo. up to n'6b, wnen Augusta l;o. was 
formed and heici charge till 1770. It was 
then under the jurisdiction of Botetourt 
until Montgomery was formed in 1777. 
Greenbrier was made from Montgomery 
in 1778 and Kanawha taken from Green- 
brier in 1789. The first court was opened 
October 5, 1789, and the records made by 
Wm. Cavendish, first clerk, are still in an 
excellent state of preservation, having 
been rebound in 1889, under the clerk- 
ship of J. W. Goshorn. Kanawha county 
originally comprised 2,090 square miles, 
which in 1800 contained a population of 
9,334. Mason county was erected in 1804, 
Fayette in '31, and Putnam in '48, reduc- 
ing the area to 980 square miles, which 
in 1860 contained 16,150 inhabitants of 
whom 2,184 were slaves. The census of 
1870 showed 22,349; 1880 gave 32,466, 
1890 42,756, and 1900 showed 54,696, a gain 
of 28 per cent, in the ten years, and giv- 
ing Kanawha the greatest population of 
any county in the State. 

THE FIRST COURT was comprised of 
the following "Gentlemen Justices": Thos. 
Lewis, Robt. and Wm. Clendenin, Fran- 



-23 — 



cis Watkins, Chas. McClung, Benj. 
Strother, David Robinson, Geo. Alderson, 
Leonard Morris, James Van Bibber. A 
century ago four of these, Geo. Alderson, 
Francis Watkins, Wm. Clendenin and 
Leonard Morris were still on the bench, 
While David and Joseph Ruffner, Thos. 
Rogers, Maurice Reynolds, Andrew Donn- 
ally, Obediah Fuqua, John Rousch, Saml. 
Shrewsbury and Wm. Morris had quali- 
fied. 

The early court records disclose the fact 
that for want of a better medium of ex- 
change, tobacco was a legal tender here 
in the early days. At the May term, 1792, 
it was "ordered that 4800 weight of to- 
bacco be levied for extra services of clerk 
for four years past, and 3300 weight for 
extra services performed by Thos. Lewis, 
sheriff, from 5th Oct. 1789 to July 2nd '92. 
That Wm. Clendenin be allowed 1300 lbs. 
tobacco as sheriff and Geo. Clendenin al- 
lowed 1920 lbs. for books used by this 
county." A levy was also made for 10,000 
lbs. to the use of the county and the 
sheriff ordered to proceed to collect the 
above and settle with the county next 
Feb. At the Nov. term, 1793, a levy was 
made for 1525 lbs. in favor of John Stew- 
art, clerk of Greenbrier Co. against John 
Edwards of Kanawha Co. 

COUNTY COURTS— The old Virginia 
plan of the justices from the various dis- 
tricts of the county, forming the County 
Court held until West Virginia was found- 
ed, when a recorder and supervisors took 
its place until 1872. It then reverted back 
to nearly the old style till 1880 when the 
present modified system was adopted, pro- 
viding for three commissioners who at- 
tend to probate matters, have charge of 
the roads, county poor, and business af- 
fairs of the county in general. Hereto- 
fore the work on county roads, let by 
contract, has often been unsatisfactory. 
With the present season, commissioners 
have been appointed on the principal 
roads, and some $8,000 will be expended 



under their special supervision, requiring 
annual sworn statements as to expendi- 
tures, and from which it is hoped to ob- 
tain better results than the previous plan. 

The court of 1881 as organized under 
the present law was composed of H. P. 
Tompkins who drew the card for two 
years, J. D. Baines for four years, and 
T. M. Shelton for. six years, the latter 
having been chosen as president. Mr. 
Tompkins at once resigned in favor of 
J. Q. Dickinson. R. S. Carr was elected 
in '84 and four years later resigned to 
accept the state senatorship. Sidney S. 
Staunton having been elected in '88 10 
serve the unexpired term. Wm. B. Cald- 
erwood was elected in '84; J. S. Cunning- 
ham, '86 and '92. He died April, "93 and a 
few months later J. D. Shrewsbury was 
appointed, serving until J. S. McDonald, 
who was elected in '94, qualified for the 
unexpired term, and J. S. Keeney was 
elected in '94 for the full term. Curtis S. 
Young was elected in '88; W. S. Laidley, 
'90, who after five years service resigned 
and E. A. Woodall was appointed for the 
remaining year. The present incumbents 
are John Moulton, President, a native of 
Maine, who served in the Civil War as 
major of the Second Minnesota. He has 
resided in this county for 25 years and 
was in the lumber business when elected 
from Louden district, November, 1898. 
E. A. Woodall, a native of Charleston, re- 
siding in Poca district, was appointed 
to serve the unexpired term of W. S. 
Laidley, December, '95, and November fol- 
lowing elected for a six year term. A. C. 
Shaver, a native of Ohio, served in the 
141 and 194 Infantry "Volunteers of that 
State, and at the close of the war settled 
in this county. He commenced his six 
year term in January, 1901. 

COUNTY CLERKS— For nearly forty 
years prior to the war, Alex. W. Quarrier 
served as county and circuit clerk. As 
his sympathies were with the South he 
refused to qualify and John Slack, Sr., 



— 24 — 



was elected. He was re-elected under the 
new State constitution, (as recorder). A. 
Cunningham served '66-72, when the name 
reverted to county clerk and Joel S. Quar- 
rier was elected; Ham Morris, Sr., elected 
'78; J. W. Goshorn, '84, '90; and E. W. 
Staunton, '90. Mr. Staunton is a native 
of this county and in early manhood en- 
gaged in the coal and ice business here. 
He was elected city sergeant at age 24, 
mayor two years later, and county clerk 
November, '96. 

Terms of county courts commence the 
4th Monday of February, 3rd Monday ct 
June. 2nd Monday of September, and 1st 
Monday of December, continuing as long 
as the business requires. 

CIRCUIT COURT— A circuit court was 
opened here April 24, 1809, with John 
Coulter on the bench, who was succeeded 
in 1811 by James Allen. Lewis Summers 
was judge of the Kanawha Judicial Cir- 
cuit from 1819 to June. 1843. David Mc- 



Coraas served to November, '51; Matthew 
Dunbar appointed till Geo. W. Summers 
was elected and qualified, July 1, 180: 
After six years Summers resigned and 
McComas again took the bench till Jas. 
H. Brown commenced, February 15, 1862. 
Daniel Polsley succeeded in June, '63; Jas. 
W. Hoge in '66; Joseph Smith in '73; an 1 
Judge F. A. Guthrie has been on thf 
bench for twenty years, being now in the 
middle of his third eight-year tern. 
Mathew Edmiston, Edw. B. Bailey, Wm. 
L. Hindman, Jas. H. Ferguson and per- 
haps others from other districts have ex- 
changed with the judges of this district. 
CIRCUIT COURT CLERKS— Up to 18'J1 
Alex. W. Quarrier served as county ami 
circuit clerk, when from his refusal to 
take the loyal oath, John Slack Sr.. be- 
came clerk and continued in the office 
till Wm. E. Gillison was elected in 1872; 
Thos. Swinburn elected '78; Chas B 
Smith. '84; H. K. Black, '90; and Grant 




Looking Up Capitol Street. 
— 25 — 



P. Hall, 96. Mr. Hall was reared in this 
county, taught for several years and serv- 
ed as county superintendent of schools, 
was admitted to the bar in 1895, and 
elected to his present position Novem- 
ber, '96. His deputies are Ira Mottes- 
heard and John J. Hall. 

SUPREME COURT— Judge Jas. H. 
Brown was one of the first justices on the 
State Court of Appeals, continuing from 
1863 to 1871. It met that year at Charles- 
ton with Edwin Maxwell, Ralph L. Burk- 
shire, and C. P. T. Moore on the bench 
and has continued regular sessions here. 
The present justices are M. H. Dent of 
Grafton; H. C. McWhorter, Charleston; 
Geo. Poffenberger, Pt. Pleasant; Henry 
Brannon, president, of Weston. 

SHERIFFS— At the opening of the first 
court, October 5, 1789, Wm. Cavendish 
was appointed temporary sheriff and 
Thos. Lewis, soon afterwards, was chosen 
as regular sheriff. Formerly the oldest 
magistrate succeeded to the position of 
sheriff by virtue of his office. It was 
changed to an elective office in 1852 and 
James H. Fry chosen. John Slack, Sr., 
succeeded in '54, '56; E. S. Arnold, '58, 
'60, who refused to take the loyal oath, 
and James Atkinson was chosen, taking 
John Slack, Jr., and G. W. Atkinson as 
his deputies. Wm. H. Truslow was elect- 
ed in 1862 but failing to give bond, John 
Slack, Jr. was appointed to the vacancy, 
and on the formation of West Virginia 
elected to the office. John W. Sentz 
elected '68; P. W. Morgan, '72; J. jL 
Rosuler, '76; J. F. Hubbard, '80; L. H. 
Ewart, '84; Roman Pickens, '88; Peter 
Silman, '92; J. H. Copenhaver, '96; J. A. 
Jarrett, 1900. Mr. Jarrett is a native of 
this county, working as operator and rail- 
road employe until he engaged as dis- 
bursing agent for the Winifrede Coal Co. 
some 12 years ago, and served as deputy 
county clerk just prior to having been 
elected sheriff. M. H. Eplin is office dep- 
uty. 



SURVEYORS— Reuben Slaughter was 
appointed first surveyor of Kanawha Co., 
Oct. 5th, 1789, and this continues to be 
quite an important county office. Frank 
G. Burdett, the present surveyor, is a na- 
tive of Fayette County, residing in Ka- 
nawha since 1877, and for ten years in 
Charleston, where he was surveyor, con- 
tractor and builder when elected to this 
office, November, 1900. 

PROSECUTING ATTORNEYS have 
been elected since 1870 as follows: John E. 
Kenna, '72; C. P. Snyder, '76, '80; W. E. 
Chilton, '82; S. C Burdett, '84; S. Cnap- 
man, '88; C. W. Smith, '92; A. C. Blair, 
'94; F. C. Burdett, '96; and S. B. AMs, 
1900. Capt. Avis is a native of Va. for 
ten years past in Charleston. He was ad- 
mitted in '93 and commenced assisting 
in the U. S. Attorney's office four years 
ago. When the Spanish-American war 
came on he organized Co. A 2d W. Va. 
V. I. and served a year as captain. 

ASSESSOR— A. R. Shepherd, a native 
of Charleston, merchandising at Spring 
Hill for six years past, is assessor for the 
Lower District, and Marshall Morris of 
Kanawha Co., formerly in mining, is as- 
sessor for the Upper District. 

COUNTY JAILS— Early in the history 
of the county it became necessary to have 
a jail for criminals and February 6, 1792, 
the court "ordered that the bounds of said 
prison, which is to be built on the front 
of the lot between John Young and Lewis 
Tackett, be extended to include the gar- 
rison and house of Geo. Clendenin, for 
the safety of the prisoners from Indian 
incursions." March 6, 1793, " ordered that 
sheriff let to lowest bidder the building 
of a prison for this county, 12 ft. square, 
two floors, one of earth, on the bank of 
the hill facing the Kanawha, and the 
other laid over with logs as close as pos- 
sible, the house to be between floors 
seven ft., covered cabin fashion." Aug. 
6, 1793, "ordered that the jail be received 
from Lewis Tackett, Sr., whereupon Wm. 



— 26 — 




County Jail, Built 1888. 

Clendenin, sheriff entered his protest in- 
sufficient." Again Jan 5, '96, "Geo. Al- 
derson, sheriff, enters protest against the 
sufficiency of the county goal." A stone 
jail and county clerk's office was built, 
in 1829, which continued in use, with 
some improvements, until the present 
brick jail was erected by the Pauley Jail 
Co., in 1888, at a cost of $37,500. 

COURT HOUSES— For several years 
after the formation of the county, court 
was held in the Clendenin block-house, 
but April 5, 1796, a levy was made to pay 
Chas. Donally $200 for a house and lot 
in which to hold court. A protest having 
been made against this purchase, on Aug. 
2d, following, it was "ordered that the 
money, levied at the April court, for Capt. 
Chas Donally's house and lot, be appro- 
priated to the building of a court house 
on the lot of Geo. Alderson and that Don- 
ally's house revert to himself. A deed 
for the lot now in use was given by Al- 
derson and wife Nov. 7, 1797, for $100. 
Goodrich Slaughter took the contract to 
build the under work of a court house 
for $128, to have "two good floors, two 
doors, four windows, a pair of stairs and 
stair door, fashionable seat for magis- 
trates and clerks, a table for the attor- 



neys, bench and bar, work to be done in 
a workmanlike manner, to be well 
chinked and daubed, together with win- 
dow, shutters, etc., said undertaker, vo 
give bond for the true and faithful per- 
tormance of said work in six months 
from th.s time." The extras, however, 
tjiougnt the bill up to $200 which was al- 
lowed in the audit of accounts for 1796. 
in 1802 a county clerk's office was order-- 
td built and was erected of stone on the 
sue of the present Ruffner House. After 
a tong service it was used as a law office 
and the clerk occupied rooms more con- 
silient to the court house. The brick 
court house, erected in 1817, continued in 
use until April 7, 1888, when under 
the presidency of John S. Cunningham, 
who is understood to have given his as- 
sent, it was torn down between two days. 
Up to 1849 the margin around the court 
house lot was occupied by an open market 
house. This was burned in the cholera 
year, and subsequently one-story offices 




Brick Court House, 1817*88. 



— 27 — 




were erected there, the circuit clerk's of- 
fice having been erected in 1873. 

THE NEW COURT HOUSE is a sub- 
stantial, well-built stone structure, erect- 
ed in 1892. The architects received $2,000, 



Stone Court House, Erected \ 892. 

approved April, 1873, created a board of 
overseers, one from each district, and 
September following the committee ap- 
pointed to appraise the assets .of the poor 
farm found, "Two horses, 1 mule, 1 bull. 



and the contractors $90,000. Subsequent 7 cows, 5 calves, 23 sheep, 22 hogs, sev- 

improvements and furnishings have eral pigs, 2 wagons, a lot of poultry, and 

brought the grand total above $153,000, small farmling utensils. We found the 

but the structure is fire proof and will agent's house in tolerable repair. The 

long accommodate the needs of the county cabins in which the poor stay are old, 

for the purposes of its design. beds n °t neat, and the committee recom- 
mend repairs to make them tenantable 

Ottf County P001\ the coming winter." They also reported 

The poor of Kanawha county have had abuses by the agent and recommended 

considerations by law from an early date, that the farm be sold and a smaller one 

and a tract was formerly occupied about purchased. "It is a rough, hilly farm and 

a mile south of Charleston, which con- contains more land than can be culti- 

tinued to be the farm up to the early vated with the help at hand. A smaller, 

fifties, its inmates having been some- more level farm, mainly for vegetables 

what indifferently cared for. Subsequent- and pasturage would be more advanta- 

ly, a large tract was purchased in Poca geous to the county. " J. H. S. Holmes, 

district and the home of the unfortunates the offending agent, was discharged and 

removed there. The Act of Legislature, A. D. Tully appointed October 13, '73, but 

— 28 — 




Kanawha County 

Holmes still held possession until about 
February, 1874. The farm was sold in 
1875 for $3,000 and 99^ acres purchased 
April, '76, of the Cabell estate, at the 
present site, for $2,200. To this, addi- 
tional purchases have been made until 
the present farm is about 200 acres. 

THE COUNTY INFIRMARY is located 
eight miles down the river from the 
court house, along the bank of the Ka- 
nawha and intersected by the K. & M. 
R. R. Most of the laud is under a high 
state of cultivation, and for the year 



Infirmary, 1895. 

1900 nearly everything that was con- 
sumed by the inmates, excepting cloth- 
ing and a few groceries, was raised on 
the farm. A sufficiency of wheat, corn, 
and vegetables, milk, butter and eggs, 
part of the pork, etc., was raised, as well 
as the corn, hay and oats to keep the 
stock. 

A superintendent's house was built 
some ten years ago, and a row of tene- 
ment houses served to house the inmates 
until the present well built three-story 
brick infirmary was erected in 1895, at a 




Glen on Old Poca— Poor Farm. 

— 20 — 



cost with furnishings of $23,000. It con- 
tains 44 rooms, is fitted throughout with 
steam heating apparatus, has convenient 
bath rooms, and all other necessities to 
make a comfortable home for its average 
of 60 inmates. Dr. T. L. Barber, of 
Charleston, is the physician in charge, 



Walter Kersey, son of the superinten- 
dent, officiates as engineer, Mrs. Lydia 
Durable has been the efficient matron 
for a year past and W. H. Kersey, a na- 
tive of this county, formerly a Baptist 
minister, has been superintendent since 
July, 1899. 



Charleston — Its Progress and Prospects. 



On pages 3 and 4 something is given 
regarding the early founding of Charles- 
ton. To go somewhat more into detail 
our historian has found that the Gov- 
ernor of Virginia, in 1773, granted \ 
Thos. Bullitt a warrant for 1240 acres, 
as a reward for military services, and in a 
will made by him, September, 1775, he 
devised the same to his brother Cuthbert 
Bullitt, which was affirmed by Thomas 
Jefferson, Governor of this Common- 
wealth, November 19, 1779, giving Bul- 
litt title to 1030 acres then in Green- 
brier county on the north side of the 
Great Kanawha above the mouth of the 
Elk. George Clendenin purchased this 
tract December 28, 1787, and the next 
year came on with others to lay the nu- 
cleus for the future city. March 30, 1793, 
he deeded the middle section of the tract, 
207 acres, now upper part of the city, to 



Alex. Clendenin and on the same date 
300 acres at the extreme upper part of 
the city to Wm. Clendenin. A plat of 
40 acres, near the Kanawha and Elk, was 
incorporated as "Charlestown," Decem- 
ber 19, 1794, in honor of the father of 
the founder, who died here prior to that 
time. The first trustees for the town 
were Reuben Slaughter, Andrew Don- 
ally, Sr., John Morris, Sr., Leonard Mor- 
ris, Geo. Alderson, Abraham Baker, John 
Young, and Wm. Morris. On August 30, 
1796, Geo. Clendenin sold to Joseph Ruff- 
ner 500 acres, nearly a mile square, upon 
which the central portion of the city now 
stands, and three years later Mr. Ruffner 
purchased from Alex, and Wm. Clen- 
denin the remaining portion of the 1030 
acre tract, 27 of the acre lots of the vil- 
lage plat having previously been sold to 
settlers. This tract took in all the bot- 




A Pioneer Home 

— 30 — 




■.uy"ili«if] 
^trtiiiitatii 



"^^[""W 

M^W 



~*» 



mj* 




View From South=End of Kanawha Bridge. 

torn land and a small strip of the hill- elected again in '72; C. P. Snyder, '73; J. 

side. January 19, 1818, an Act was passed D. White, '74; Jno. C. Ruby, '75, when 

re-incorporating the town, and the "w" the amended charter made the term two 

was dropped from the name, leaving It years. C. J. Botkin elected '77, '79; R. R. 

Charleston. That charter also provided Delaney, '81; J. D. Baines, '83; J. H. Hu- 

for the election of a president, recorder, ling, '85; J. L. Fry, '87, '89; J. B. Pem- 

and trustees. Amendments were made to berton, '91; E. W. Staunton, '93; J. A. 

the charter in 1821, '25, '61, '67, '75. In deGruyter, '95, '97; Herman Smith, '99, 

1895 the charter was entirely re-enacted, who died May 27, 1900 and J. B. Floyd 

extending the limits to take in that por- was elected by the council. Geo. S. Mor- 

tion below Elk River, formerly known gan who was elected March 11, 1901, is 

as Elk City, and two years later to in- a native Charlestonian, educated in the 

elude Upper Ruffner and the entire bot- public schools and commenced clerking 

torn lands between the Kanawha River at 20 years of age, a few years later be- 

and hillside. The charter of 1861 was coming proprietor of the grocery business 

secured through the efforts of Jacob at 74 Lovell Street, where he has held 

Goshorn and provided for the election of forth some 15 years. 

a mayor. Mr. Goshorn who resides at THE RECORDERS — J. T. Brodt was 

the corner of Broad and Washington Sts. serving as recorder in 1870, and those 

is still hale and among the oldest resi- elected since then have been C. H. 

dents in Charleston. He was born Decern- Hatcher, '71, '72, '73; H. D. McFarland, '74; 

ber 9, 1818, his father removing here in J. L. Fry, '75, '77, '79; Davis H. Estill, 

1822. He was elected first mayor under '81, '83; J. A. deGruyter, '85, '87; W. A. 

the charter of 1861, but the war coming Kelly, '89; Henry Fry, '91; J. H. Gates, 

on he refused to take the oath of loyalty '93; C. L. Topping, '95; Percy Rowan, 97; 

and in '62 fled for the South. The place Ham Morris, Jr., '99, and Will W. Wertz, 

was then virtually under military rule 1901. Mr. Wertz came to Charleston 

until 1865, subsequent to which John from Pennsylvania some four years ago 

Williams and John Truslow served, and for two years past was serving as 

George Ritter was elected mayor 1868, 69; principal of the Ruffner school, which he 

John W. Winfield, '70; H. Clay Dickin- resigned to accept his present position, 

son, *71, whom, dying soon afterwards, that was awarded to him by the Supreme 

J. P. Hale succeeded. John Williams Court April 16, 1901, upon contest. 

--31 — 




Capitol Street Near Business Centre. 

COUNCIL— The council is composed of 1881, '83, '85; W. S. Laidley, '88, '89, '91; 

the mayor, and two coundilmen from each H. 0. Middleton, '93; H. B. Smith, '95; 

of the seven wards. The names are W. L. C. B. Couch, '97, '99 and H. Delbert Rum- 

Ashby, John Davidson, V. A. Gates, E. W. mel, 1901. . Mr. Rummel is a native of 

Higginbotham, A. G. Higginbotham, Le- the city, received his A. M. degree at 

roy Harless, W. A. Mahan, John Mor- St. Mary's College, Belmont, N. C, was 

gan, P. H. Noyes, B. A. Palmer, N. B. admitted to the bar in 1896, and elected 

Ransom, Geo. Ritter, J. C. Riley, H. S. to his present position March last. 
Stout. L. L. Price, city sergeant, is a Charles- 

CITY TREASURERS— C. C. Lewis, Sr., tonian, in the sand and lime business, 

served for ten years, from 1880 and was and secretary of the board of education, 

succeeded by E. A. Reid, cashier of the L. Caperton, city assessor, is a native of 

Kanawha National Bank, 1891, who Monroe County, West Virginia, 14 years 

served a like time. Frank Field, elected in Charleston, and was elected March, 

1901, is a native of this county and for 1900. W. A. Hogue, a native Charles- 

8 years past connected with the Kanawha tonian, has served as city engineer for 

Valley Bank. several years past. 

CITY SOLICITORS— E. B. Knight serv- POLICE DEPARTMENT. — Charleston 

ed as city solicitor from the early sev- has an efficient police force under charge 

enties till W. A. MacCorkle was elected of the mayor, and J. M. Lynn, chief. The 



32 — 



$jK 


\ ft 






_ .u 


*! 


if 


H 


1 






*sv.7!li 


■■' ■■ 


• 





Res. Charles Capito. 

policemen are John Young, N. S. Starke, 
Geo. Warner, Will Walker,, Armour 
Givens, Will Leach, G. W. Medley, Mat. 
Spradling, Will Nutter, Geo. R. Thomas 
and James Pridemore. John Ashley is 
sanitary policeman. 

C. Summers, police judge since June 6, 
1901, was born in this county, moved to 
Elk City 13 years ago and was recorder 
of that place prior to its annexation to 
Charleston. He served as deputy in- 
ternal revenue collector and for 2 years 
in the city council. 

FIRE DEPARTMENT— The city owns 
five horses, three of which are regularly 
in (he fire department and the others at 
call when needed. The chem'cal engine 
cost about $1,800, carries 1,000 feet of 
large hose and 200 feet of chemical hose. 
There are 2 hose carts and a hose reel 
each carrying about 500 feet of hose, but 
that on the reel needs replacing by new. 
The headquarters are on the ground floor 
of the city hall. An engine house is con- 
templated for the west side and with the 
upbuilding of Ruffner and West Charles- 
ton others will doubtless be needed in 



the near future. James White, chief of 
the department, is a native of Boston, 12 
years in Charleston and city electrician, 
for some years past. He has been iy 2 
years with the department and chief 
since April, 1901. J. G. Barker is as- 
sistant chief, and the other members are 
E. S. Amos, Chas. Debolt, G. R. Tully, 
L. I. Hawkins, Wm. Cabell and B. F. 
Clark. 

CITY HALL— Subsequent to the war, 
an engine house was built on the court 
house lot, the upper portion having been 
used for city purposes. This was burned 
December, 1874, and for ten years after- 
wards council and mayor's court was held 
in rented rooms. The present city hall 
was erected in 1884 at a cost of above 
$13,000. The city has more than doubled 
since that date and is likely to outgrow 
the present city hall before 1920. In ad- 
dition to the fire department quarters a 
lock-up is found on the first floor. The 
mayor's office, recorder and council room 
occupies a spacious hall on the second 
floor in rear of which is the police head- 
quarters. The third story is used for 
storage. B. L. Young serves as janitor. 



1 - /* - 




r- -' ~ . ...* . _ -^ \ 







Res. Ph. Frankenberger. 



— 33 — 




"Kanawha Street, Summers to Hale. 

LOCATION, ETC.— The capital of the and the K. & M. in '84. Kanawha county, 

State is 58 miles up the Great Kanawha, of which Charleston is the shire town, is 

on the north side of the river, in latitude hilly and almost mountainous, hut its 

38 degrees 21 minutes, and longitude 81 climate is salubrious and its fertile val- 

degrees 31 minutes, in the central west- leys and tillable hillsides make good 

era part of the State. In an air line it is grazing and agricultural lands. The city 

66 miles south of Parkersburg, 130 miles was first lighted by gas in 1871; has a 

s. by w. from Wheeling, 233 miles w. by good system of water works established 

n. from Richmond, and via C. &. O. R. R. in '86; an electric light plant built in '87; 

369 miles to Richmond and but 52 to and although it may be slow in some 

Huntington, on the Ohio. The Kanawha things, claims to have used brick for 

is navigable in all seasons and packets street paving the first in America, when 

ply regularly from here to Cincinnati a part square of Capitol Street was paved 

and Pittsburg. There is also a line up- with that material in 1870, by Dr. J. P. 

river 27 miles to Montgomery. In con- Hale, and three years later the city paved 

sequence of this having been practically Summers Street from Kanawha to Vir- 

the dividing line between northern and ginia Street. 

southern sentiment Charleston suffered GROWTH — The growth of this place 

the ravages of both armies, but with the from its settlement, in 1788, up to the 

close of hostilities, and the prospect of Civil War was distressingly slow and in 

this becoming the new state capital, 1870, it recorded but 3,162 inhabitants, 

wholesale houses were established and a Within the next decade it increased 35 

healthy growth commenced. The C. & O. per cent., showing 4,192, while from '80 

R. R. was completed through here in 1873, to '90, it pushed forwards 60 per cent, 

— 34 — 




Capitol Street 

bringing the figures up to 6,742 and its 
growth for the past decade, taking in Elk 
City and Ruffner, was even more wonder- 
ful, showing an increase of 65 per cent., 
and a total population of 11,099, which 
most of our citizens believe to be an 
under estimate. From facts which will 
be proven in this pamphlet, no fair- 
minded investigator can hesitate to be- 
lieve that Charleston has entered upon 
an era of development which will show 
even greater results in the coming years, 
and there can be no reasonable doubt 
but that it will increase 100 per cent, or 
more within the present decade. The lo- 
cation of the State Capital, in the Kanaw- 
ha valley coal belt, makes it not only the 
legal, but the commercial, financial and 
distributing; center for about one-third 
of West Virginia, and with the advent of 
abundance of cheap gas. which is now 
assured, it can hardly fail to Become a 
great manufacturing metropolis. 



on Circus Day. 

SITE— The site of the city is a large 
level plane, above and below Elk river, 
with surrounding hillsides which can 
easily be transformed into handsome 
homes, groves and parks, and with 
abundant room for an extensive growth, 
which from the numerous advantages 
shown forth in this pamphlet, is sure to 
come speedily. The South Side (Fern 
Bank) and West Charleston are adjoinng 
suburbs which will have attention else- 
where. 

BUILDINGS— Among public buildings, 
and popular institutions, we mention the 
Capitol, described elsewhere, and the An- 
nex now building: the government, 
county and city buildings, public, private 
and parochial schools; excellent opera- 
house, two large and numerous smaller 
hotels, ten churches, a superb Masonic 
Temple, city hospital, etc. 

BUSINESS— Two daily and weekly 
papers, two express and two telephone 



— 35 — 



companies, long-distance 'phone and W. 
U. Telegraph, four banks, gas and water 
works, electric lights; factories for ice, 
woolen goods, furniture, wagons, handles, 
two foundries, several flour and saw mills, 
an engine and general machine shop, two 
boiler plants, numerous packet lines, 
three railroads and the electric street car 
line; a steel bridge across the Kanawha 
and three bridges across Elk river; fif- 
teen tow boats and their fleets of barges, 
for the transportation of coal, coke, lum- 
ber, salt, tan-bark, staves, railroad ties, 
etc., to the western markets; and numer- 
ous other concerns mentioned in detail in 
the following pages. There are numer- 
our wholesale houses, doing a large ag- 
gregate annual business, and a very large 
and complete line of retail stores, mak- 
ing Charleston a much greater commer- 
cial center than cities of its size are usu- 
ally found to be. The legal, medical and 
theological professions are ably repre- 
sented. 

CLIMATE, ETC.— The principal streets 
are paved with brick. There are shade 
trees in profusion and a general pictur- 
esqueness of surroundings which make 
this city an ideal place for homes. The 
climate is equable and comparatively 
mild, having enough freezing weather to 
kill off poisonous germs and noxious in- 
sects; but avoiding the protracted cold 
and northern blizzards, as well as the 
depressing heat and dangerous epidemics 
of the South, the continued monotony of 
climate as found in Florida, or the archi- 
peligoes of the sea. The mean annual 
temperature here is 53 F., and rainfall 
40 inches. The altitude is 600 feet above 
tide water, while the surrounding hills 
rise from 300 to 500 feet hisrher, and 
farther up the river and its tributaries 
much greater elevations are found, giv- 
ing perfect drainage to the whole region. 
The water is pure and soft and on the 
whole there is perhaos no better spot in 
America for a sanitarium, for general 



longevity, or for diversified manufactur- 
ing than the Kanawha valley presents. 

NO RIVAL— The topography of the 
country is such that Charleston can have 
no rival within 50 miles. Our map, (see 
last page folder,) shows that an air line 
of aoout 50 miles, would strike the Ohio 
river, and that a connecting link of rail- 
road of that length from Clendenin, or 
Clay C. H., to Parkersburg or Marietta; 
or a distance of 75 miles parallel with 
the Charleston and Parkersburg pike, 
would give us direct connection to the 
Ireat Lakes. Some astute railroad syn- 
licate will soon observe that the Besse- 
mer ore from Cleveland can thereby eas- 
ily meet the cheap coal, coke, natural 
gas and limestone of the Kanawha valley, 
and before ten years, numerous furnaces, 
rolling-mills, glass factories, etc., will 
probably be found in this region. Look 
at the map and observe that it is less 
than 150 miles, by air line from Charles- 
ton to Columbus, Staunton or Lynch- 
burg, 175 miles to Cincinnati, or Pitts- 
burg, 250 to Cleveland, Toledo, Indianapo- 
lis, or Washington; 300 to Philadelphia, 
Atlanta, Nashville; 400 to New York, Chi- 
cago, or Savannah. In fact the homes of 
one-thii ._ of the people of the United 
States are less than 500 miles distant 
from Charleston. 

RESOURCES— Within 150 miles of this 
city are found all of the Great Kanawha 
ccal fields; the superb water power oi. 
New River and Kanawha Falls, (which 
if harnessed would generate sufficient 
electricity oO turn all the wheels of a 
great manufacturling valley, as the catar- 
act at Niagara now sends electrical nower 
to hundreds of manufactories at Buffalo 
and elsewhere.) This region has vast for- 
ests of timber, and a diversity of ores, as 
explained under that head on page 6. In 
addition to these should be mentioned 
quarries of gypsum, while the lands are 
adapted to grazing and the culture of the 
famous Kentucky bluegrass. In gran- 



duer of natural scenery, the New river 
canon is unsurpassed by anything this 
side of the Rockies, while for general 
picturesqueness the Kanawha and Elk 
valleys are hard to equal. 

Governmental Matters. 

The post-office here was called Kanaw- 
ha C. H. in 1789, the first postmaster 
being Edward Graham, succeeded by 
Francis A. Dubois who held up to 1803 
and Wm. Whitaker to 1808. The office 
was first kept in a log hut, N. E. Cor. of 
Kanawha and Hale Sts. As there was 
a Charles Town in the State, this office 
held the official name of Kanawha C. H. 
till Sept. 30, 1879, when it was changed 
to Charleston. Up to 1810 the mail came 
only fortnightly from Lewisburg on 
horseback. Postmasters since 1861 have 
been appointed as follows: N. A. Whit- 
aker, '61; Wm. A. Gramm, '65; L. L. 
Comstock, '66; J. W. Cracraft, '67; G. W. 
Atkinson, '71; A. F. Gibbens, '77; L. H. 
Ewart, '81; A. F. Gibbens, '85; Richard 




U. S. Government Building. 



Ashby, '87; H. C. McWhorter, Jan., '91; 
Mrs. Anna B. Kenna, '93; O. A. Petty, '98. 
Mr. Petty is a native of Wirt Co., and in 
Charleston since '86. Served 3 years as 
councilman and was a partner in the 
clothing firm of Petty & Wertheimer prior 
to present appointment. The postmaster 
now receives $2,900 salary. 

The recent raise of $200 in salary is 
indicative of the steady increase in the 
volume of mail matter dispatched from 
Charleston which is about one-fourth 
more than it was two years ago. The 
office dispatches six daily mails by the 
C. & 0. and receives seven, sends out 
four on the K. & M. and receives five, and 
has one mail each day on the C. C. & S. 
there are seven star routes, three of 
which are tri-weekly. There are 8 car- 
riers and 8 clerks, including assistant 
postmaster, and the mail handled daily 
averages about 1,000 lbs. of first class and 
about 3,000 lbs. of second and third class 
matter. 

The Government Building, shown here- 
with, was partly erected in 1884 and the 
Summers St. side added in '89 at a total 
cost of about $125,000. It is a handsome 
and commodious structure with wide and 
well kept lawns and is greatly appreci- 
ated by Charlestonians. 

The U. S. Senators from West Virginia 
are Nathan B. Scott of Wheeling, whose 
term expires March, 1905, and S. B. El- 
kins, term expiring in 1907. The Con- 
gressmen are B. B. Dovener, of Wheeling; 

A. G. Dayton of Phillippi, Barbour Co.; 
J. H. Gaines of Charleston; J. A. Hughes 
of Huntington, all elected for the com- 
ing Congress. Mr. Gaines is a native of 
Fayette Co., and was serving as U. S. 
Dist. Atty. when elected to Congress. J. 

B. Cuningham, who assisted him as law 
clerk, continues as his private secretary. 

U. S. DISTRICT COURT— Judge J. J. 
Jackson, who was appointed Judge of the 



— 37 — 



U. S. Court for the western district of Vir- 
ginia, August 3, 1861, by the recent divis 
ion of the State, continues in the norther,! 
district, while B. F. Keller, a native of 
Bellefonte, Pa., who was admitted to prac- 
tice in the Supreme Court, D. C. 1882, for 
ten years past practicing law at Bram- 
well, W. Va., was appointed to the south- 
ern district June 18, taking the oath of 
office July 1st. 

U. S. CIRCUIT COURT— Edwin M. 
Keatley, a native of N. Y., for twelve years 
past residing in W. Va. and for some time 
a resident of Charleston, was recently ap- 
pointed by Judges Goff and Simonton, o? 
the Fourth Circuit, as U. S. Circuit Court 
Clerk. Mr. Keatley served as Assistant 
Attorney General 1896-1900. 

U. S. DISTRICT ATTORNEY— Ex-Gov. 
G. W. Atkinson, who became U. S. At- 
torney for the southern district of W. Va. 
July 1st, was born in this county 56 years 
ago. He graduated from the Wesleyan 
University of Delaware, 0., 1870, with the 
degree of B. A., subsequently receiving 
the M. A. degree and L.L. D., each from 
two colleges, and the Ph. D. from Mt. 
Union College. He taught school in Ka- 
nawha Co., reading law in the meantime, 
and graduated L.L. B. from Howard Uni- 
versity in '75. The Governor has been a 
life-long Republican and served as P. M. 
at Charleston '71-7, Dept. Col. Int. Rev. 
'77, Revenue Agent '78-81, U. S. Marshal 
'81-5, Congressman 89-90, Governor '97- 
1901. Gov. Atkinson was connected ? r ith 
the W. Va. Journal of this city 1 $69-76, 
served as editor of the Wheeling Evening 
Standard '87; has written seven prominent 
books and altogether has had a very busy 
life. His public acts speak for themselves 
and as he is still in the prime oi life it is 
hoped that there are many years of use- 
fulness yet in store for him. Elliott 
Northcott is a native of Clarksburg and 
in the practice of law at Huntington for 



some ten years prior to his appointment 
as Ass't. U. S. Dist. Atty. in 1897. He wa.s 
reappointed July i, 1901. 

U. S. MARSHAL— John K. Thompson is 
a native of Va., and served in the Con- 
federate Army. He was elected to the W. 
Va. Legislature from Putnam Co. 1830 
and appointed U. S. Marshal for W. Va. in 
1897 and reappointed June, 1901, for the 
southern district. 

Douglas E. Hughes, a Kentuckian who 
served as corporation clerk in the Audi- 
tor's office, was commissioned Lieutenant 
of 2d. W. Va. Vol. in Spanish-American 
war, and July 1, 1901, appointed chief 
deputy in the Marshal's office. 

E. K. Reedy, also office deputy, is a na- 
tive of Va., 8 years in Charleston, and 
was serving as Dept. Int. Rev. Col. and 
chief clerk for Secretary of State prior to 
his present appointment. 

D. W. Cunningham, of Jackson Co , 
taught in the suburban schools, served on 
the examining board and has recently re- 
ceived his appointment for a second term 
as field deputy. 

State Capitol, Officials, Etc, 

The State Capitol first came to Charles- 
ton Apr. 1, 1870, and May 20, '75 was 
returned to Wheeling. Charlestonians 
sued out an injunction but to no effect. 
In '77 the people voted as to the prefer- 
ence of Clarksburg, Martinsburg and 
Charleston, the latter receiving the 
greatest vote and it was returned here. 
The old part of the capitol, shown on 
page 2, was erected 1870-1, and occupied 
by the legislature '72-4. After ten years 
the State House was completed practi- 
cally as it now stands, at a total cost of 
about $500,000. As this is insufficient for 
all State purposes the handsome Annex, 
shown herewith is building. The steps 
have been changed and other slight al- 
terations made from the completed draw- 
ing, as here shown. State statistics, top- 



38 — 




Capitol Annex, June 1, J 901. 

ography, etc., have been given on pages take time to read he must necessarily have 
9-13 to which the reader is referred. a judicious and diplomatic secretary. 



GOVERNORS have been inaugurated as 
follows: A. I. Boreman, June 20, 1863, 

D. D. T. Farnsworth, Feb. 27, '69; Wm. E. 
Stevenson, Mar. 4, '69; J. J. Jacob, '71; 
H. M. Mathews, '77; J. B. Jackson, '81, 

E. W. Wilson, '85; A. B. Fleming, after 
contest with Nathan Goff, Feb. 6, '90; W. 
A. MacCorkle, '93; G. W. Atkinson, '97; 
A. B. White, 1901. Gov. White was born 
at Cleveland, O., Sept. 22, 1856, and in 
early manhood published the National 
Teacher at Columbus. He graduated at 
Marietta College in 1878 and purchased the 
State Journal at Parkersburg in '81. He 
served as collector of Internal Revenue 
'89 to '96 and was elected governor, Nov. 
1900 on the Republican ticket. 

Genl. E. L. Boggs, who served as the 
efficient private secretary of Gov. Atkin- 
son and had a thorough knowledge of of- 
ficial duties, has been retained by Gov. 
White. Gen. Boggs is a native of Holli- 
daysburg, Pa., and has been in the drug 
trade of Charleston since 1870. As the 
chief executive receives an average of 100 
letters per day, many of which he cannot 



SECRETARIES OF STATE have been 
installed as follows: J. E. Boyers, '63; G. 
D. Hall, '65; J. S. Witcher, '67; J. M. 
Pipes, Feb., '69; J. M .Phelps, '71; C. Hed- 
rick, '73; S. Brady, '77; R. Stalnaker, 
'81; H. S. Walker, '85; W. A. Ohley, '90; 
W. E. Chilton, '93; W. M. O. Dawson, '97, 
1901. Mr. Dawson is a native of Bloom- 
ington, Md., was merchandising for a 
time, taught district school, was editor of 
the Ptreston Co. Journal, elected on the 
republican ticket as State Senator 1880, 
'84, appointed to his present position '97 
and re-appointed by Gov. White. He is 
serving a second term as chairman of the 
republican State executive committee. 

ATTORNEY GENERALS — The Attor- 
ney General stands as the arbiter of Jus- 
tice in the enforcement of the supreme 
laws of the State and the maintenance of 
the equal rights and privileges of Its 
people. He is the advisory counsel of 
the Executive and of the administration 
of the State, involving all cases of legal 
right and procedure. The succession has 
been A. B. Caldwell, '63; E. B. Hall, '65; 



39 — 



Edwin Maxwell, '66; Thayer Melvin, '67; has been connected with the milling bus- 

A. B. Caldwell, '69; Jos. Sprigg, '71; H. M. iness for some time past. He was a leader 

Mathews, '73; R. White, '77; C. C. Watts, on the republican ticket, which won by 

'81; Alfred Caldwell, '85; T. S. Riley, '93; over 20,000 votes. C. L. Topping, for- 

E. P. Rucker, '97; R. H. Freer, 1901. merly clerk of the W. Va. Hospital for 

Judge Freer is a native of Trumbull Co., the Insane, officiates as chief clerk, as- 

O., practicing law in Ritchie Co., W. Va., sisted by A. D. Gates who has had four 

since 1868. He served in the State Legis- years' experience in the office. 



STATE SUPERINTENDENTS OF 
FREE SCHOOLS— W. R. White, '63; H. 



lature '90-1, was elected Judge in '96, 
Congressman '98 and Attorney General in 
1900. Alex. Dulin, Ass't. Atty. Genl. is a 
native of Wirt Co., practicing law at Sut- A - G - zie S ler > ' 69 : A - D - Williams, 70; 
ton for twenty years prior to his present C S - Lewis > n > W - K. Pendleton, Jan., 
appointment in March, 1901. 73 ' B - W - Byrne, Mar, '73; W. K. Pen- 

dleton, '77; B. L. Butcher, '81; B. S. Mor- 
STATE AUDITORS— S. Crane, '63; J. gan, '85; V. A. Lewis, '93; J. R. Trotter, 
M McWhorter, '65; T. Boggess, '69; E, A. '97; T. C. Miller, 1901. Mr. Miller is a 
Bennett, '71; J. S. Miller, '77; P. F. Duffy, native of Fairmont, W. Va., served in the 
'85; I. V. Johnson, '93; L. M. LaFollette, civil war in the 7th W. Va. infantry, at- 
'97; A. C. Scherr, 1901. Mr. Scherr was tended Adrain College of Michigan, taught 
born in Switzerland in 1848, came to for a term in district schools and for 20 
America in childhood, and for many years years was superintendent of the schools 
past has been a manufacturer of woolens at Fairmont, succeeding which he held the 
at Keyser, Mineral Co. The auditor is chair of pedagogy in the W. Va. Univer- 
virtually railroad and insurance com- sity for 8 years. He commenced his 4 
missioner, collects all the State revenues year term as Supt. of Free Schools of this 
and issues warrants for disbursements. State Mar. 4, 1901. Supt. Miller having 
The several departments require ten ef- had over thirty years of experience in 
ficient clerks, who are under the direc- teaching is at home in school work. The 
tion of W. B. Mathews as chief. Mr. State Superintendent has general super- 
Mathews was born in Marshall Co., W. vision over county superintendents and 
Va., and has been in the auditor's office the free schools of the State; prepares the 
for four years. forms and blanks used by teachers, in- 

stitute work, etc. 
STATE TREASURERS— Campbell Tarr, 
'63; J. H. Bristor, '67; J. A. MaCauley, ADJUTANTS-GENERAL & STATE LI- 
'69; J. S. Burdett, '71; Sobieski Brady, '76; BRARIANS till '76 were the same. F. E. 
T. J. West, '77; T. O'Brien, '81; W. T. Pierpoint, '63; T. Hornbrook, Sept., '66; 
Thompson, '85; J. M. Rowan, '93; M. A. G. W. Brown, Nov., '66; I. H. Duval, '67; 
Kendall, '97; P. Silman, 1901. The treas- T. M. Harris, '69; J. M. Ewing, Jan., '71; 
urer receipts for all moneys paid to the E. L. Wood, '75; Wm. F. Butler, '81; 
State and, by preserving his checks, has E. L. Wood, '85; B. H. Oxley, '90; J. A. 
' vouchers for what he pays out, about Holley, '93; J. W. M. Appleton, '97; S. B. 
two million dollars each year. Mr. Sil- Baker, 1901. Mr. Baker is a native of 
man is a native of Kanawha Co., and has Ohio, residing in Parkersburg, for 14 
been one of Charleston's prominent citi- years past manager of the State Jour- 
zens for many years past, serving as nal. A. S. Hutson, Asst. Adj. Genl., a 
sheriff and in other places of trust. He native of Piedmont, Mineral Co., in the of- 

— 40 — 




ii mm iiJjLiiiEiit 



i i. I 



Annex— When Complete. 

fice for four years past, holds over under a full course of mining at Columbia Uni- 
civil service rules. versify, graduated from the W. Va. Uni- 
J. L. Cole was the first librarian who versify, with degree of B. S. C. E., 1893. 
was not also ex-officio adjutant general. He was in mining engineering on New 
C. L. Hagan came 1891; E. L. Wood, '93; River prior to his appointment by Gov. 
Guy T. Scott, '97; P. S. Shirkey, '98; 1 Atkinson. Although a young official Mr. 
W. Starks, 1901. Mr. Starks is a native Paul has been energetic and his statis- 
o£ Charleston, formerly in the grocery tical work has added much to the knowl- 
trade and was appointed Mar. 4th of this edge of the mining industry of this State, 
year. The State Law Library occupies upon which about 150,000 people now de- 
two large rooms in the capitol and has pend for a livelihood. 
over 11,000 volumes of legal reference. 
James Arthur Jackson has been Assistant 
Librarian since May 1st. 

CHIEF MINE INSPECTOR— The de- 
partment of mine inspector was created 
in 1883, in consequence of the rapid ad- 
vances in mining, to promote a health- 



TRANSPORTATION 
FACILITIES. 

On pages 14 to 20 we give information 
about the rivers and boats, which are es- 
sential to Charleston's steady progres- 
ful condition of mines, see that all laws sion; but in these days of rapid move- 
for safety of miners are enforced, and col- ment it is even more so to have good rail- 
lect statistics relating to this growing in- road connections and this was first 
dustry. Prior to '97 each district inspec- brought to the Kanawha Valley through 
tor reported directly to the governor. J. the Chesapeake & Ohio which was built 
W. Paul was made chief inspector Apr. through this region in 1873, forming a 
20, '97, and was reappointed this year for direct connection from east to west, not 
a second term. Mr. Paul is a native of only giving a railroad outlet to the vast 
Newburg, Preston Co., and after taking mineral and timber wealth of this val- 

— 41 — 




C. & O. Freight Depot. 



ley but making an ideal route for tourists 
and health seekers. No other region in 
the world has a greater variety of sul- 
phur and mineral waters than along the 
C. & O. and few if any present better or 
more luxurious accomodations. Space will 
hardly permit of detail but the entire 666 
miles of main line with a dozen branches 
aggregating 432 miles, a total, of 1098 
miles, may well be termed" a tourists' 
route as the constant changing" scenery 
and attractions both of nature and art 
cannot fail to interest the most stupid. 
Eight passenger trains through Charles- 
ton daily, crowded with tourists and pros- 
pectors, give evidence of the popularity 
of the C. & 0., the ticket sales for the 
first quarter of 1901 from this office 
showing $111,742. 

The freight department at Charleston 
is a busy scene requiring 15 handlers and 
clerks, and averaging to load and unload 
over 800 cars per month for this city 
alone, consisting largely of wholesale 
groceries, meats, sugars, and merchan- 
dise, wood, coal, and bark to the Tan- 
ner's & Dyer's Extract Co.; extract sent 



out as well as machinery and castings by 
the Ward Engineering Works and the 
O. A. & W. T. Thayer's foundries. The 
freight business heie is in charge of L. H. 
Moseman, a native of Ohio, for 11 years 
with the C. & O., and 8 years in this of- 
fice. 

The management are ashamed of the old 
passenger depot and request that it be not 
iJlustrated, as it is soon to be replaced by a 
fne modern structure, in keeping with the 
excellencies of the road and the advance- 
ment of Charleston. C. M. Boren, pas- 
senger agt. at Charleston, came here with 
the present year from Ironton, O., the 
city of his nativity, and as passenger and 
ticket agent holds office in the W. U. 
Telegraph rooms. 

The Ohio Central Lines. 

The Sunday Creek R. R., built in 1879, 
Atlantic & Lake Erie, started prior to 
that time, and several other smaller in- 
terests, as well as the Toledo & Ohio Cen- 
tral and the Kanawha & Michigan are 
now known to the public as the Ohio 
Central Lines. The two latter with 



— 42 — 




K. & M. Freight Depot, Built 1900. 

through passenger and freight connec- tiai part of the State, undulating over 

tions under one management, maintain bridges and embankments, along larger 

distinct organizations, but work in uni- water ways, or through tunnels, to span 

son. The K. & M. was completed to the broad Ohio river at Point Pleasant, 

Charleston in 1883, and the route finished, over a bridge well up in the air in order 

by various consolidations, from Corning to clear the smoke stacks of passing" 

to Gauley, a distance of 163 miles, ten boats, continuing on a steel trestle above 

years later. There is now 583 miles in the house tops, over a portion of that 

the 0. C. L. system and branch lines are historic place; thence up the celebrated 

being built up Smithers Creek and Boom- Kanawha Valley, in sight of the wonder- 

ers Branch for accommodation to the ful system of locks and movable dams, 

rapidly developing coal interests of that shown on pages 12-17, through the capital 

region, which at this time is one of the city of W. Va., to Gauley Bridge, where 

most important coal mining sections of it connects with the Chesapeake & Ohio 

West Virginia, producing a high grade system from the east and south. Not 

of steam, domestic and gas coals. The only is the panorama of nature, with all 

O. C. L. system is being relaid with heavy the diversities between the level near the 

steel rails and it is the design of the lake, to the summit reached in the Alle- 

management to speedily replace all wood- ghanies, one of pleasure to the tourist, 

en bridges and trestles with substantial but the busy hum of industry at the nu- 

iron and stone structures. merous manufacturing cities reached by 

From a scenic point of view pretty this system is one of great interest to 

nearly everything in nature is found be- the thoughtful, while the engineering fea- 

tween Gauley, in the Alleghany Moun- tures, the magnificent public and private 

tains, and Toledo, on the Great Lakes, buildings found at the two state capi- 

This route passes through the redeemed tals and other large cities, the handsome 

dead level Black Swamp, of northern parks and other beauties of nature and 

Ohio, where the roadbed is for many art, are greatly enjoyed by the health 

miles straight as an arrow, thence trav- seeker and tourist. While nearly every 

ersing the smaller streams in the cen- standard article of commerce is made at 

— 43 — 



'OS\ij 














■ i i '-^snjj 


















• '"'"' ■ \c 




, A i 




i. ' "JT"" |\-\ 








// ■ '■■ ;. 




W®. 


i ■' \\/ ji 




- ;•. { 


.*• ■" -r ;•. *J 






K. & M. Bridge Over Elk. 



some place along this line, there is still 
room for more, and at Charleston in par- 
ticular there are excellent openings for 
factories using lumber, coal, coke, natural 
gas, fire-clay, glass-sand, hides, etc., in 
fact, substantial inducements and pros- 
pects for good profits are offered in many 
legitimate and standard lines. 

Last year the K. & M. erected the 
commodious freight depot, illustrated 
herewith, and the present season intends 



to build a handsome pressed brick pas- 
senger station, which will have tile floors 
and all modern conveniences. A large 
gathering yard is being fitted up at Quin- 
cy, 14 miles above Charleston, and 
ground for modern machine shops has 
been purchased at Hobson, near the cen- 
ter of the K. & M. division. The man- 
agement contemplates spending a million 
dollars in improvements on the K. & M. 
Railroad the present year. Every atten- 




Kanawha Falls on K. & M. R. R. 
— 44 — 



n^i,#- 










, aw g^Klte^Sg^;'-^-^^" 5 "*" " *°~ -".-"*" '--■■— 


•*. 


^M.(,<m.><v.iw^>M>mmii 


aaa^^strjIfe^^^'ntiWL.is..-. -*--*■•■ -"^ 



K. & M. Bridge at Gauley 

tion is given to 









E*S«rTtr 




m9HF 




^■yj JJ^jBRkratai^s. ^fa^^^Kr 


' ' it r^Wr'^fiffl 








IfcZ? - 




t&^'&S&h 














>^«i 




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^^^Wic 








•L 


~ X "~ \ 


' 



King Branch Falls. 

Charleston, Clendennin and 
Sutton. 

The Elk River has almost an inexhaus- 
tible supply of timber and milling wealth. 
As early as 1837 the steamboat Little Ka- 
nawha ascended to Queen Shoals and the 



the needs of the travel- 
ing public. 

The K. & M. freight business at Char- 
leston is one of no small moment, as the 
handlings for this city proper shows 
about 700 cars per month, largely of hay 
and feed, merchandise, etc. The whole- 
sale houses and manufactories send out 
about 150 cars per month, while the coal 
billed, by firms having offices in this city 
and nearby, averages 2,000 cars per 
month. The freight yards at this place 
receives some 600 cars per month from 
the C. C. & S. loaded with lumber, staves, 
bituminous and cannel coal. 

Moulton Houk, Genl. Pass'r Agt., re- 
sides at Toledo, while E. E. Heiner, of 
Charleston, is Pass'r Agent for the K. & 
M. railroad with offices in the Citizens' 
National Bank building. Mr. Heiner, is a 
native of Washington, O., and for 13 
years past on the K & M., having been 
promoted to his present position Sept. 
1, 1900. C. E. Fultz, Gen'l. Agent for 
the K. & M. is a native of Rushville, O., 
and in Charleston some 11 years past; W. 
G. Christmas, Supt, has been connected 
with this road for ten years; N. P. Baker, 
Genl. Road Master, for 15 years and R. 
W. Harris, Master Mechanic for several 
years past. 



— 45 — 



Paul Pry the following year, but navi- 
gation for commercial purposes was con- 
sidered impracticable. In 1891, some of 
the public spirited men of Charleston, 
realizing the great benefits to be derived 
both to this city and to points along the 
line, took out a charter for the above rail- 
road. The survey was made the follow- 
ing spring, a contract let for the section 
to Clendenin, which was completed early 
in '93 and train service put on. In the 
latter part of 1894. J. Wainwright, J. 
W. Drake, W. D. Stratton and other 
capitalists purchased a controlling in- 
terest and the line was extended to Clay 
Court House, 32 miles distant, in '95-6. 
An addition of 12 miles is now in pro- 
cess of construction to Big Otter Creek, 
which will make 64 miles that will soon 
be in operation, and it is believed that 
the connecting link, of 36 miles, between 
there and Sutton, will soon be made. 
Communication with the B. & 0. system 



at Sutton would make a short cut to 
Parkersburg, Pittsburg, as well as to 
any point north, east, or west. N. T. 
Arnold, of Ridgway, Pa., recently pur- 
chased 24,000 acres of coal land in that 
vicinity and with others is building a 
railroad from Bellington to Clarksburg. 
Ihese roads are essential to the Penna. 
R. R. interests, and it is believed in com- 
mercial centers that the connecting link 
oi the C. C. & S. will promptly be com- 
pleted. 

The C. C. & S., although not a long 
line is rapidly becoming a very impor- 
tant one, as it penetrates probably the 
largest tract of hard wood forest to be 
found in the U. S., where some 400,000 
acres of oak, poplar, and other woods 
become accessible. Among the large 
lumber firms along this line are W. S. 
Lewis, L. E. Burdette, and C. L. Ritter 
Co., of this city, the Clay Lumber Co., 
Leatherwood Lumbar Co., Davis S. Col- 




C.> C. & S. Depot, at Charleston. 
— 46 — 




Elk River Collieries at Queen Shoals 

lins Co., which latter interest alone ex- 250 tons a day of fine steam and domes- 
tends for ten miles along this route., tic or cokeing coal. Some 50 men are 
operating seven mills and handling all now employed which number will be 
kinds of hard and soft wood lumber, rapidly increased and by end of the pres- 
hewn and sawed, oak ties, etc. The Nar- ent year will be doubled. The company 
row Gauge R. R. of W. S. Lewis, which owns 800 acres at this point, the seam 
runs some 24 miles into the forests on being about iV 2 feet in what is known 
tne north side of Elk river, connects by as the No. 5. M. Beane of Charleston 
ferry with the C. C. & S. at Shelly June- is the efficient superintendent. 



tion and brings out immense quantities 
of staves and other forest products to 
this line. 

The environments of the Elk are not 
precipitous, as the hills are usually gen- 
tle inclines and a fair share of them are 
tillable when the virgin forests are re- 
moved. There are numerous connecting 
streams which form easy roadways and 
outlets to the uplands. There are sev- 
eral ideal picnic groves; growing vil- 
lages at Clendennin, Reamer, Queen 
Shoals. Porters. Shelton, Big Beechy and 
elsewhere. 



CLAY LUMBER CO. is running three 
mills at Porter's Creek. A new circle 
with capacity of 25,000 ft. has recently 
been completed, making three mills with 
an output of 65,000 feet of lumber per 
day. The company has 22 miles of steel 
log roads and three locomotives, using 
in the several departments 225 men, un- 
der charge of Peter Carroll, who is one 
of the original organizers. The product 
here is principally oak, poplar, and other 
hard wood lumber which is shipped di- 
rect to customers all over the country. 



The company holds property valued 
ELK RIVER COLLIERIES CO. at above $100,000 and has reached the most 
Queen Shoals has a pretty mining village sanguine expectations of its promoters, 
which will doubtless become of con- Burkett & Edwards have a mill at Big 
siderable importance. The business Beechy with 20,000 ft. capacity per day. 
started 1898 now has an output of about This was erected by Meeker & Melton 



— 47 — 




Clay Court House. 

some two years since and leased by the mous and cannel coal, and there is per- 



present parties Feb., 1901. There are 
three miles of tramway here and the lum- 
ber product is handled by D. S. Collins 
& Co. 

CLAY COURT HOUSE— At the old ter- 
minus of the line nestles among the 
picturesque hills of Elk the important 
village and shire town of Clay county. 
Although but 500 inhabitants it is a dis- 
tributing centre for a large scope of coun- 
try, and its merchants depend upon the 
C. C. & S. and Charleston as a base of 
supplies. The people of that country are 
not idle as more than 200 car loads of 
lumber, telegraph poles, staves, and 
other wood products are billed monthly 
from Clay. "We give herewith a good 
bird's eye view of the principal street. 

Not only do all the above products find 
exit over the C. C. & S. through Charles- 
ton, but there are several excellent coal 
mines, furnishing a fine grade of bitu- 



haps not another road in the U. S. of 52 
miles in length, that handles the freight 
cars of so many different roads as does 
the C. C. & S., for it ships lumber as 
far west as Minnesota, as far east as 
Maine, and to all the intervening states. 
The management has recently added 20 
new freight cars, from the Am. Car & 
Foundry Co. and an order is now in for 
100 40-ton coal cars, to supply the de- 
mand of the opening mines along the 
line. A passenger train leaves Charles- 
ton at 7:30 each morning, and Clay C. H. 
fo;r Charleston at 2:15. The officers are 
J. Wainwright, Gen. Manager, of Phil- 
aelphia; W. D. Stratton, Pres, of New 
York; C. C. Lewis, Sr., V.-Pres., of 
Charleston; Pierre W. Bnggs, Treas., of 
New York; W. A. MacCorkle, Genl. 
Counsel, of Charleston, to whose tact and 
persistence, the extensions are largely 
due; and C. K. McDermott, Genl. Supt., 
who has been with the road from its in- 



— 48 



cipiency, residing in Charleston since 
1872. Queen Shoals and Porter Sta. will 
be illustrated on pages 66-7. 

CAMPBELL'S CREEK R. R.— This 
road commenced in 18C5 by the Camp- 
bell's Creek Coal Co., has been extend- 
ed from time to time u*> the creek from 
Dana and with the present year has been 
chartered as a common carrier, thirteen 
miles surveyed and under construction. 
AlS Dana is but five miles distant from 
Charleston and the leading officials of 
the road reside here, it is considered a 
factor in the general upbuilding. The 
Campbell's Creek Coal Co. has been in 
operation for 38 years, during which time 
it has produced nearly 50,000,000 bush- 
els of coal. It has recently leased 1,354 
acres additional lands and expects to 
continue production at the rate of three 
to five million bushels per year. The 
firm have nearly 400 men employed. M. 
W. Venable, the engineer in charge of 



railroad building, is an accomplished 
civil engineer with office at 56 Capitol 
St.; and Ed. Knight, the attorney, is of 
the firm Brown, Jackson & Knight, no- 
ticed under legal profession. J. E. Dana, 
Pies., is a native of N. Y., with the 
Campbell's Creek Coal Co. from its start 
and for 16 years past a resident of 
Charleston. 

THE CHARLESTON TRACTION CO.— 
In 1897 T. J. Carmack, of Cleveland, pur- 
chased the old horse car track and fran- 
chise and shortly afterward the Charles- 
ton Traction Co. was incorporated with 
$100,000 capital stock. The new com- 
pany rent power from the Charleston Gas 
^r Electric Co., has five miles of track 
and four motor cars. An office and barn 
has been erected on the West Side and 
Russell A. Brown of Cleveland, who be- 
came the principal owner two years since 
contemplates extensive improvements to 
the line, which are very much needed as 
the present rolling stock is out of date. 




Clendennin, on the C, C. & S. Ry. 

— 4y — 




Union School,- Erected J 892. 



Educational Interests. 

It is recorded as a matter of history 
that Sir Wm. Berkley, governor of Vir- 
ginia, in 1670, on a report of the condi- 
tion of the colony, said: "Thank God! 
there are no free sehools or printing 
presses and I hope there will be none for 
a hundred years; for learning has brought 
disobedience, heresy and sects into the 
world, and printing has divulged these 
and other libels." The governor's desire 
for a hundred years of ignorance was well 
attained, but with freedom from the Brit- 
ish yoke the United States took on pro- 
gression and the legislature of Virginia, 
in 1796, passed an act authorizing the 
county courts to build school houses, for 
the education of children from 6_ to 16 
years of age, whenever the voters should 
so elect, but this became a dead letter 
because of the indifference of the popu- 
lace. In 1808, an act was passed to use 
the funds from the sale of the glebe on 



church lands to maintain free schools, 
which for a long time were attended only 
by those whose parents were too poor 
to pay their tuition at academies or pri- 
vate schools. Acts were passed, in 1836 
and again in '46, amending the school 
laws, and in 1847, the system was quite 
well perfected; but public education never 
became popular in this section until the 
formation of West Virginia in 1863, and 
resultant changes from the new condi- 
tion of affairs subsequent to the civil 
war. 

EARLY SCHOOLS.— Among those who 
taught in Charleston prior to 1850 were 
Lewis Ruffner, Hank VanMetre, John 
Hereford, Joseph Springer, Fannie Thay- 
er, Jacob Gibbs and others. Col. David 
Ruffner organized the Mercer Academy, 
Feb., 1818, and deeded the lot on which 
the First Presbyterian church now stands 
to the purposes of religion and education. 
A building was erected that year and a 



— 50 — 




Mercer School, Built 1888. 



liberal course of education maintained, 
in what was practically Charleston's only 
school prior to 1864. H. P. Gaines was 
an early teacher of note in the academy. 
The building was partly burned in '64, 
but repaired and used by the U. S. Army 
as a guard-house till July, '65. It was 
then used by the negroes for a church 
and school house. On legal contest the 
title was given to the board of educa- 
tion, which sold to the present owners 
and the proceeds went toward the pur- 
chase of the Mercer school lot, and per- 
petuates the original name, given in 
honor of Genl. Mercer of Revolutionary 
fame. 

Many older citizens still longed for the 
academic school and in 1867 J. McC. 
Blaney and others chartered the Charles- 
ton Institute, which flourished till about 
'73, when the growing efficiency of the 
public schools superseded its necessity. 
Dr. J. C. Ban* became principal of the 
institute '68, and N. G. Geddes associated 



in '69. Prof. B. Gans had charge '71-3. 
The building, which occupied the Sum- 
mers St. end of the Government lot, was 
burned about 1875. 

PUBLIC SCHOOLS.— A public school 
was opened in 1864, in the basement of 
the Virginia St. M. E. Church, by J. T. 
Brodt, who was succeeded in '66 by Mr. 
Steele, and after a few months by C. P. 
Snyder, who taught till '69. On the north 
side of town John Shepperd commenced 
in '65; Rev. John Connors, '67-9. Olive 
Swallow, from Ohio, oraved Southern 
opinion and opened a public school for 
the negro children, 1864, succeeded by 
Mr. and Mrs. Sharpe, and they by Wm. 
H. Davis who continued m '89. The bet- 
ter citizens of Charleston united upon 
the school question in 1868 and the fol- 
lowing year a two-story brick structure, 
having four common and two large 
rooms, was erected as the nucleus for 
the Union school. This was opened with 



51 — 



wk 


\ y* } 


1 

111 / 

|| ■ »■ .'Ma. Wk 


MtAcn yafiA '■ flR£l 




9 v 

BPI 1 • <1*/ 
EU 1 j 






-'*^'B jKriv *yi 



Lincoln School, Erected J 898. 

Smart & Tingley as pripcipals, '69, Major superintendent's office are kept in this 
Rudd, '70; A. B. Jones, '71; John Dod- building; but with the erection of a High 
dridge, '72; S. H. Patrick, '73-8. Prof. School of modern design, now in con- 
Patrick arranged a graded course, start- templation, will be removed to the new 
ed a high school about 1874, with Nannie structure, and relieve the crowded con- 
V. Noyes principal. In 1876 Geo. S. Laid- dition of the other departments. The 
ley succeeded as principal, and in '78 he Mercer school, erected in 1888, at a cost 
was elected as superintendent. After of about $40,000, is a three story, twelve 
three years he gave place to C. H. Smart room building, containing a commodious 
for two years, and was again returned auditorium which seats from 700 to 800 
to the charge in '83, since which time he persons, and the structure is well adapted 
has been continuous at the helm, having to school purposes. Lincoln school on 

the the West Side is a modern ten room 
structure which was erected in 1898 at a 
cost of $23,000. It is of pressed brick, 
has steel ceilings, is on an up-to-date 
plan and the basement is well lighted 



experience m 



now had 23 years 
Charleston schools. 

While Charleston has no universities 
nor colleges, except the Commercial, it 
may well be proud of its public schools, 
which are seldon equaled by a city of this and ventilated. Erected at a moderate 
size and represent property valued at cost for its size and excellence it reflects 



$180,000. The largest building is the 
Union on State St., which was erected in 
1892, and has cost above $70,000. This is 



much credit upon the board who super- 
vised the same. The Elk is a two story, 
four room, frame building, also on the 



three stories in height, containing 21 West Side, while the Garnett in the Sixth 
recitation rooms. The high school and ward is a two story, eight rom, brick, for 

— 52 - 




Garnett School, Built 1890. 

colored pupils, erected in 1890 at a cost college preparatory. The Board of Edu- 
of $10,000. The Ruffner school in the cation are A. T. Cabell, J. E. Chamber- 
Seventh ward is a four room frame, and lain . Joel Cottrell, Geo. R. Jacobs, H. B. 
the board have a two room building on Lewis, Geo. Minsker, N. B. Swarr, J. R. 
Sage St. rented, for the use of colored Tnomas - and R. B. Cassady, reducing 



pupils. 

The enrolment for 1900 showed 2671 
pupils of whom 421 were colored. The 



the number from eleven to nine. L. L. 
Price is the efficient secretary of the 
board, Geo. Minsker president. 

CAPITAL CITY COMMERCIAL COL- 

enumeration for this year shows 2,99 1 T -cmm T ,, „ 

LEGE— In these days of rapid business 
whites of school age and 637 colored, development and specialties in life, the 
making a total of 3.634. Supt. Geo. S. business college is a necessity to the 
Laidley is a native of this city, a gradu- young man or woman who would succeed 
ate of the West Virginia University, class in the commercial world, and Charleston 
of 1876, and has been, since 1883, con- i s favored with a Commercial College, un- 
secutively in charge of the Charleston der the management of a man who haa 
public schools, which are a credit to his had fifteen years' experience in this spec- 
management and the progressive Board ial line of educational work. This school 
of Education. The gradations consist was established in 1892 by W. B. Elliott, 
of eight subdivisions before entrance to and from a small beginning, has pushed 
the four year High School course. The its way to the front in business education, 
first graduates were Mattie Brown and The college now occupies two entire floors 
Mary E. Jones in '79, since which 122 of the new Coyle & Richardson building, 
have been graduated. The primary, in- Nos. 312 and 314 Quarrier street. As an 
termediate, and grammar gradss include outgrowth of this institution, two other 
all the common studies, as well as phy- prospective schools have been established 
siology and hygiene, civil government, in W . Va.. the Elliott School of Business 
calisthenics, vocal music and drawing, and Shorthand. Wheeling, and the Elliott 
while the High School presents a four Commercial College, Fairmont. These 
year curriculum which is practical and schools are all under the direct Tanage- 

— 53 — 




Brick Row on S. S. Virginia Street. 



ment of Mr. Elliott, and the unusual suc- 
cess of these institutions is the best evi- 
dence of the thoroughness of the work 
done. 

The term of school here is continuous, 
students entering at any time of the year 



ent Daily Mail and Gazette were started. 
The first of which we find record was the 
Kanawha Patriot, started by H. P. Gain-33 
in 1819; subsequent to which a score of 
short-lived journals were started prior to 
the sixties. In May, '56, Rundal, Merrill 



and each taking up his work according to & Kennedy, from Buffalo, W. Va., started 
his capability. Students are constantly 
coming and going, as positions are availa- 
ble whenever the student has become pro- 
ficient. Complete Commercial and Short- 
hand and Typewriting courses are given, 
a complete scholarship costing $45 5n 
either department. Further information 
may be had by addressing the Capital City 
Commercial College, Charleston, W. Vh., 
and we are sure you will be liberally dealt 
with and properly cared for if you attend 
this institution. 



THE PRESS — A well conducted news- 
paper is a powerful educator and the 
press properly comes under educational 
matters. Charleston, however, has been a 
grave yard for newspapers, no journal ex- 
cepting the Kanawha Republican having 
lived more than ten years, until the pres- 



the Kanawha Valley Star, which lived five 
years. The W. Va. Journal was started in 
'64 by S. S. & E. T. Moore. G. W. Atkin- 
son, now ex-Governor, purchased an in- 
terest in '69 and in '71 A. F. Gibbec.3 
bought in and it was published by Gi'o- 
bens, Atkinson & Co. until it reverted to 
S. S. Moore & Bro., '76, who continued it a 
year. The W. Va. Courier was started in 
'70 by H. S. Walker, and continued for 
some time to be a paper of large impor- 
tance. The Kanawha Daily in '71 was 
the first attempt in that line. It was 
merged with the Courier shortly after- 
wards, and changed to a tri-weekly in '73. 
Liggett & Burdette purchased the office m 
'78 and continued the Courier two years. 
Liggett & Foster started the Greenback 
League in '80, changing to Charleston 
News in '81, which suspended '82. The 



— 54 — 



3nH 


^^^^SP^^^^H 


tM&iFr 






* 




'. --.jQHBHP iaiVjJtV5^- - * m _<^^9 Hub 


> • .. — - 7» «^ 



Old Piers at Gauley on K. & M. 



Charleston Herald started by J. B. Walker 
'70, continued two years. Couch Bros, 
published the Temperance Star four 
months in '74. The Nonpariel, started In 
'77 by J. V. Henderson, continued for some 
time. R. H. Freer began the Charleston 
Leader '78, which in '80 was purchased by 
Irwin & Cracraft. The Daily Leader com- 
menced Mar. 5, '83, lived for a short time. 
There have been numerous religious, so- 
ciety and other journals of short duration. 
THE KANAWHA GAZETTE is a suc- 
cessor of the Kanawha Chronicle, which 
was started in 1872 by Chas. B. Webb. 
After five years the office was purchased 
by Pemberton & Jarreti. and the name 
changed to the Kanawha Gazette. In '79 
Pemberton became sole proprietor and 
Jan. 12, '83, sold a half interest to Moses 
W. Donnally. A daily was issued for a 
week in '84, hut discontinued. In '88 Mr 
Donnally, having acquired the entire in- 
terest, commenced the daily, which he 
continued until the plant was sold to Col 
O'Brien Moore in '97. The interest wa3 
incorporated as the Gazette Co. in '98 and 
in Apr., '01, Mr. Donnally became business 



with a Cox Duplex press, capacity of 6,500 
papers, printed, pasted and folded per 
hour, the Gazette has become an impor- 
tant factor in Charleston's progressive 
march. George Byrne, editor of the Ga- 
zette, is a practical newspaper man an1 
knows well how to wield the pen and 
scissors for this Democratic daily and 
weekly. The Donnally Publishing Co. and 
Gazette together employ about 50 hands 
in the various departments and are pre- 
pared to turn out anything in the publish- 
ing line. 

THE DAILY MAIL traces its start back 
to the Evening Call, May, '81, by Swann 
& Warren. George Byrne Mar., '83, pur- 
chased Swann's interest, Warren died the 
following Oct. and Jan. '84, the office was 
purchased by Mr. White, who changed the 
name to Charleston Daily Times. J. II 
Starr purchased the office in '86, renamed 
the paper Star and consolidated with the 
Tribune, making Star-Tribune. The State 
Tribune had been started Sept. 17, '81, by 
A. F. Gibbens. He sold to M. B. Reber 
who continued till the Tribune Company 
was organized. The evening Mail wis 



manager, the paper having been changed started in '93 by F. R. Swann, who a year 
to an evening daily, the office removed to later sold to Jarrett & Floyd. M. W. Don- 
the Donnally Publishing Co. quarters at nally purchased this through trustee's 
305 Kanawha St., a new dress put on, and sale in '97 and shortly afterwards sold it 

— 55 — 



to the Tribune Company, which was in • 
corporated Dec, 1897, and March, '92, 
effected a consolidation of the Daily Eve- 
ning Mail with the Weekly Tribune, mak- 
ing the Mail-Tribune. After passing 
through various reverses the Mail-Tribune 
was purchased June 20th, 1901, and a 
charter issued to the Charleston Daily 
Mail Publishing Co., E. C. Colcord, R. B. 
Cassady, J. E. Dana, N. S. Burlew and L. 
E. McWhorter becoming proprietors. E. 
E. Hood is editor and Hugh F. Kyle has 
charge of the city department. 

The Tribune Company still continues a 
complete job printing establishment at 
No. 79 Capitol street. 

W. VA. SCHOOL JOURNAL was started 
in 1874, but not fully established until 
Nov., '81, from which date it takes its 
volume and number. T. B. McCain was 
first editor, B. L. Butcher and John M. 
Birch, managers. It was established wit'i 
the view of giving the freshest school 
news from all parts of the State, and as 
an official organ of the State Supt. of Free 
Schools. It gives special day exercises, 
unique problems and answers, teachers' 
institute programmes, and many other 
features of great value to teachers. Hav- 
ing now been regularly published in 
Charleston for 20 years, it is recognizer! 
as one of the fixtures of this place. Sta!-3 
Supt. Thomas C .Miller, editor, is men- 
tioned under State officials. M. P. Shaw- 
key, assistant editor and business man- 
ager, is a native of Jefferson Co., Pa, 
graduated from the Ohio Wesleyan Uni- 
versity, 1894, and taught in the W. Va. 
Conference Seminary two years prior to 
having been appointed chief clerk in the 
Dept. of Free Schools of W. Va., March 
'97. The School Journal is published 
monthly, has a bona fide subscription list 
of nearly 5,000, and is read by a large 
majority of the progressive teachers in 
the State. Its pages (type matter) are 
5x8 in. and sold to advertisers at the low 




M. E. Church, South. 

rate of $85 per year, or $25 for 3 mo. Sub- 
scription price to the Journal is $1 per 
year. For further information address 
the manager. 

THE W. VA. HISTORICAL MAGAZINE 
was started the present year as the offi- 
cial journal of the Historical and Anti- 
quarian Society, of which Dr. J. P. Hale 
was the prime mover and is editor. It 
was organized in 1890 and chartered Feb., 
1891. Books and donations of a historical 
nature were called for and the society 
succeeded in obtaining possession of the 
W. Va. Centennial Exhibit and had it vp- 
moved to the State House. This, together 
with the library which has accumulated, 
will have better rooms in the Annex wl^n 
that building is completed. The present 
officers of the society are J. P. Hal«, 
Pres.; Rev. R. D. Roller, D. D., Gen'l. 
Sec; Hon. G. W. Patton, Treas.; Joseph 
Ruftner, Chrm. Executive Board; J. W. 
Paul, Sec. 

The Kanawha Valley Democrat was 
started about March, '95, by Perry & Dad- 
ley and has been since conducted as a 



— 56 



weekly, being now owned by J. W. Dud- 
ley & Co., at 286 Kanawha St., up-stairs. 
It circulates in the rural districts of rhf 
Kanawha and Elk Valleys. 

S. W. Nichols & Co. are running a book 
and job office at the corner of Virginia 
and Summers St. F. W. Snyder, manager. 

S. S. Moore & Co. have a job printing 
office in connection with their book store 
No. 50 Capitol St. 

R. W. Vandale & Co. have a job office 
at the corner of Quarrier and McFarlan 1 
Sts. Mr. Vandale is a native of Roane Co , 
fourteen years in Charleston, formerly in 
the book business, from which he gradu- 
ally drifted into job printing and now ha^ 
good facilities in that line. 

MANUFACTURING. 

It is generally known that no other 
interest gives to a city the importance 
and permanence that may be gained by 
diversified manufacturing and for the 
purpose of extending those interests these 
pages have been compiled. Our Chamber 
of Commerce believes that the city should 
make every reasonable concession towards 
the industries here, which are using tne 



raw material of the valley and disbursing 
large amounts to the laboring classes. 
While Charleston has a goodly number 
of industrial concerns, there is abundance 
of room for more, and our transporta- 
tional, mineral and educational advan- 
tages shown on pages 10-17 and 41-55, to- 
gether with reasons given on pages 33-6 
and ocher places in this work, will doubt- 
less awaken prospectors to an investiga- 
tion of Charleston's merits. That it has 
many superior features is cleaily shown 
in this pamphlet, and with the financial 
aid that can be secured here for legiti- 
mate enterprises there is every reason to 
believe that the early years of the twenti- 
eth century will be prosperous ones to the 
capital city of W. Va. Following we give 
some plain matters of detail regarding in- 
dustrial concerns now doing business in 
Charleston and its suburbs: 

Miscellaneous Manufacturing. 

THE CHARLESTON WATER CO.— 
Good water works are a necessary ad- 
junct to the manufacturing, sanitary, fire 
protection and other progressive features 
of a city, and the Charleston plant com- 
menced in 1884 was completed the follow- 




Manufacturing Site — Petersburg. 
-57 — 




Water Works 

ing year, now having about 25 miles of 
mains. Its two Dean pumps of 1,500,000 
gallon daily capacity proved insufficient 
for a bountiful supply and five years since 
a McGowan pump of 3,000,000 capacity 
was added, which enables the company 
to meet every demand. A reservoir of a 
million gallon capacity is located on the 
adjoining hill and ground has been broken 
for one four times as large, but the sup- 
ply is principally sent direct through the 
mains and the average pressure of 60 lbs. 
is increased to 115 lbs. when a fire or 
other emergency necessitates it. Above 
80 fire plugs are scattered at convenient 
distances throughout the city. The pump 
station, illustrated herewith, is on the 
east bank of the Elk, and supplied with 
five of the celebrated Levi filters, which 
are the invention of Mr. Levi, who has 
been superintendent of the machinery 
since the plant was first installed. This 
device is the most perfect sand filter yet 
Invented, having many points of superior- 
ity over the Hyatt, Jewell and other stand- 



Pumping; Station. 

ard filters, for large water supply. All 
the perforated plates of any Levi filter 
can be cleaned or renewed in a few min- 
utes, avoiding the usual expense of other 
filters in shutting down and digging out 
the impacted sand. 

Judge Jas. H. Brown, who died Oct. 28, 
1900, was president of the water companv 
for several years; B. W. Knight is vice- 
president; W. S. Laidley, secreiaiy; Frank 
Woodman, superintendent and treasurer. 
Meter rates for manufacturing purposes 
are made from 12y 2 to 30 cts. per 1,000 
gallons, according to amount used. The 
maximum price for all purposes is gov- 
erned by contract with the city. 

CHARLESTON GAS & ELECTRIC CO. 
A gas plant was started in this city in 
1871 by Chas. Ward and about 1880 was 
reorganized by E. B. Knight and others. 
The Kanawha Electric Co. was organized 
in '87, capital stock $50,000, Philip Frank- 
enberger and O. H. Michaelson, principal 
owners. In 1891 the above interests were 



— 58 — 




Electric Power and Light Plant. 

merged and capital stocK made $200,000. place. Started by Solomon Minsker, in 

The gas plant has 6 miles of mains and 1862, as an adjunct to the flour mill, where 

supplies the principal residences, stores, now stands the Silman milling plant, it 

halls and public buildings with a portion had a steady increase, and the present 

of the illumination. The electric plant factory was erected in 1874. This required 

has a capacity for 180 arc lights, a part a large additional outlay, and Frank 

of which is taken by the city and a part Woodman, who was born in Wis. in 1846, 

by individuals and firms. Its incandescent of New England parentage, and who was 

dynamos supply 2,000 lights, which are following the profession of civil engineer, 

usually taken by contract, ranging from became interested in 1875 and shortly 

a minimum of 25 cts. to $1 per month, afterwards purchased the plant, of which 

according to number of lights used and he continues to be principal owner, after 

hours kept burning. This plant furnishes more than a quarter of a century. Under 

power for the Charleston Traction Co. the present management the main brick 

and for a number of small electric motors, factory, 63x100 ft., was raised another 

Its officers are Frank Woodman, Pres.: story, a lean-to added to the machine and 

W. S. Laidley, Sec; J. A. deGruyter, storage department, which is 50x90 ft., 

Treas.; J. H. Hatcher, Supt. Office is in and a frame store room 25x63 ft. erected, 

Burlew Opera House. doubling the former capacity. More than 

1,000 spindles and 29 looms are kept in 

KANAWHA WOOLEN MILLS — Among operation in the production of flannels 

the oldest successful industrial concerns and blankets in which 60 hands find em- 

of this city the above takes a prominent ployment and the output reaches $75,000 

— 59 — 




Kanawha Woolen 

per year. The plant consumes 200,000 ibi 
of raw material each year, about two 
thirds of the wool used being W. Va 
grown and one-third secured in the West. 
There is abundance of sheep grazing lands 
in this section and every reason why no.; 
only this but many other mills might be 
supplied by the home product. Solomon 
Minsker, Supt., is a mechanic of rare 
genius and arduous in his labors; Geo. 
Minsker, Pres., is a native of Charleston 
and son of the original proprietor, while 
Frank Woodman is Sec.-Treas. With his 
varied interests here Mr. Woodman is too 
well known to need an extended mention, 
but suffice to say that in addition to being 
principal owner in the Glen Elk Furni- 
ture Co., Vulcan Iron Works, Burlew 
Opera House, Charleston Gas & Electric 
Co. and Water Works Co., he holds a 
large interest in the Dawley Furniture 
Co. (Wholesale), Brooks Meade & Co. 
(installment 'business), the Kanawha 
Brick Co., Donaldson Lumber Co., mining 
interests in Colorado, is treasurer of the 
Mountain Lake Land Co., which owns 50. 
000 acres of iron ore property, and has 
various other interests which we have 



Mills, Built \ 874. 

not space to detail. Mr. Woodr.un iias 
done a full share towards Charleston's 
progression and beautification, and haa 
all citizens here of like means shown a 
comparative interest in her upbuilding tiie 
city would unquestionably be progressive. 
We illustrate herewith his handsome 
home on Kanawha St., erected some ten 
years ago. 

THE TANNER'S AND DYER'S EX- 
TRACT CO. — A business of no mean im- 
portance to Charleston is done by the 
above company which was organized ten 
years ago and secured a 11 -acre site ad 
joining the C. & O. R. R., 1% miles below 
the Kanawha bridge, where buildings 
were erected and fitted for the extract 
business. In 1894 the buildings were de- 
stroyed by fire, but at once rebuilt with 
double the former capacity. For several 
years about 20 bbls. per day was the out- 
put, while at present 65 bbls., a full car- 
load, is turned out each day. The product 
is concentrated and refined extract of 
Chestnut Oak bark and wood for tanners. 
Quercitron and Sumac extracts for dyeing 
and printing. The entire products of the 



60 




Tanners and Dyers Extract Works. 



firm are consumed by less than half a 
hundred large tanning and dyehouse 
firms, some of which are In Gormany, 
Russia, Australia and other foreign lands 
The Tanner's & Dyer's Extract Co., of 
Charleston has authorized capital of 
$200,000, 108,000 of which is paid in, and 
the plant with all its appurtenances is 
valued considerably above the latter fig- 
ure. Employment is given to about 50 
hands here, besides the >arge numl.er who 
fnd work in shipping barks and woods to 
the plant, which consumes an average of 
5 cars per day of raw material and in 
addition to the waste used as fuel a car- 
load of coal per day is also burned, which 
with the finished product makes a hand- 
ling of about 2,000 cars per year for this 
company alone. The raw materials for 
this company are secured from the bound- 
less resources of the Kanawha and Elk 
"'alleys, by rail and river, and its financial 



income largely goes to the benefit of the 
merchants, mechanics and laborers of 
this vicinity. With thousands of hides 
shipped from the Kanawha valley annual- 
ly to distant points and all the necessar- 
ies for tanning industries to be found in 
this region it would appear that a large 
tannery might be successfully conducted 
in Charleston. The continued and in- 
creasing success of the above firm is 
pleasing to Charlestonians, and a credit 
to the men who are conducting its opera- 
tions. H. N. Gilt, of Hanover, Pa., is 
Pres. and Treas.; Louis A. Glaser, of 
Charleston, Sec, and W. P. Stine, of Char- 
leston, Gen'l. Manager. Mr. Stine is a 
native of Hanover, Pa., residing in Char- 
leston for ten years past. 

The plant shown herewith was half 
burned June 30, 1901, and has been rebuilt 
on a larger scale, increasing the output to 
above 80 bbls. per day. 



— 61 — 




Diamond Ice and Cold Storage. 

DIAMOND ICE AND COAL CO.— The and assistants make it their aim at all 

Diamond Ice Co. was incorporated in 1883 times to give prompt and satisfactory ser- 

and the business was very much extended vice to their many patrons. F. M. Staun- 

ana reincorporated in 1891 as the Diamond ton, Pres., is a native Charlestonian "and 

Ice & Coal Co. This company began with with the ice company from its start. I. N. 

a small machine, of 5 tons capacity and Smith, Sec.-Treas., also a native of the 

has extended and enlarged it's plant to city, has been for several years connected 

keep pace with the increasing demand in with the company. 

trade until it now has a capacity of 100 SILMAN MILLING CO.— A mill was 

tons, and is one of the best equipped and built on Kanawha street near Elk river 

most modern ice plants to be found nearly 50 years ago, in the seventies, was 

in the country. As natural ice is a very run by Minsker & Co., and in 1885 was 

uncertain crop in this latitude the enter- incorporated as the L. A. Carr Milling 

prise has received a liberal encourage- C o. At that time it was remodeled into 



ment from the start. 



a modern mill, with 22 sets of rolls for 



Its coal business has kept pace with the wh eat and 6 for corn, at an expense above 

ice business so that it has one of the larg- $25,000. In 1897 it was reincorporated as 

est and best equipped coal yards in the the Silman Milling Co., capital $25,000, 

community. The company has recently and in 1900 was leased by the Wholesale 

built a cold storage house that is up to Produce Co,, which operates it at present, 

date in all of its equipments and one of holding offices at 312-14 Virginia street, 

the largest in this part of the country. The mill is furnished with labor-saving 

With a capacity of 150,000 cu. ft., and with devices and has a capacity of 200 bbls. of 

a ventilating apparatus that will at all flour and 1,000 bu. of corn in 24 hours, 

times guarantee pure dry air, it has been The wheat used is secured from W. Va. 

fitted to accommodate all kinds of goods, and Ohio and the product is sold locally. 

The factory and cold storage building are In the mill and office some 15 men find 

located on the Elk river and K. & M. rail- employment. 

road, and the coal yards on the corner of THE KANAWHA BRICK CO. was in- 

Capitol and Dryden sts. The management corporated Jan. 1, 1889, and has in op- 




Lumber District Along the Elk. 



ei ation on the South Side, a half mile 
ahove the bridge, a modern brick plant. 
Natural gas is used for burning, and with 
a capacity of 25,000 brick per day the 
company can scarcely keep pace with its 
orders. Most of our paved streets and 
many large buildings have secured their 
brick from this plant. The company have 
arother yard just above Devereux Lumber 
Co., on Elk. W. D. Isaac, Pres. and M'g'r, 
has been in the business for a score of 
years. Frank "Woodman is Sec.-Treas. 

Lumber Industries. 

DEVEREUX LUMBER CO.— The busi- 
ness of this now prominent company was 
founded by A. Devereux, Jr., some Ave 
years previous to the incorporation of the 
present concern, in 1889, with a capital of 
$90,000. Mr. Devereux became president 
of the new corporation, A. W. Watrous, a 
Michigan lumber man of twenty years ex- 
perience, vice-president, and W. F. Cal- 
breath, secretary. Under past and present 



managements, the business has been a 
success and shipments are made to job- 
bers in all points of the country, aver- 
aging 800,000 to 1,000,000 ft. monthly. The 
modern band mill, located on the Elk 
River, with side tracks from the K. & M., 
1 as a capacity of 30,000 ft. per day. The 
plant is thoroughly equipped in every de- 
tail, having ten acres well covered with 
the shipping houses and lumber yards, 
steel tracks and tram way cars, with all 
the latest improvements, and a Sturdevant 
dry kiln with a capacity of 200,000 ft. 
daily. The plant is lighted by both the 
arc and incandescent system and in its 
various departments gives employment to 
from 60 to 70 men. G. W. Stockly, Pres.- 
Treas., of Lake Wood, N. J., holds offices 
ar 415 Lexington Ave., N. Y.; A. W. 
IVatrous, V. P.. is a native of Ashtabula, 
O., and in the lumber business in Michi- 
gan and at Charleston prior to the forma- 
tion of the above company; I. E. Hodge, 
Sec, is a native of Middleport, O., has 



- r 63 — 





Devereux Lumber Company. 



been in Charleston a dozen years and with 
this company since '92. The Devereux 
Lumber Co. has aone an extensive busi- 
ness and assisted largely in Charleston's 
continued success. 

DANIELS & COLLIN CO.— This com- 
pany leased the old Bradford plant on 



Bullitt St. and C, C. & S. R. R. Apr. '99, 
and equipped it throughout with new plan- 
ing mill machinery. The product handled 
is rough and dressed poplar and oak lum- 
ber, of which above 1,500,000 ft., about 
one-third of which is dressed, is sold 
monthly at wholesale, principally to deal- 




Daniels l & Collin Company. 

— 64 — 




New Mill of Knight Lumber Company. 



eis in the middle states. The Charleston 
tranch house gives employment to about 
30 men, and pays out for lumber and 
wages about $20,000 per month. The plant 
here is in charge of W. H. Wells, a na- 
tive of Ft. Wayne, Ind., for 20 years in 
lumber business and manager here since 
^As plant was put in operation. J. C. 
Williams, superintendent of the mill, has 
had 13 years experience, coming here from 
Grand Rapids, Mich. 

The Daniels & Collins Co. have main 
offices at 1002-3 Park Building, Pittsburg, 
r\ branch house at Grand Rapids, Mich., 
and one at Jamestown, N. Y., with H. 
W. Ailing, manger, besides the Charleston 
branch, which holds office in Coyle & 
R'chardson building, Capitol St. G. B. 
Daniels, Pres., and W. W. Collin, Sec- 
Treas., have office at the Pittsburg house. 
Manufacturing industries of this charac- 
ter which use up the raw products of th? 
valley and give employment to its la- 
boring men are the factors which go to- 
wards Charleston's upbuilding, and should 
have a hearty encouragement from our 
citizens. 



KNIGHT LUMBER CO.— Roy & Knight 
commenced the lumber trade in 1894 and 
two years later it was incorporated aa 
above. The business has steadily pro- 
gressed, but its logs coming largely from 
Coal river, which empties into the Kana- 
wha twelve miles below this point, had 
to be towed up stream to the Charleston 
mill, and the boilers and engine have been 
removed to a new site at Sattes Station, 
on the K. & M., just opposite the mouth of 
Coal river, where this company has re- 
cently erected a building and put in a 
complete new band mill with a capacity 
of 40,000 fet. per day. The handlings of 
the company heretofore has averaged 6,- 
000,000 ft, per annum of oak and poplar 
lumber, and with the new mill and fifty 
workmen the firm will be able to increase 
this to any probable demand. J. C. Roy, 
Pres.-Gen. Mgr., and H. W. Knight, Sec- 
Treas., are both native Charlestonians, 
reared in this business, and thoroughly 
familiar with all its details. 

GLEN ELK FURNITURE CO.— The 
Roy Furniture Co. started in 1889, with 



— 65 — 




Glen Elk Furniture Factory. 



$85,000 capital stock, was succeeded Nov., 
'86, by the Glen Elk Furniture Co f , which 
was incorporated with $25,000. The plant 
lies along Elk river at the west end of 
the K. and M. R. R. bridge and covers 
more than an acre of ground with its 
buildings and lumber yards. The factory 
is a four-story brick, 60x160 ft. A three- 
story metal side warehouse, 50x100, and a 
two-story frame 40x100 are used for pack- 
ing and shipping besides which there is 
a dry kiln and several smaller buildings. 
The plant is fitted with labor-saving ma- 
chinery and in its various departments 
gives employment to from 75 to 80 hands. 
It has side tracks from the K. & M., and 
loads its products direct into the cars. 
These consist principally of chiffoniers 
and side boards, with monthly output 
averaging $10,000, and are sold to all sec- 
tions of the country, by about a score of 
traveling men. In addition to the waste 
this plant has used about 50 carloads of 
coal annually for power and heating 
purposes, but has recently been piped for 
natural gas. The Glen Elk Furniture Co. 
pays to its employes $3,000 to $3,500 per 
month and uses 1,500,000 to 2,000,000 ft. 
of oak lumber annually. Its pay roll and 



purchases of raw material are an impor- 
tant factor in Charleston's upbuilding. 
Frank Woodman is treasurer and man- 
ager. W. A. Gill, a native of Philadel- 
phia, 30 years in furniture work, came 
to the superintendence of this factory 3 
years ago. 

THE CHARLESTON LUMBER CO. was 
incorporated Jan. 1897, and a new band 
mill of 30,000 it. capacity was put in. 
Above half the lumber handled is planed 
and largely used in the local trade. The 
company gives employment to about !0 
men and is a factor in Charleston's pro- 
gression. Geo. Falloon, of Athens, O., is 
president and A. Baird, Sec.-Treas., also 
from Athens, is the manager. 

THE A. S. CAMPBELL ART CO., capi- 
talized at $400,000, with headquarters ""t 
Elizabeth, N. J., Sept., 1899, purchased 
the Landon, Kent & Co. band and plani lg 
mill at the foot of Glen St. and employ 
some 40 men in making hardwood mouil- 
ings, oak ties, &c. • 

CONKER & GUILL run a planing and 
dimension lumber mill opp. Elk City de- 
pot, employ 10 to 12 hands, and each small 
industry serves to assist in the whole. 



— 66 — 




Porter's Station, Clay County. W. Va. 

MEMBERS of the Clay Lumber Co., at seam of good bituminous and splint coal. 
Porter, in Clay Co., have secured 100 This is open for development by the pro- 
acies of coal lands, which by prospecting per parties and will doubtless soon have 
proves to be underlaid with a 4% to 5 it. paying mines in operation. 




Res. J. Q. Dickinson, 

— 67 — 




The C. L. Ritter Company's Mill. 



THE C. L. RITTER LUMBER CO. was 
incorporated Oct., 1899, with $100,00 capi- 
tal, and commenced business Apr., 1900. 
The company secured a timber option 
from the Elk River Coal and Lumber As- 
sociation on 50,000 acres of land aid 
erected a modern band mill of 50,000 ft. 
daily capacity, three miles above Clay C. 
H. It has 6 miles of tramway and will 
extend to meet the necessities. Some 2T,0 
to 300 men are employed by the C. L. Rit- 
ter Lumber Co., which deals in poplar 
and oak lumber, seasoned or unseasoned, 
at wholesale. The offices are rooms 26, 
27, 28 Citizens' National Bank Building, 
Charleston. C. L. Ritter, Pres. and Mgr., 
is a native of Pa. and for 8 years past in 
the lumber trade. Rolfe Gerhardt, Sec- 
Treas., superintendent of the mills, was 
for several years with the Upland Coal 
and Coke Co. E. C. Willets is office man- 
ager at Charleston and S. F. Beals book- 
keeper and secretary to Mr. Ritter, who 
has other lumber interests. 



ELK RIVER BOOM CO.— The lumber 
industries =±ong Elk river have been 
greatly eiinanced by having an entirety 
safe and reliable boom company, to catch 
and care for their logs, ties, &c. Th ; s 
was chartered by the Legislature, Feb. 27, 
1869, with $100,000 capital, and in its con- 
struction and repairs above $350, 0C0 has 
been spent. No company has ever made 
a lower percentage of loss in logs and its 
charges for handling are moderate. The 
Elk River Boom Co. keeps 25 to 30 men 
employed with every freshet and has been 
a great assistance to the log men up Elk 
and the mills of Charleston. L. James, 
Pres., is a native of Ohio, in Charleston 
for 14 years past, and is president of the 
James Lumber Co. J. L. Dickinson, Sec- 
Treas., has mention as cashier of the Ka- 
nawha Valley Bank. The boom com- 
mences at a bend in the river about 'IVz 
miles above the city and thence follows 
the south shore of the stream. The office 
is at 278% Kanawha street. 



— 68 — 




The W. W. Branch Co. Veneer Works. 



The W. W. BRANCH VENEER AND 
LJMBER CO. illustrates the success of 
wood industries in Charleston. Mr. 
Branch, who had been in this line of busi- 
ness at Madison, O., since 1867, located in 
Glen Elk, now Charleston, in '85, as this 
section of the country produces the neces- 
sary raw material — oak, maple and po ra- 
ter — for veneer work. In 1890 the above 
company was formed, $35,000 capital, and 
the industry has been extended from year 
tD year until it is now a very complete 
veneer plant. Mr. Branch's Inventive 
genius has assisted in perfecting several 
necessary machines and these works sup- 
ply leading sewing machine companies 
and furniture factories with veneer woods 
for cabinets, drawer bottoms, mirrors, 
picture backs, &c. The veneer work 
reaches all sections of the country, as its 
lightness, and strength when glued cross- 
grained has made it indispensable in 
many lines of industry. The Branch Ve- 
neer Plant is on the north side of Elk 
just below the K. and M. railroad, with 
side tracks and the necessary tram roads. 
It covers about three acres of ground, 



gives employment to 25 or 30 men and 
turns out an annual business of $40,000 to 
$50,000, which makes an important factor 
in Charleston's progression. C. C. Branch 
officiates as superintendent of the manu- 
factory. 

NATIONAL VENEER CO.— A concern 
of more than ordinary importance was in- 
corporated Apr., 1901, with capital of $50,- 
000, for the manufacture of veneer work, 
which has become essential in several 
lines of industry- A site of two acres was 
secured below Glen St., on the north bank 
of Elk Aver, and the company is about 
completing buildings to the value of $15,- 
000. The main factory is of brick 150x57 
ft., three stories in height. A two-story 
dry kiln 40x80, boiler and engine room 
40x40 and other small buildings go to 
make up the enclosures in which some 
$25,000 worth of machinery, all of latest 
designs, is now being placed, fitting the 
plant for the production of anything nec- 
essary in the veneer line. The officers 
and directors of the concern are W. K. 
Mohler, Pres., who is president of the 
Mohler Lumber Co.; E. A. Barnes, V.-P., 



— 69 — 




Kanawha Wood 

of the wholesale firm Abney, Barnes &. 
Co.; J. Q. Dickinson, Treas., president ot 
the Kanawha Valley Bank; J. Talman 
Waters, Sec., late deputy clerk of the U. 
S Circuit Court; J. W. Roche, Mgr., for 
twenty years in the Grand Rapids furni- 
ture trade and for eight years in Charles- 
ton, formerly with the Folding Bed Co. 
This long experience in furniture, always 
dealing more or less with veneer work, 
has given Mr. Roche an intimate knowl- 
edge of the requirements and best adapta- 
tions to this industry. The new veneer 
plant located here because the required 
timbers are still abundant up the Elk and 
Kanawha rivers, and it has side track 
connections with the K. and M., giving 
every facility for transportation. It re- 
ceived a liberal assistance from the Char- 
leston Chamber of Commerce in securing 
its site and a hearty welcome from our 
people for locating in this growing city. 

THE KANAWHA WOOD TURNING 
CO. was organized May, 1899, with $25,000 
capital, for the production of hickory, ash 
and maple handles for axes, picks, cant- 
hooks or brooms. The company has ex- 
tensive timber rights, some ten miles 



Turning Works. 

above Charleston, on Indian Creek, ship- 
ping its logs via C, C. and S., and in its 
various departments gives employment to 
30 to 40 men. The factory is located in 
the upper part of the city adjoining th'i 
K. and M. tracks. The lot, 1% acres, i. 
about half covered with buildings, in 
which are 5 circle saws, 5 belt machines, 
4 cut offs, 10 turning lathes, the usual 
shaftings, &c, backed by a battery of 
boilers and engines. The product is most- 
ly sold in New York, for export to Eu- 
rope. After the destruction by fire, Nov. 
2i, 1900, of the Jennings plant, on tht 
West Side, C. W. Jennings became Sec- 
Treas. and Mgr. of the Kanawha Wood 
Turning Co. Mr. Jennings Is a native of 
New Castle, Ind., and has had a long ex- 
perience in this line of industry. I. 
Schwabe, formerly with the firm of 
Schwabe & May, is president, while to 
the above officers Ben Baer, wholesale 
liquors; M. M. Williamson, cashier Citi- 
zens' Natl. Bk., and L. A. Glaser, Sec- 
Treas. of the Tanners' and Dyers' Extract 
Co., are added as directors. 

HULING, MONTAGUE & CO., office 324 
Quarrier St., mill on Davis Creek, 5 miles 
across lots from Charleston, have bean 



— 70 — 




working 25 to 40 men and sell their hard 
wood lumber at wholesale. 



J. R. HOFFMAN has gained a repu- 
tation as the patentee of the celebrated 
band mill. He erected mills on Elk street, 
above the ice plant, 17 years ago and also 
has two portable mills on Gauley, in bis 
various enterprises giving employment to 
25 men. 



Res* Ex=Governor G. W. Atkinson. 

quantities of furnil lire each year which 
it ships to various sections of the coun- 
try. Store fixtures, I ardwood mantels and 
other cabinet wort is turned out to the 
order of customers The Morgans are ex 
perienced lumber men and thoroughly 
posted in every detail of the business. 



JOHN & J. S. MORGAN— The saw mill 
and planing business fronting on Clen- 
dennin St., above Lovell, was started by 
John Roy in the eighties and has had 
numerous changes in partners. John Mor- 
gan has held an interest in the plant for 
a dozen years past and the above style ot 
firm name comes with the present year. 
The plant gives employment to from 20 to 
25 hands. The mils and yards cover 
about three acres an 1 in addition to rougn 
and dressed lumber, flooring, ceiling, 
mouldings, turning;, &c, makes large 



THE DONALDSON LUMBER CO., on 
Blue Creek, is a feeder to the K. and M. 
and Charleston interests. In this com- 
pany Frank Woodman is president and 
half -owner, and Geo. M. Donaldson the 
other partner, native of Scotland, 26 years 
in America, is treasurer and manager. A 
mill was erected on Blue Craek in 1895, 
and the company has twelve miles of rail- 
road connecting with the K. and M. 
through Kelley's Creek railroad. Some 
60 to 80 men are employed here and the 
interest is one of the feeding factors to 
+ bis section. It's hardwood lumber is 
laigely exported to Great Britain. 



— 71 — 



CAPITAL CITY VEHICLE CO.— This 
company, organized Dec. 20, 1900, with 
authorized capital of $25,000, secured the 
large two-story brick building, Nos. 252-4 
Virginia St., which was erected in 1834 as 
Asbury M. E. Chapel. A blacksmith shop 
50x42 was built in the rear, and March 1, 
1901, business was commenced in the vehi- 
cle line. Geo. M. Krauss, who had been 
employed in high grade vehicle work at 
Columbus, O., for fifteen years, and who 
was for eight years with the Buckeye Cart 
Co., was engaged as superintendent. Un- 
der his watchful eye the company are put- 
ting out to the order of customers any- 
thing of high grade in the vehicle line 
and are intending later to manufacture 
exclusively for the jobbing trade. So far 
the work has been largely delivery wag- 



ons, which are finished with rubber or 
pneumatic tires, the best of painting, and 
in all round up to date style. Dr. V. T. 
Churchman, mentioned under profes- 
sional matters, is Pres. ; D. A. Brawley, in 
stove and tinware business, is Gen. Mgr : 
Dan. B. Brawley, Sec.-Treas., and Attor- 
ney Adam B. Littlepage, Chm. of Execu- 
cive Board. 

VICERS WAGON CO.— J. W. Vicers, oi' 
Pulaski Co., Va., commenced wagon mak- 
ing in Charleston 23 yeais ago, and in 
1885 the business was incorporated as 
above. The company has convenient quar- 
ters at Court and State Sts., and while 
repair work is the principal business any 
vehicle desired by customers is made to 
order. J. W. Vicers is principal owner, 
prerident and manager. 



West Charleston Industries. 




Stockton's Brick Yard — Depot — Courtney's Mill. 

C. P. STOCKTON'S BRICK YARD is era! store on Cinder road, near by the 

opposite the West Charleston depot on the brick yard. 

K. and M. and is fitted with the necessary D & COURTNEY-Perbaps no single 

machinery, &c, for the production of 25,- indivi , dual or flrm in Charleston gives em- 

000 brick per day, which is (readily sold ploymen t to more laborers than D. G. 

in the local trade. Mr. Stockton is a na- Courtney, manufacturer of white oak 

tive of Nicholas county, W. Va., for thirty cooperage, railroad ties and lumber. Mr. 

years past in Charleston. He has a gen- Courtney is a native of Pennsylvania and 



— 72 




D. G. Courtney's Mill, West Charleston. 



has been in the cooperage supply business 
for 25 years, coming to W. Va. some 15 
years ago, and having been located at Red 
House and Raymond Oity prior to estab- 
lishing his headquarters in Charleston. 
The accompanying illustration shows his 
stave yards, machine shops and planing 
mill, at West Charleston depot; on the 
adjoining stave yard is a portable mill for 
finishing staves. Some 20 to 25 hands 
find employment with Mr. Courtney at 
Charleston and as many more at each of 
his other six mills in this county, beside 
which he has timber privileges and mills 
in Putnam, Cabell, Mason, Nicholas and 
Roane counties, and in the year ending 
June 30, 1901, shipped over 3,000 carloads 
of manufactured wood products. In thus 
marketing the raw material of this sec- 
tion and giving employment to its labor, 
Mr. Courtney is assisting in its general 
progression and entitled to a (record 
among the progressive citizens of the Cap- 



ital City. His office is 129 Capitol street, 
Charleston. 

OHIO VALLEY FURNITURE CO.— 
One of the largest factories contributing 
largely to Charleston's upbuilding is the 
ai ove, organized May, 1900, with author- 
ized capital of $500,000, of which 392,000 
has been paid in. This industry adjoins 
West Charleston depot, employs about 
150 hands, and makes a specialty of side- 
boards and folding beds, of which it sends 
out great quantities to various sections of 
ihe State, the annual output reaching a 
money value of $350,000, while the pay- 
roll reaches $1,500 per week, which large- 
ly finds its way to the coffers of Charles- 
ton merchants. W. B. Showbert, Pres., 
is a native of Gallia Co., O., coming here 
a year since to take the management of 
this concern; Edson Lewis, of Mt. Vernon, 
N. Y., is Vice Pres.; W. B. Fuller of Gal- 
lipolis, is Sec.-Treas; while Wm. C. Ilsley 
and J. D. Hass of N. Y. are directors with 



— 73 — 




He is assisted in 
the business by Hollister S. Hummel, his 
son, who is also second assistant in the 
U. S. Attorney's office. 



Ohio Valley Furniture Plant. 

the above. The large buildings shown and Elk river valleys, 
herewith are all occupied by the com- 
pany, while great quantities of lumber 
are stacked outside for seasoning. Lo- 
cated in the heart of lumber country 
with convenient shipping facilities by 
rail or river, the Ohio Valley Furniture 
Co. will doubtless long remain an insti- 
tution of which Charlestonians may well 
be proud. 



CRYSTAL BOTTLING CO.— C. T. Wood 
and H. T. Sheffey, under the above firm 
name, put in some $5,000 worth of ma- 
chinery and fixtures at No. 24 Summers 
St. in March last and opened up the bot- 
tling business. 



CAPITAL CARBONATING CO. was in- 
corporated April, 1901, ground leased, 
near the C, C. and S. depot at the east 
end of Capitol St., a building 36x70 ft. 



Carbonated Beverages. 

RUMMEL BOTTLING WORKS— Henry 
Rummel, from near Pomeroy, O., located 
in Charleston in 18/1, and fitted up a bot- 
tling works plant to which he has added erected and the necessary machinery and 

fixtures put in to do first-class carbonat- 
ing and bottling. 

CHAS. CAPITO, at 135 Kanawha St., 
bottles the Stroh beer of Detroit and has 
an ice plant for cold storage of beer. 

Saddles, harness, tailoring, confection- 
ery, laundries ana a number of other 



from time to time, until the machinery, 
fixtures and stock on hand now averages 
about $10,000 in value, making one of the 
best plants for the .manufacture of min- 
eral waters and soft drinks to be found 
in this State. From this plant comes the 
noted Sachs-Pruden ginger ale, as well as 
birch beer and other popular soft idrinks, 
and the mineral waters. Mr. Rummel industrial concerns will be mentioned in 
has secured a permanent and extensive connection with wholesale houses or oth- 
business throughout, the Kanawha, New erwise. 



— 74 — 



TO^M IMHINTDTP^ England in 1870. The Ward Engineering 
1KUIN 11NUUD 1 K1CO. works, of which Mr. Charles Ward is 
SOUTHSIDE FOUNDRY & MACHINE proprietor, manuiactures water- tube 
WORKS — The foundry business was iv±ai ine boners, high-speed Engines and 
started in Maiden by O. A. & W. T. Thay- .Light-draught steamers. The Ward 
er in 1860 and in 71 they secured a site vv r atei - CU be boilers, manufactured under 
between the C. & O. R. R. and the Ka- 1L . ue is-patent, have gamed a national 
nawha river and erected the South Side reputation, — being the first water-tube 
Foundry & Machine Works. This has |j 0i i eis to be installed in the war-ships 
bten improved and added to from time ot - t he (j s Navy. The first plant was 
to time until it is now the largest and saut ed on Kanawha street in the build- 
most complete plant of its kind to be ing adjoining the Hale House, moving 
found in this part of the State. The Lo iy c a pitoi street. Mr. Ward furnisheu 
principal product is mining machinery boiieis tor some of the finest yachts in 
and in that line it is leader in this State, iNew Y ork City, among them a mammoth 
making mine haulage machinery, tipple wa ter-tube boiler of special design, test- 
euuipments, mine fans, cars, and every- etl to goo pounds, for the steamship 
thing pertaining to the business. Hav- Meteor; he here began the manufacture 
ing grown up with the mining industry, OI the safety water-tube launch boiler, 
it numbers among its customers nearly now generally used in the launches of 
all coal operators in the Kanawha, Elk, the U. S. Navy. Crowded by increasing 
and New river fields, as well as many in business, the plant was moved in 1885 
Ohio, Ky., Tenn. and other states. The t o the South Side, adjoining the proper- 
plant has never shut down for scarcity t y of the C. & 0. Ry. in order to have 
of orders, but gives steady employment ra ji an d wa ter facilities, which is now 
to about 75 men and is recognized as one the present location of the plant. More 
of Charleston's most substantial indus- than 50,000 square feet of floor space 
trial concerns. The extensive brick are required for the present business, 
machine shop 275x70 ft., with slate roof, Two substantial shops, each 175x80 ft., 
was erected recently and adds very large- w j t h traveling cranes running the en- 
ly to the capacity of the plant. It is tire length, which handle the smallest 
equipped with traveling cranes and other boiler or a twenty-five ton steel boat — 
modern appliances, turning out a high loading on the C. & O. tracks or on the 
grade of machinery for mining, or lum- inclines to the Kanawha river. Recent- 
Ler plants, etc. The plant covers some ly a s t ee l packet, y0 feet by 14 feet beam, 
three acres of ground directly below the drawing two feet of water, was launched. 
C. & O. freight depot, and has its own gb e is equipped with a Ward boiler of 
sidetracks, for the economical handling Royal Arch type, a Ward single crank 
and shipment of its products. R. B. triple expansion engine and has a pas- 
Cassady, Pres., is superintendent of the se nger capacity for one hundred persons. 
Winifrede Coal Co. G. T. Thayer, Treas. The steam yacht Madge and the U. 
and Mgr. is a native of the county and s. steam yacht Mascot, plying on 
for 25 years past connected with this the Kanawha, are products of this plant, 
plant. There is now being constructed a govern- 
WARD ENGINEERING WORKS.— ment tow-boat 120 feet in length. The 
This old, well established plant was start- freight arrivals of tons of refined steel 
ed in Charleston in 1875 by Charles castings and thousands of feet of boiler 
Ward, who came to this country from tubing, the shipments of boilers, engines 

— 75 — 




Res. Frank Woodman. 

and boats and the employment of foity commenced the manufacture of the Levi 

to eighty mechanics make a pay-roll which Filter, of which there will doubtless be a 

assists materially the financial prosper- large demand as soon as its merits are 

ity and the future upbuilding of the city fully known. Frank Woodman is presi- 



dent of the works, G. D. Williams secre- 
tary-treasurer and A. W. Hager superin- 
tendent. Mr. Hager was a former partner 
with Luckadoe in this foundry, and is 
fully conversant with the business. 

THE CHARLESTON BOILER & 
FOUNDRY Co.— E. Polsue and others 
purchased the Barton Boiler Works, on 



of Charleston. 

VULCAN IRON WORKS. — Geo. Davis 
started a foundry about 1870, which was 
purchased by Luckadoe & Hager in '89, 
and June 15, '91, consolidating with the 
Kanawha Woolen Mills Machine Shops, 
the Elk Foundry & Machine Co. was in- 
corporated. In 1900, with other Interests, 
it was reincorporated as the Vulcan Iron Virginia St., Apr., 1900, and incorporated 
Works. The business embraces general the above company. The buildings were 
machine work, castings in iron or brass, burned Feb. 9, 1901, and Mr. Polsue, who 
heavy forging, boiler and sheet iron work, had formerly cured meats on Dryden St. 
in fact anything in the foundry and ma- and K. & M. R. R., owning the balance 
chine line. The plant is located on Colum- of the lot to Court St.., making 165 ft. 
bia avenue above the lower bridge. The frontage on Dryden, repaired the build- 
Foundry part is a brick building 60x70 ings and erected new ones until he now 
ft., the machine shop a frame 50x100 ft., has a fairly complete plant. The three- 
and the blacksmith shop 30x60 ft., all story brick building, 25x50 ft, formerly 
well fitted with lathes, trip hammers, etc. a meat house, is now equipped with new 
The company, in connection with the lathes and other appurtenances necessary 
manufacture of boilers, for which it has in a machine shop. 

a building 40x80 ft., expressly equipped BARTON BOILER WORKS.— Since the 

with up-to-date machinery, has recently burning of the old street car barns, which 



76 — 



had been utilized as a boiler and ma- 
chine shop by Henry Barton and his suc- 
cessors, and the removal of the Charles- 
ion Boiler Works to Dryden St., Mr. Bar- 
ton has again commenced the manufac- 
ture of boilers, on Clendennin St. Ht 
gives employment to 10 or 12 men and 
turns out some excellent hand made 
works in boilers, smoke stacks, coal 
SL&utf-s and other heavy forging. 
NOVELTY MACHINE WORKS— W. T. 



Levi, a machinist who has spent most of 
his life in Charleston, some nine years 
ago opened a repair shop, and five years 
since secured quarters adjoining the City 
Hall, where he has the necessary lathes, 
&c, to do machine work. He makes a 
specialty of repairing electrical appara- 
tus. 

Charleston has the usual number of 
blacksmith and repair shops, gunsmiths, 
&c. 




m 




Kanawha Valley Bank. 
FINANCIAL tionably be classed as reliable, conserva- 

tive and enterprising officials. This con- 
The monetary facilities of a city are of dition of affairs adds greatly to Charles- 
great importance to both its industrial ton's stability, and failures of any proper- 
and commercial progress, so we have in- ly conducted important commercial or in- 
serted this article betwen manufactories dustrial enterprise in this city have rarely 
and wholesale houses. The men at the occurred. The official statements made 
head of Charleston's banks should unques- July 15, 1901, showed the aggregate assets 

— 77 — 



of the four established hanks here to have has been largely connected in Charles- 



ton's upbuilding and is interested in coal 
lands and several of the manufacturing 
enterprises. 

Jas. F. Brown, Vice-Pres., will have per- 
sonal mention under legal profession; J. 
L. Dickinson, Cashier, is son of the presi- 
dent, a life-long resident of Charleston 
and too well known in banking circles to 
need further introduction; John Malone,- 
a native of Charleston, is Asst. Cashier. 
The directors are J. Q. Dickinson, J. F. 
Brown, J. L. Dickinson, Win. Dickinson, 
E. W. Knight. 



been $5,006,990.86, and from records made 
on that date we condense the following 
figures : 

THE KANAWHA VALLEY BANK.— 
This bank was established in 1867 by Wm. 
Dickinson, Levi J. Woodyard, H. C. and 
J. Q. Dickinson. For a year it occupied 
the small building shown herewith, when 
a good two-story block was built, which 
served 26 years. The building- now occu- 
pied, on the corner of Kanawha and Capi- 
tol Sts., was erected in 1894 at a cost of 
over $50,000. It is a handsome structure, 
four stories high, 75x110 ft., of pressed 
brick, trimmed in brown stone. The in- 
terior is in keeping with the exterior 
beauty, and the many fine offices are heat- 
ed with steam and accessible by a modern 
passenger elevator. Some store rooms ad- 
join the banking offices on the ground 
floor and altogether the building is one of 
credit to the city: 

RESOURCES JULY 15, 1901. 

Loans and discounts $ 999,103 56 

Overdrafts 8,170 41 

Bonds 19,500 00 

Banking house, real estate, &c. 179,218 52 

Due from banks 446,224 50 

Exchanges for clearing house. 14,829 67 

Cash, checks, &c 82,822 97 

Expense and tax 8,811 84 

Due from U. S. Treasurer 536 00 

Total assets 1,759,717 47 

Liabilities were for: 

Capital stock 150,000 00 

Surplus and profits 244.945 78 

Deposits 1,364,771 69 

John Q. Dickinson, president and prin- 
cipal stockholder, comes of a pioneer fam- 
ily and was born in Bedford Co., Va., Nov. 
20, 1831. He served in the Confederate Five years later the management resolved 
Army and located in Charleston in the to have a banking house and the fine four- 
Spring of 1865. He commenced the manu- story pressed brick structure adjoining 
facture of salt in 1867, and has persisted in the government lot, and illustrated here- 
the work, being now the only salt manu- with, was completed in 1890. The state- 
facturer in this vicinity. Mr. Dickinson ment of its financial affairs at the close of 

— 78 — 




Charleston National Bank. 

Second in regard to age comes the Char- 
leston National Bank, which commenced 
business / ug. 16, 1884, and very soon se- 
cured a lair share of the banking trade. 



business July i5, 1901, speaks for 
itself better than any eulogies of 
the compiler might do: 

RESOURCES. 

Loans and discounts. . .$ 742,278 26 

Overdrafts 2,559 76 

Stocks and securities.. 34,500 00 

Banking house, fur. &c. 15,000 00 

Due from banks 147,973 06 

Cash, checks, &c 104,296 97 

Due from U. S. T 12,500 00 

U. S. bonds 450,000 00 

Total 1,609,108 05 

LIABILITIES. 

Capital stock 300,000 00 

Circulation 250,000 00 

Surplus and profits 49,271 14 

Due to banks 32,904 35 

Deposits 976,932 56 

L. Prichard, president, is a native Ken- 
tuckian, where he practiced medicine for 
21 years, assisted in organizing this banK 
in 1884, was elected its president four 
years later and removed to Charleston, 
taking the management of its finances 
Aug. 1, '88. Dr. Prichard, in '94, assisted 
in beautifying the city by the erection of 
a stone mansion corner of Quarrier and 
Brooks Sts., illustration of which we give 
on a later page. J. R. Seal, Vice.-Pres., 
is an extensive coal operator on New 
river. H. L. Prichard. Cashier, is son of 
the president, coming to this [position soon 
after his graduation from the University 
of Notre Dame, Ind., in 1890. The direc- 
tors, in addition to the president and vice 
president, are E. A. Barnes, of Abney. 
Barnes & Co. ; Charles K. Payne, of Payne 
Shoe Co., and Phil. Frankenberger, prin- 
cipal owner of Frankenberger & Co. cloth- 
ing house. 

CITIZEN'S NATIONAL BANK— As 
Charleston was taking on new life, there 
appeared to be an opening for another 




Citizens' National Bank. 

bank, and the Citizen's was organized 
Mar. 16, 1889, as a State bank and opened 
as a National Bank Sept. 10, 1890. In '98 
the organization commenced the erection 
of the splendid five-story, fire-proof build- 
ing corner of Capitol and Quarrier Sts. 
This structure was completed Nov., '99, at 
a cost of $50,000 and is doubtless the best 
finished office building in Charleston, in 
fact one that would grace a metropolitan 
city. Its marble stairways, brass railings, 
tile floors and fast running modern eleva- 
tor make offices here desirable and quick- 
ly taken when vacant. The banking fur- 
niture and fixtures cost $8,000 additional, 
and with safety. boxes affords every need- 
ed facility. 

RESOURCES JULY 15, 1901. 

Loans and discounts $367,324 65 

Overdrafts 7,122 98 

U. S. bonds, stocks, &c 46,600 00 

Banking house, &c 58,221 21 

Other real estate 1.000 00 

.ash, and due from banks 248,159 48 

Due from U. S. Treasurer 1,562 82 

Total assets 729,990,82 



— 79 — 



LIABILITIES. 

Capital stock 125,000 00 

Surplus and profits 23,169 35 

Circulation 31,250 00 

Dividends unpaid 1,434 00 

Deposits and due banks 549,137 47 

W. Mollohan, president, is mentioned as 
senior member of the law firm Mollohan, 
McClintic & Mathews; J. A. McGuffin.vice- 
pres., is an extensive coal operator on the 
Loop Creek branch of the C. and O. ; M. 
M. Williamson, cashier, a native of Mari- 
etta, O., residing in W. Va. from early 
manhood and in Charleston for 14 years, 
has been cashier of the Citizen's National 
Bank since 1892; J. N. Carnes, asst. cash- 
ier, from Lancaster, 0., has been with the 
bank since 1895. In addition to the above 
officers, the directors are W. A. MacCor- 
kle, of the law firm Chilton, MacCorkle & 
Chilton; C. A. Gates, grocer, and J. J. 
Duffy, a merchant of Lewisburg, W. Va. 




The* Kanawha National Bank, 

on Capitol and Virginia Sts., commenced 
business Feb. 1st, 1892. The success of 
the Citizen's had led to tne belief that 



still another monetary enterprise could 
succeed, and as it was promoted by some 
of Charleston's best financiers it had the 
confidence of the public from the start. 
The bank owns its home, a convenient 
three-story brick, with stone front trim- 
mings, which is well furnished and fitted 
for the general banking business which it 
transacts. It was built some 15 years ago 
as a commercial house and in 1893 was 
purchased by the Kanawha National 
Bank, which had formerly held the rooms 
on Virginia St. that are now occupied by 
the Singer Manufacturing Co. The state- 
ment of the Kanawha National Bank 
showed: 

RESOURCES JULY 15, 1901. 

Loans and discounts $402,335 08 

Overdrafts 5,770 65 

U. S. bonds, stocks, &c 73,500 00 

Banking house, furniture, &c. 26,250 00 

Cash, checks, &c 397,143 79 

Due from U. S. Treasurer 3,175 00 

Total 908,174 52 

LIABILITIES. 

Capital stock 100,000 00 

Surplus and profits 31,662 06 

Circulation 63,500 00 

Dividends unpaid 280 00 

Deposits and due banks 712,732 46 

Geo. S. Couch, Pres., a native of Point 
Pleasant, W. Va., has been practicing law 
in Charleston for 27 years past, was first 
president of the Charleston National Bank 
and has been president of the Kanawha 
National Bank from its start; J. D. 
Baines, Vice-Pres., is a prominent Char- 
lestonian, who has served as Mayor and 
other official capacities; E. A. Reid, a 
Kentuckian, in Charleston for 17 years 
past, has been cashier since its organiza- 
tion; iH. B. Lewis officiates as teller. In 
addition to the president and vice-presi- 
dent, the directors are Geo. E. Price and 
H. B. Smith, both of the law firm xi'lour- 
noy, Price & Smith; Charles Capito 



— 80 — 



wholesale liquor dealer; F. M. Staunton, 
president of the Diamond Ice Co., and W. 
E. Mohler, president of a leading lumber 
interest. 

WHOLESALE HOUSES. 

While manufacturing has shown a per- 
centage of increase in keeping with the 
addition to population, educational and 
other advancements of Charleston within 
the past decade, perhaps in no other line 
has the development been more marked 
than in the rise and progress of Charles- 
ton's wholesale houses. The reason of 
this is apparent. As the capital of this 
progressive mining State the city has rap- 
idly gained prominence, and as Charles- 
ton has no rival in the Kanawha valley 



she is not only in a position to hold the 
commercial trade of all the surrounding 
counties, but to extend throughout the 
mountain section for a hundred miles or 
more, and many of her wholesale houses 
have a considerable trade in adjoining 
States. With the transportation facilities 
6hown on former pages, and the addition 
to these interests now building, Charles- 
ton merchants will be able to compete 
with metropolitan wholesale houses and 
doubtless will continue to hold their share 
of trade. With the possible exception of 
Wheeling, this is now the most important 
distributing centre in the State and has 
no rival on the Chesapeake and Ohio be- 
tween Richmond and Cincinnati, none on 
the C, C. and S., nor on the K. and M. 
this side of Columbus. 




Lewis, Hubbard & Company. 

is, Jr., being under the direction of the 
LEWIS, HUBBARD & CO.— This last two named. Chas. C. Lewis, thfl 
wholesale house is among the largest in senior member not being actively en- 
the Virginias, and probably has no su- gaged in the management. The business 
perior. The firm is composed of Chas. was established in 1881 by the senior 
C. Lewis, R. G. Hubbard and C. C. Lew- Lewis and P. H. Noyes, under the firm 



— 81 




L v H. & Co., Warehouse. 

name of P. H. Noyes & Co., continuing 
that style until Jan. 1, '95. In 18S0 R. 
G. Hubbard, who had been a trusted em- 
ploye of the firm from its start, was ad- 
mitted as a partner and Jan. 1, '95, C. C. 
Lewis, Jr., became a member and the 
firm name was changed to Noyes, Hub- 
bard & Co. A year later P. H. Noyes re- 
tied on account of declining health, 
his interest having been purchased by 
his partners. Dec. 27, 1897, the main 
building and its contents were consumed 
by fire, but the reserve stock in the large 
warehouse on the C. & O., illustrated 
herewith, and other purchases made at 
that time, enabled the firm to continue 
business almost uninterrupted. The 
concern also has another large ware- 
house adjoining the K. & M. tracks. 

In 1898 the grain, feed and produce 
trade was incorporated as the Charles- 
ton Grain & Feed Co., this part of the 
business having been later turned over 
to John D. Lewis, who is its manager 
and principal proprietor. In 1898 the 
commodious storehouse, corner of Quar- 
rier and Hale streets, was erected at a 



cost of $30,000. This is 50x150, five 
stories and basement and is literally 
packed from cellar to garret. The in- 
crease of the firm s business in the east- 
ern section of the State made additional 
facilities desirable, ana Jan. 1, 1900, a 
branch house was established at Ronce- 
verte, wh^ch four months later was in- 
corporated as the Greenbrier Grocery 
Co., and is under the management of 
N. H. Slack, who for a number of years 
prior was an employe of the firm. The 
annual handlings of Lewis, Hubbard & 
Co. are reputed to go into the mill. ins 
and are exceeded by few houses outS-t.^ 
of very large commercial centers. Chas. 
C. Lewis, the senior member, was one 
of the original salt manufacturers of 
this section and an early operator in coal. 
He served as cashier and later president 
of the Kanawha Valley Bank, retiring 
from active business 1885. He was a pro- 
moter of the C, C & S. in its construction 
period, and its first president; he built 
and owns the Kelly's Creek Railway. 
R. G. Hubbard is a native of this 
county and has been identified with the 
grocery trade from boyhood. He has 









n 


iii 








i 


.j-«5 j£| 


fife " 1 


liwl 




IMg 


,, 


JV .' 


JMJ 






: renal a ^H 








~ — 


^j 


h • J 


^SS 



Res. Dr. L. Prichard. 



— 82 — 



also served as councilman and been 
otherwise interested in public matters. 
C. C. Lewis, Jr., was Dorn in this coun- 
ty and was serving as treasurer of the 
K. & M. Ry. prior to his active engage- 
ment in the grocery trade. 

The progressive spirit and honorable 
dealings of this firm have done a full 
share in advertising Charleston as a 
commercial center, and assisted in its 
general upbuilding. 








Ruffner Brothers. 

RUFFNBR BROTHERS are natives of 
this county and commenced in the retail 
grocery trade of Charleston in 1873, ex- 
panding with the rise of the city from 
a quiet mountain village to the thriving 
Capital City of the State. Up to 1876 
the business had been principally retail, 
when a full wholesale house was equip- 
ped and Ruffner Brothers endeavored to 



secure their share of trade, in the whole- 
sale grocery line. The firm owns the 
fine iron and brick front, four story and 
basement store rooms, 50 x 134 ft., at Nos. 
306-308 Kanawha St., to which connects 
at the rear the brick warehouse, 25-100 
ft., three floors and basement, facing at 
Nos. 17-19 Hale St. Both buildings are 
provided with elevators and stocked with 
goods in this line. Five traveling sales- 
men look after the trade in this and 
neighboring States. A. L. & M. P. Ruffner 
have done a full share towards Charles- 
ton's progression. 

THE WHOLESALE PRODUCE CO. 
was organized in 1893, and is now owned 
by Jackson Carr, who has had a large 
experience in the milling and feed line. 
The business occupies one of the Masonic 
building sections, 314 Virginia street, 24x 
130 ft., three stories and basement, and 
the handlings are produce, flour, feed, 
groceries, etc., at wholesale. 

THE CHARLESTON GRAIN & FEED 
CO. was incorporated Feb. 26, 1898, tak- 
ing an established trade in that line, 
which had been prior conducted by Lewis 
Hubbard & Co. The offices are still held 
in the main building of that firm, shown 
on page 81, while a large warehouse with 
sidetrack accomodation is kept near the 
K. & M. Ry. The paid up capital of the 
Charleston Grain & Feed Co. is $17,000 
and in addition to dealing in grain, feed, 
hay, etc., it does an extensive business 
in the produce line, purchasing early 
potatoes, grapes, melons, etc., from the 
best markets, in the proper season. J. D. 
Lewis, Pres. and Gen. Mgr., is a native 
of the city and has been a member of 
the firm of Lewis, Hubbard & Co. since 
its organization. He has recently added 
to the architecture of Virginia St. by 
erecting a handsome brick residence just 
above Brooks St., which we illustrate 
herewith, H, W, Sentz, Sec. of the Com- 



— 83 — 











;5 


1 ■• ' A 


Mk 


















£ 


HH^fiL 




4 i 




^| \*Wmmmma ■,tt*" 






SfcBL 


„lj 






pIMll 


IBSR 

H'ilSilllliii'liiS '■■ i!' lir 


!1 '1 .""' 






WfTniiii ii iiiiliirT' mMI 


■^BEL* 












' 


^^, 



Res. J, D. Lewis, Virginia Street. 

pany was formerly connected with the boat captain prior to commencing this 

firm of Lewis, Hubbard & Co. for a num.- trade 14 years ago. His store room is 

ber of years. 30x180 feet, and well filled in the above 

THE BROWN BROTHERS are natives lmes - 
of Putnam Co. and have been in business DrUgS and Sundries. 
in Charleston since 1883. In 1895 they THE HUBBARD - WILLIAMS CO., 
leased grounds of the K. & M. Ry. Co. wholesale drug house, was incorporated 
adjoining Capitol St. where they handle June 1, 1901, and in July opened up a fine 
at wholesale and retail everything that stock of general drugs, surgical instru- 
comes in the flour and feed line, giving ments and appliances, druggists' sun- 
special attention to lime, cement, plaster, dries and stationery. W. Dan Williams, 
hair and other building material, fire Pres., is a Virginian who has been brought 
clay, fire brick, laths, etc., in car-load up in the drug business, having had 25 
lots. 



years' experience in wholesale and retail 

trade the last eight years as traveling 

salesman for the wholesale drug house 

of J. N. Murdoch & Co., of Parkersburg. 

W. G. Hubbard Sec.-Treas., a native of 

N. C, for seven years past nas been on 

the road for Lewis, Hubbard & Co.; while 

JAS. J. LAIDLEY who deals in gro- R. G. Hubbard, of the same firm, A. Q. 

ceries, feed, seeds and produce at whole- Smith, and H. P. Cannon of the firm 

sale, at 286 Kanawha St., is a native of Eskew, Smith & Cannon, and H. 

Charlestonian and was serving as steam- B. Smith attorney, are also members 

— 84 — 



C. H. JAMES is wholesale buyer and 
shipper of butter, eggs and poultry at 
23 Summers St., has good facilities and 
gives prompt attention to the needs of 
the trade. 




The Hubbard=WilHams Co* 

of the company. The business occupies 
the three story brick block Nos. 353 
355 and 357 Quarrier St., illustrated here- 
with. This is r i0x95 ft., three stories and 
basement, and well filled with goods in 
the wholesale drug line. The Hubbard- 
Williams Co. are putting in apparatus for 
the manufacture of several important 
specialties, and inten^ to keep abreast of 
the times in everytning relating to the 
wholesale drug trade. 

THE KANAWHA DRUG CO. was or- 
ganized June 1, 1901, capital $50,000, to 
conduct a wholesale drug and sundry 
house, and busines was commenced Aug. 
1, at No. 26 Summers St., where three 
floors are occupied, also the third floor 
over No. 24. The firm have promptly 
put salesmen on the road and have se- 
cured a trade for 150 miles or more around 
Charleston. The members of the com- 
pany have all been hustlers and know how 
to meet the demands of trade. J. M. 
Hutchinson, Jr., Pres., was salesman for 
the Payne Shoe Co. for ten years; O. 
P. Meadows, Vice Pres., salesman for 



Henry Werner & Co., of Columbus; 
while A. H. Barker, Sec, and W. E. 
Connell, Treas., as well as R. C. Jef- 
ferds, the other member of the com- 
pany have been on the road for Ruffner 
Brothers for several years past. With a 
full stock and thus manned, the new firm 
will assist in advertising - Charleston as 
a commercial center. 

Dry Goods and Notions. 

ABNEY, BARNES & CO.— This whole- 
sale dry goods house was established 
by Arnold, Abney & Co. in 1880, and now 
occupies the four story brick building at 
312, 314 Virginia St. Their stock em- 
braces everything in the dry goods and 
notion line; also gent's furnishings — 
pants, overalls, hats and caps — as well as 
an assortment of carpets and millinery 
recently added, and in fact everything 
properly known to a complete line of dry 




Abney, Barnes & Co. 



— 85 — 



goods and notions, the stock being varied 
and elaborate, including all the various 
styles and qualities demanded by the 
trade. The store has four floors, each 
40x125 feet, and although the stock is 
heavy, everything is conveniently ar- 
ranged, and it is worthy of note what a 
large amount of goods have been stored 
in the space at hand. The trade is prin- 
cipally in West Virginia with a growing 
patronage in adjoining states. Nine trav- 
eling salesmen are constantly looking 
after the out of town patronage. The 
members of the firm are F. W. Abney, 
E. A. Barnes, Will O. Abney, all mer- 
cnants in Charleston for a score of years 
or more. 




1 HIP 

m 



[lit ■■LlliL '-t 




Noyes, Thomas & Co. 
NOYES, THOMAS & CO.— For the past 
decade Charleston has held a reputa- 
tion as a wholesale center, new houses 
having been added each year, but few of 
any greater moment than that of Noyes, 
Thomas & Co., which was incorporated 
January 1, 1901, with $115,000 paid up 
capital. A. S. Thomas, president of the 
new company, is a native of Mason coun- 



ty and for the past 15 years has been en- 
gaged in the same line of trade in Char- 
leston. P. H. Noyes, Sec.-Treas., was 
formerly a junior member of the P. H. 
Noyes & Son, wholesale dry goods and 
notion house, whom the firm succeeded, 
and a son of P. H. Noyes, who was en- 
gaged for many years before his death 
in the wholesale business of the city. 
George E. Thomas, Vice Pres., was for- 
merly of the firm of Palmer & Thomas, 
the shoe men. Noyes, Thomas & Co. 
have a full stock in all the departments 
of dry goods, notions and hats. With 
six traveling salesmen looking after its 
crade the company is securing a full 
share of the business. The firm occu- 
pies two stores, connected "by arches, in 
the Masonic building, which they have 
leased for a term of years, giving space 
of 45x 150 feet, three stories and base- 
ment. This handsome block, corner of 
Virginia and Hale, shown herewith, is 
among the best business blocks of Char- 
leston. 

Hardware, Sadlery, Etc. 

THE CHARLESTON HARDWARE CO. 
was organized Jan. 1, 1901, with $50,000 
paid up capital', and does a general hard- 
ware business, principally jobbing. It oc- 
cupies four floors at No. 66 Capitol St. 
and two floors over No. 68. The officers 
are T. E. Embleton, Pres.; J. Q. Dickin- 
son, Vice.-Pres.; P. W. Flournoy, Sec.; 
M. T. Davis, Jr., Treas.; F. H. Markell, 
Mgr. 

THE CAPITAL CITY SUPPLY CO., at 
No. 75 Capitol St., has been dealing in 
mine, mill and factory supplies about ten 
years past and Mar. 30, 1901, was incor- 
porated with $100,000 capital', Clark How- 
ell, president; Ernest Howell, general 
manager. 

LOEWENSTEIN & -SONS.— This hard- 
ware and saddlery firm deserves more 
than a passing notice as including its 



— 86 — 




Loewenstein & Sons, Hardware, Etc. 



manufacturing department it gives em- 
ployment to some 50 men and assists 
materially in Charleston's progression. 
The wholesale house occupies the hand- 
some six story, pressed brick front, 
building, 50x150 ft, at Nos. 83, 85 Cap- 
itol St. The firm also owns one of the 
large warehouses Detween the C. & O. 
passenger and freight depots on the 
South Side, illustrated hereafter. In ad- 
dition to a complete line of shelf and 
heavy hardware, saddlery and harness 
goods, Loewenstein & Sons are large deal- 
ers in wagons, buggies, etc., the firm 
having an established trade in West Vir- 
ginia and parts of Virginia and Ken- 
tucky, requiring the services of 7 sales- 
men in looking after the needs of the 
trade. S. N. Loewenstein came from Ger- 
many to America in 1863 and commenced 
the hardware trade in Charleston. Louis 
and Moses Loewenstein were born in 
Charleston, educated in the public schools 

— 87 



and became partners with their father in 
1890 when the wholesale business was es- 
tablished. 





W. F. SHAWVBR & CO.— This firm 
oegan business as W. F. Shawver, 
who is a native of Greesbrier county, 
in 1894, and C. D. Burdett, of the 
same county, became a partner January 
1st, 1901. The premises occupied are at 
256 Kanawha St., where four floors and 
basement, 25x100ft., are well stored witn 
everything desirable in stoves, ranges, 
and house furnishings, roofing, etc. The 
firm keeps three traveling salesmen, vis- 
iting large and small trade throughout 
the field usually held by Charleston 
wholesale houses. Altogether 17 people 
find steady employment with this house, 
which is an example of what "push" and 
enterprise can accomplish. 

D. A. BRAWLEY, at 242 Kanawha St., 
is a native of this county and has been 
in the stoves, tinware, and house furn- 
ishing goods line for about 20 years. His 
wares occupy two floors and basement 
at above number and the workshop ia 
at 243 Kanawha St. 



GOSHORN & CO.— W. F. and J. H. 
Goshorn commenced general merchandise 
in Charleston in 1842, and later changed 
to hardware, miner's supplies, sash, 
doors, etc. W. F. Goshorn died in '82 
and his brother, J. H.,' ten years later, 
the business having been continued by 
W. F. & H. D. Goshorn, sons of the 
former, under the firm name of Goshorn 
& Co. The salesrooms formely kept at 
245, 247, Kanawha St. (four stories on 
the river front) is now at 246 Kanawha 
St., where three floors and basement are 
occupied, while the old premises are used 
for storage. Three salesmen are kept 
on the road, Goshorn & Co. holding a 
good trade in the field occupied by 
Charleston's wholesale houses and as- 
sisting in the general output from this 
city. 

1 — 







Goshorn & Company. 

N. S. BURLBW holds forth at 284 Ka- 
nawha St., doing a retail trade and job- 
bing in this and adjoining counties, in the 
general hardware line. Mr. Burlew is 
manager of the opera-house, president of 
the Daily Mail' Co., and vice-president of 
the South Side Improvement Co. 

ESKEW, SMITH & CANNON— W. J. 
Eskew, Jr., and A. Q. Smith who had 
been manufacturing and jobbing confec- 
tioners for 15 years and H. P. CannoE 



— 88 — 



who for eight years had heen in the 
wholesale stove, house furnishings and 
miner's suply trade, combined their in- 
terests in Feb., 1S99. Th? firm manu- 
facture a large line of candies at 22 Sum- 
mers St., and carry a complete assort- 
ment in both lines at t>4 Capitol St., 
where they have one of the nicest retail 
stores in the State in house furnishings. 
The factory and warerooms on Summers 
St. covers three floors and basement, 20x 
100 ft., where several people are employ- 
ed. The Capitol St. building is four 
stories and basement, 22x120 ft., con- 
taining the stock and offices. This firm 
is doing an extensive trade in the lines 
above mentioned and assisting in 
Charleston's progression. 









Prince, Mahan & Keeney. 

PRINCE, MAHAN & KEENEY— Tnis 
firm occupies the store at No. 20 Sum- 
mers St., using first and second floors 
for wholesale stock and third floor for 
the manufacture of confectioneries. Four 
salesmen visit the principal merchants 
for 100 miles around, and although the 
firm was organized in April, 1899, it en- 



joys a fair share of trade. The confec- 
tion line is complete, while crackers and 
cakes are also handled, as well as to- 
bacco and cigars. W. A. Mahan, Mana- 
ger, is a native Charlestonian; J. F. 4: 
F. A. Prince are merchants at Prince, 
W. Va.; S. H. Keeney is also a Charles- 
tonian, while A. J. McClure, of Hills- 
boro, O., has resided here for 12 years 
past and has been selling goods for the 
shoe house of Dages, Andrews & Co. 
The building illustrated herewith is well 
occupied with the manufactory and the 
wholesale stock of the firm, and in the 
various departments Prince, Mahan & 
Keeney gives employment to 15 or more 
persons, thereby assisting in Charles- 
ton's progression. 

JOSEPH r^OPP, a native of Germany, 
came to Charleston in 187 5, and ten years 
later commenced harness manufacturing. 
He keeps several men and does a large 
custom business as well as considerable 
jobbing in Kanawha and adjoining coun- 
ties. Collars, whips, horse furnishings, 
etc. Mr. Popp purchases from leading 
manufacturers and his long and honor- 
able dealing in the harness line has 
given him a large patronage in this ana 
surrounding counties. In addition to sad- 
lery and harness goods Mr. Popp carries 
a large line of shoe findings and shoe- 
makers' supplies. 

CHARLES POPP, a native of Pittsburg, 
30 years in Charleston and formerly in 
the tanning business, opened June 1, 1901, 
a line of saddles, harness, bridles, col- 
lars, whips, etc., at No. 235 Kanawha St., 
and is prepared to accommodate custo- 
mers in that line at wholesale and retail. 

A. C. Hall at 231 Kanawha St., keeps a 
similar establishment. 

PAYNE SHOE CO.— This business was 
established in 1889, the house rapidly 
coming to the front as one of the most 
important firms, in the boot and shoe 



— 89 — 




K. Payne is vice president of the Cham- 
ber of Commerce and has been a direc- 
tor of the Charleston iNational Bank for 
10 years past. His handsome home on 
Kanawha street is illustrated on later 
page. Frank ±-ayne is president of the 
Mile Branch Coal Co. and of the Glen- 
wood Athletic Club. Houses like the 
Payne Shoe Co. add to the commercial 
importance of Charleston and assist in 
advertising this city in adjoining states. 

LOEB SHOE CO.— Charles Loeb from 
Cincinnati; located in Charleston, in 
1872, and for 25 years has been in the 
shoe trade. Four years ago the Loeb 
Shoe Co. was organized to do a local 
jobbing trade in connection with the 
retail business which deals largely in 
the high class grades of shoes. The 
store and stock occupy three floors, at 
No. 12 Capitol St., in the stone-front 
Brown Block. 



Furniture, &c. 



jobbing trade, to be found outside of the 
metropolitan cities. Six traveling men are 
required to keep pace with the increasing 
trade in W. Va., Ohio and Ky. The hand- 
some business block at No* 325, 327 Vir- 
ginia St., four stories and basement, 
pressed brick front, with interior finished 
in oak, was erected in 1891. The stock 
carried has been increased from year to 
year and embraces all the requirements 
of the trade in boots, shoes and <rub- 
bers. Chas. K. Payne and Frank Payne 
are the managers. The Payne Brothers 
are natives of Giles Co., Va., Chas. K. 
having commenced the shoe trade in Char- 
leston twelve years since, and his brother 
joining him a couple of years later when 
the store building was erected. Chas. 



THE DAWLEY FURNITURE CO. was 
incorporated in 1891, E. C. Dawley presi- 
dent and manager, Frank Woodman sec- 
retary and treasurer, for conducting a 
general wholesale furniture trade. The 
business occupies the double three-story 
brick building, Nos. 307 and 309 Virginia 
street. 

BROOKS, MEAD & CO.— 'This company 
was organized in 1892 with authorized 
capital of $100,000, and does an install- 
ment and general house furnishing trade 
at 301 Kanawha St., the business extend- 
ing throughout this and adjoining States. 

GEO. T. BARLOW commenced the 
furniture trade in Charleston in 1867, and 
has built up a large trade in general furn- 
iture. With the start of this business 
Mr. Barlow established undertaking and 
has ever held a front rank in that line, 
having a hearse and two fine funeral 



— 90 — 



cars, 12 carriages, and all other necessi 
ties. Both lines are held forth at corner 
of Court and ivanawha Sts., in the Bar- 
low block, built in 1887. 



Miscellaneous. 

RUDESILL & MEAD— C. J. Rudesili & 

Son commenced the wholesale and retail 

queensware business in Charleston in 

GRAND RAPIDS FURNITURE CO.- 1888 and with j anuary> 190lf the firm be . 

came Rudesili & Mead. The business 



This extensive wholesale and retail bus- 



factory. 



iness was incorporated Aug., 1900, W. B. occupies a store in the Shrewsbury 
Shober, president; H. J. Ward, secretary block No 65 Capitol st| three floor3 anf| 
and treasurer. The company occupies basement 22x100 ft., which is fully stocked 
four floors in the Fountain Block, at Nos. with cMna> croc kery, glassware, lamps, 
76, 78 Capitol St., dealing in medium and lanterns, tinware and stoneware.' Rude- 
high grades of furniture, whicn is sold sill & Mead arfe jmpor ters and jobbers 
to customers or shipped to the order of enjoying an extensive trade in W. Va., 
the trade wherever desired. The first and have some customers in adjoining 
year of uusiness has proven vory satis- states. Mr. Rudesili was in this business 

with his father at Gallipolis, O., prior to 
locating in Charleston, while C. H. Mead, 
a Kentuckian, has been here from boy- 
hood serving as bookkeeper with P. H. 
Rend & Co. for several years past. 

CABLISH BROTHERS. — This firm 
opened, in March, 1898, has rapidly gain- 
ed an excellent trade from its special ef- 
fort to give the best qualities in all its 
products. The line of bakery goods is 
very complete, and Cablish Brothers also 
make an assortment of fine candies on 
which they are building a nice jobbing 
trade, but their great reputation has been 
made in the manufacture of ice cream, 
which they ship as far east as Hinton 
and well over the Kanawha Valley for 100 
miles or more. They also have a large 
city and country trade on their bakery 
goods. The Cablish Brothers are Ken- 
tuckians, coming here early in '98, and 
their success is worthy of note. Ten per- 
sons are employed here and the goods 
of the firm assist in advertising Charles- 
ton. 

u. BLUSTEIN— S. A. Blustein & Co. 
commenced dealing in hides, furs, wool, 
ginseng and other roots, beeswax, feath- 
ers, etc., in 1891, which has grown to quite 
an important jobbing trade. After the 
death of S. A. Blustein, in 1897 the firm 
became Blustein Bros., which was dis- 

91 — 




Grand Rapids Furniture Co. 




solved March 1, 1901, David Blustein con- 
tinuing the business at the old stand. He 
owns the building, illustrated herewith, 
has traveling buyers visit the local towns 
for a distance of 200 miles, and the trade 
in all the before mentioned articles is 
steadily increasing, that of ginseng alone 
reaching $50,000 per year and distrib- 
uting a nice sum of money to root dig- 
gers. This articie goes to China, while 
the hides are sold principally to eastern 
tanners. From $100,000 in '98, the trade 
of this house increased to $136,000 in '99 
and above $150,000 in 1900. 

J. M. GATES.— Among the long estab- 
lished houses of Charleston is that of 
J. M. Gates which was started in 1862 and 
has successively been doing business on 
Summers St., near its present site, Nos. 
27 and 29. The line carried is paints, 
varnishes, oils, roofing and wall papers 
at wholesale and retail. Three salesmen 
are kept on the road and the business 
of the house extends throughout the Ka- 
nawha Valley. Mr. Gates' four sons, J. H., 
D. H., Wm. S., and J. A. Gates are in 
the active management of the business. 



CHARLES CAPITO has a well estab^ 
lished trade in wholesale liquors at 304 
Kanawha St., where he occupies three 
floors and keeps everything desirable in 
that line of goods. His beer bottling was 
mentioned on page 74. Mr. Capito has 
been in business here since 1872, a direc- 
tor in the Kanawha Natl. Bk. since its 
organization, holds stock in several man- 
ufacturing enterprises, is president of the 
Charleston Chamber of Commerce, and 
recognized as a progressive citizen. 

Ben Baer, o. E. West and others also 
do business in the wholesale liquor line. 

[Wholesale and Retail Continued on page 110.] 

Churches. 

PRESBYTERIANS— The Kanawha and 
First Presbyterian Churches, coming from 
the same root, continue the same history 
up to 1872. Henry Ruffner under direc- 
tion of the Lexington Presbytery, organ- 
ized the Kanawha Presbyterian church 
Mar. 14, 1819, and served a year as pastor. 
(Among the following names are some 
who served only as supplies which in 
Presbyterian usage is quite different from 
a pastor.) Calvin Chaddock came 1820; 
Nathaniel Calhoun, '26; A. S. Morrison, 
'35; Jas. M. Brown, D. D., an able min- 
ister, served from Apr., '37 till his death 
June 8, '62; J. McC. Blaney commenced 
'62; J. C. Downing, '67; J. C. Barr (as- 
sisted by N. G. Geddes for a few months) 
as a supply, '69 till the separation in 
1872. 

Feb. 21, '72, two rolls were prepared, 
150 petitioning to unite with the Green- 
brier Presbytery while 21 desired to go 
with the W. Va. Presbytery. The prop- 
erty was amicably divided, the minority 
receiving the parsonage and the larger 
congregation keeping the old church 
which stood on Virginia St. near the site 
now occupied by Abney & Barnes' store. 
This congregation decided to take the 
name of 



— 92 




Residence Charles K. Payne, Kanawha Street. 

FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH and at Lick Branch, Glen Elk and Glenwood 
Dr. J. C. Barr has continued as pastor from the First church have become sepa- 
ever since. Dr. Barr is a native of Wash- rate organizations. The stone church on 
ington Co., Pa., graduated from Jefferson Quarrier St. was opened for services June, 



College 1855, and from Wesleyan Theolog- 
ical Seminary of Allegheny. '58. He 
preached two years in Pocahontas Co., 
nine years at Lewisburg, Sept., '68 be- 
came principal of the Charleston Institute 



the total cost having been $37,750. 
The auditorium has excellent accoustic 
properties, seats 700, to which the chapel 
adds 300. The stone for this structure 
was quarried near by and illustrates 



and 32 years ago began supplying the Charleston's advantages in building stone 



church of which he has been pastor for 
29 years past. R. E. Vinson, a native of 
S. C graduate of Austin College, 
Texas, '96 became co-pastor shortly after 
his graduation from Union Theological 



The parsonage also has a stone front. II 
was erected in 1890 at a cost of $6,000. 

KANAWHA PRESBYTERIAN CHURCB 
kept the original name and at the di 
vision accepted as its share of the prop- 
seminary in '99. The church has some erty the parsonage on Kanawha St., and 
500 members and with missions on the lot upon which the present church 
South Side and at Piedmont, there is stands. Jas. Richards, D. D., commenc 
work enough for both. Former missions ed supplying this church June, 1872, and 

— 93 — 




Kanawha PresLyterian Church. 

April following was installed pastor. Church. At this writing, Sept., 1901, he is 
July 30, 't5, he died suddenly at Edin- on a tour in Europe and the church is in 
burg, Scotland. Revs. Gibbs and Cleg- charge of Earle A. Brooks, who is pastor 
horn supplied during '76, Edwin Hall, Jr., of the mission chapels of North Charles- 
'77, and March of 1878, Lyman ton and Schwanube. Mr. Brooks is a na- 



Whitting, D. D., commenced his ministra- 
tion; F. J. Stanley followed in '84, H. W. 
Torrence came in '87, continuing until 
July, '95, D. L. Winters was called Feb., 
'96, and Rheuel H. Merrill Oct. 9, '98. Mr. 
Merrill is a native of New Jersey, attend- 



tive of French Creek, W. Va., a gradu- 
ate of W. 'Va. University, and the West- 
ern Theological of Allegheny, 1900, in 
mission work at Clay C. iH;. until July, 
1901. The membership is about 250. 
After the division the congregation held 



ed Rutgers' college of New Brunswick, services in the senate chamber for a 

N. Y., and Center college of Danville, while when some of the members pur- 

Ky., graduating from Auburn Theological chased the Asbury M. E. chapel which 

seminary '97, was ordained in '98 and had been erected in 1834. The corner 

took charge of the North Presbyterian stone of the present church was laid in 

church of Binghampton, N. Y., from 1873 but the church was not completed 

whence he accepted a call to the Kanawha till 1886. It cost $3i,000, and the annex, 

— 94 — 




Residence Peter Silman, State Treasurer. 

onilt in '93, cost $12,000. Among former crated in 1869. Father Stenger after 34 

stanch members of the Kanawha Pies- years in this charge uied in the hospital 

byterian church should be mentioned at Cincinnati and was interred with his 

Judge Jas. H. Blown, Isaac Noyes Smith, people in Mt. Olivet Cemetery here. He 

the late Dr. Comstock, Mr. Sentz, John was followed by Vicar Genl. Right Rev. 

C. Claypool and many others. The Mgr. J. T. Sullivan, who served but six 



church is now affiliated with Parkers- 
burg presbytery, under jurisdiction of the 
Northern Assembly. 

SACRED HEART R. C. CHURCH — 
The first Roman Catholic priest to say 
n:ass at Charleston was Father Hitzel- 
berger in 1836. John H. Walters offici- 



months till he too died, at Parkersburg, 
Mar. 23rd. 1901, and the remains were 
taken to Clarksburg. 

The corner stone for the handsome 
stone church on Broad St. was laid July 
28, 1895, and the structure although not 
entirely completed has been partly used 



atcd here before the war and Father for two y ears P ast lt has cost eome 

purchase 1 



Kallenberg during the conflict. Jos. W 



$40,000. The Catholics in 



tcnger, the first resident priest, arrived some 20 acres adjoining Spring Hill cem- 

in Charleston June 5th, 1866, to organ- etei T for the use of their congregation 

ize a Catholic congregation and August and have a ver y P rett y P lot consecrated 
following was joined by Bishop Whelan 



A. lot was purchased, a small chapel built, 



to the dead. 
Father Constantine O. M. Cap. who 



and a parochial school started the same came to this charge April 20, 1901, was 

year. The old church, which still stands born in Altoona, Pa., 1864, graduated 

on Virginia St. and is used by the Y. M. I. from St. Fidelis college of Herman, Pa., 

society, cost about $2,500 and was conse- '83, was ordained June, '88, and for four 



— 95 — 



years held the chair of Philosophy at 
St. Peters & Pauls Capuchin Fathers of 
Cumberland, Md. In the charge of some 
200 Catholic families here, is assisted by 
Father Alphonsus O. M. Cap., a native 
of Wheeling, a graduate of St. Fidelis, 
ordained Dec, '99, and assisting at St. 
Augustine's R. C. Church in Pittsburg 
prior to coming to Charleston. 

St. Mary's Academy was opened at 
Charleston in 1867, by Mrs. Mary C. 
Monroe. Mrs. Mary Dodge taught '68, 
and Superior Mary Vincent came in '(0. 
New buildings were erected in '72 and 
the school continued till '94, having a 
department for the parochial school. It 
was then discontinued and the Catholic 
children have since attended the public 
schools. 

Father Constantine holds low mass at 
7:30 each Sunday and high mass and 
sermon at 10 a. m. Catechism com- 
mences at 3 p. m. Evening services at 
7:30. 

The Y. M. I. meets in the old Catholic 
church on Virginia St. and has about 40 
members. Pres. Jos. Beller, Sec. Leo 
App, Treas. Andrew Coffey. The A. O. 
H. started about 1875, has but a small 
membership. Pres., M. V. Smith; Sec, 
Jos. Clark; Treas., Michael Hagerty. 

BAPTISTS— John Alderson, a Baptist 
preacher, came to the upper part of the 
Kanawha Valley in 1777. Jas. Johnson 
organized the Kanawha Baptist church, 
near Paint Creek, prior to 1800, and a 
church was erected soon afterwards, 
which stood until the civil war. The 
Charleston Baptist church was organ- 
ized Oct. 30, 1869, by Rev. P. H. Murray, 
and a brick building erected which still 
stands at the corner of Donnally and 
Laidley Sts. He had been preaching for 
some time previous to the organization 
and continued until 1870, when Rev. J. B. 
Hardwicke became first regular pastor, 
followed by A. M. Simms and S. F. Tay- 



lor. Rev. T. C. Johnson is the present 
pastor and the membership is about 300. 
The temporary building, which stands on 
the corner of Capitol and Washington 
Sts., was erected in 1892 to serve until 
a new edifice should be constructed and 
active steps have been taken to com- 
mence at once on the new structure, 
which will cost some $25,000 and be com- 
pleted next year. 

THE FIRST BAPTIST church was or- 
ganized by the colored people of Charles- 
ton soon after the civil war and a frame 
church was built in 1873, Frank James 
preaching for a time. It has had a long 
list of preachers, J. C. Taylor coming 
early in the eighties, since which the 
succession has been R. M. Mayhew, 1889; 
G. B. Howard, '90; L. T. Christmas, '96; 
J. Eullan Bullock, '99. Mr. Bullock was 
ordained in 18v4, and graduated from 
Kalabar College, of Kingston, Jamaica, 
'78. The church on Washington St. was 
commenced in 1890 and opened for ser- 
vices two years later. With lot and par- 
sonage the property is valued above $20,- 
000. The membership numbers about 
750. 

STATE ST. M. E. CHURCH.— Henry 
Bascom of the M. E. church took Charles- 
ton in his circuit in 18±3 and the next 
year a class was formed and a few years 
later a frame church was built. A dozen 
different itinerants ministered prior to 
1834, in which year under the ministra- 
tions of W. Young, D. D., Asbury brick 
chapel was erected, which is now in use 
by the Capital City vehicle Co. Wm. T. 
Hand, David Reed, J. W. Fowble, Thos. 
Gorsouch, H. C. Adams, B. N. Spahr, 
R. S. Fosler, A. J. Lyda, and Alex. Mar- 
tin were on the circuit prior to 1851, 
when Charleston was made a station; 
since which the succession has been G. 
Battelle, '51; J. L. Clark, '53; T. B. Tay- 
lor, '55; R. L. Woodyard, '56; J. S. Pat- 



— 96 — 



terson, '57; R. A. Arthur, '59; Henry 
Stevens, '61; A. Stevens, '64; R. A. Ar- 
tnur, '65; W. E. Williams, '66; G. W. 
Richmond, '68; Ash Hall, '69; E. W. 
Ryan, 70; J. A. Kibbe, 72; F. Ball, 73; 
W. M. Mullennix, 74; E. W. Ryan' 76; 
S. B. Prickett, 78; G. C. Shaffer, 79; j. 
A. Fullerton, '82; A. J. Lyda, '85; A. 
Mick, '87; S. J. Cotton, '91; A. B. Riker, 
D. D., '96; M. P. Compton, D. D., '98.' 
Dr. Compton is a graduate of Alleghany 




State Street M. E. Church. 



College and of Drew Theological Semi- 
nary. He has served in the ministry for 
twenty years. 

The State Street church was built in 
the high times of 1872 and cost $16,000. 
The auditorium seats 500 persons. 

The State St. parsonage was erected in 
]900 and with lot cost $8,200. 

BOWMAN M. E. is on Elk Ave., West 
Side. A building was erected in '92 at 
which time the society became perman- 
ent under the preaching of Rev. Sage 
and Presiding Elder Graham, although 



it had been temporarily organized some 
years prior. C. H. Malony became pastor 
'93; E. D. Hanna, '95; C. R. Shackleford, 
'96; G. E. Morris, '98, who died June, 
1900, and Jas. E. Bird supplied till Eu- 
gene Weaver came Oct., 1900. 

SIMPSON M. E.— This brick church 
on Quarrier St. was finished by the col- 
ored people in 1883 and with lot is worth 
$20,000. The pastors have been S. Ham- 
mond, '83; A. Becks, '85; R. P. Lawson, 
'87; R. H. Robinson, '88; J. W. Walters, 
'91; D. W. Shaw, Ph. D., '96; G. W. W. 

97 — 



Jenkins, B. D., Apr. 13, 1901. He is a 
graduate of Centenary Biblical Institute 
'78 and was preaching in Baltimore prior 
to locating in Charleston. The Simpson 
was originally organized in war times 
but revived in '82 and has been greatly 
built up the present year. 

ST. PAUL'S A. M. E. was organized by 
the colored people in 1897, under F. D. 
Taylor. C. P. Powell came early in '98; 
Geo. W. Webster late in '98; C. P. Har- 
rington 1900 and W. B. Anderson 1901. 
He graduated from the Atlanta Univer- 
sity in 1882, from the theological tle- 
partment of the New Orleans University 
'76, and has been in the ministry since. 
St. Paul's Church is of brick, is located 
on Court street, and cost about $3,000. It 
had been sold for debt, but has been re- 
deemed the present year. 

DICKINSON CHAPEL— Rev. W. Bris- 
coe, who died Apr. 5, 1901, preached here 
in March, 1851, and a class of the M. E. 
Cburch South was formed at thai. time. 
A building erected in 1858 was burned 
in war times and the congregation be- 
came scattered. The church was reor- 
ganized by J. T. Johnson, in '66, since 
when pastors have succeeded as follows: 
P. S. Wade, '67; W. G. Miller, '70; J. T. 
Jchnson, '72; N. G. Robinson, '74; C. C. 
Armstrong, '76; W. T .Bowling, '78; G. 
W. Young, '79; John Mitchell, '80; J. M. 
Carter, '81; W. T. Bowling, '82; J. W. 
Hampton, '83; W. E. Boggs, '86; John 
Martin, '87; C. W. Cook, '88; S. F. Mc- 
Clung, '92; B. F. Gosling, '94; J. W. 
Hampton, '96; W I. Canter, '98. Cut of 
church on page 56. 

ROANE ST. AND S. S. M. E— A South- 
ern M. E. church was established near 
the head of Roane St. about 8 years ago 
and its pastors have been Revs. Moss, 

J. W. Crites, Winn, Arthur McLean, 

'96; G. S. Lightner, '98; and W. B. F. 



Ball a native of Tazewell Co., Va., reared 
in this State, who attended school at 
Lebanon, O., and the Princeton academy 
before entering the ministry 6 years ago. 
He came to this charge in '99 and through 
his efforts the church at Fern Bank, that 
had been several years under way, has 
recently been completed. This South 
Side edifice is a substantial stone one, 
worth about $4,000. 




Hrst Presbyterian. — iSee page bS. 

GLEN ELK & GLENWOOD— Glen Elk, 
on the West Side, was built by the First 
Presbyterian church in 1885 and the so- 
ciety became a separate organization in 
'87. The pastors and supplies have been 
B. F. Patton, B. A. Pendleton, Robt. 
Mann, 96; H. J. Williams, June, '99. Mr. 
Williams is a native of Greenville, Au- 
gusta Co., Va., a graduate of Union Theo- 
logical seminary of Richmond and this 
is his first charge. The Glen Elk con- 
gregation have secured the Bream bury- 
ing ground on Charleston St. and con- 
template building a $10,000 edifice a year 
or two hence. Membership over 100. 



— 98 — 



Glenwood Mission was buLi. by the 
First church in 1891 and organized as a 
church about 5 years later. It has about 
25 members and Has been supplied by the 
same ministers as Glen Elk. 

THE KANAWHA EPISCOPAL parish 
was chartered in 1788 by act of the Vir- 
ginia legislature, and in 1814 the central 
nucleus was at Cole's Mouth, now St. 
Albans, Jos. Willard missionary. Ihs early 
families in this vicinity were the Thomp- 
sons, Slaughters, Summers, Quarriers, 
Rogers, McFarlands, Patricks, Drydens, 
Lovells, Welchs, Reynolds, Lewis and 
perhaps others. Chas. N. Page came as 
a missionary to this county in 1822, ana 
the first church was built at St. Albans, 
'25. The succession of rectors have been 
F. D. Goodwin, '31; J. B. Martin, '34; St. 
Johns church built at Charleston, '35; Dr. 
Jas. Craik came 39 and under his minis- 
tration St. Lukes church erected at Mai- 
den about '40; H. D. Ward came '45; 
F. M. Whittle, present bishop of Vir- 
ginia located here in '47; R. T. Brown, 
'50; T. L. Smith, '54. The Federal army 
took the church for storage of quarter- 
master's supplies in '61 and the congrega- 
tion was scattered till W. F. M. Jacobs 
came '65; O. K. Pate, '66; Jos. A. Nock, 
'C7; C. M. Callaway, '70; R. A. Cobbs, '75, 
under whose ministrations in '84 the 
foundation of 

ST. JOHNS CHURCH, corner of Quar- 
rier and Broad Sts., was laid. This was 
consecrated June 9, 1901 at a cost of over 
$51,000. Rev. Cobbs died in '87 and was 
succeeded in '88 by R. D. Roller, D. D. 
Dr. Roller is a native of Rockingham Co., 
Va., attended Mercersburg college and 
g: aduated from the Theological Semi- 
nary of Va. 1876. He served as rector at 
Hanover, Va. to '79 and of Trinity church 
at Martinsburg until he came to Charles- 
ton. Dr. Roller is chaplain and chair- 
man of the executive committee of the 
Sheltering Arms hospital of Paint Creek 




St. John's Episcopal Church* 

and widely known in Charleston's chari- 
table work. 

MISSIONS.— St. Luke's, on the West 
Side, was built in '74, and removed to its 
present site in '93, where a rectory was 
purchased. In '94 St. Mathews, a hand- 
some $6,000 stone church, was built a 
mile south of the city and the same yea^ 
St. Andrews, a rustic church on Davis 
Creek. These missions since 1897 have 
been in charge of Gerald Card, a gradu- 
ate of both the classic and theological 
departments of Trinity College, of To- 
ronto, Ont. 

VIRGINIA AVE. BAPTIST.— This 
church was organized in 1882 and the late 
John Stump served as pastor until Chas. 
Davis came in '95; M. A. Kelley, '97; J. 
E. Taylor supplied 3 months of '99 when 



— 99- 




Hebrew Educational Society. 



the pastorate was vacant for 9 months. 
Chas. E. Griffin was born in Mo., reared 
in Ohio, attended Dennison University for 
three years, and graduated from Crozer 
Theological seminary of Chester, Pa., 
shortly prior to locating here June 1, 
1900. The church has been greatly re- 
vived under his ministrations and now 
numbers 116. The edifice is valued at 
$2,500. 

HEBREW EDUCATIONAL SOCIETY 
was incorporated March, 1873, and Rabbi 
M. Schwed was first teacher. There have 
been a number of Rabbis in charge prior 
to Leon Volmer who is a native of Lit- 
tle Rock, Ark., graduated at the 
University of Cincinnati, in June last, 
coming here Sept. 1, 1901. The society 
started with ten members and soon af- 



terwards erected a small synagogue on 
State street. In 1892-3 it had grown 
strong enough to build the handsome syn- 
agogue on Virginia street, illustrated 
herewith. This, with lot, cost $25,000 and 
is a model bunding. The officers are 
Chas. Loeb, Pres.; B. Batr, V. P.; Her- 
bert Frankenberger, Sec; Ph. Franken- 
berger, Treas.; Sol May, Warden; I. 
Schwabe, M. Goldbarth, Gus Stern Trus- 
tees. 

THE CHILDREN OF JACOB.— This 
Hebrew Society was started in 1893 by 
Rabbi Aldrich and came under the min- 
istrations of S. Friedman the following 
year, when the present synagogue on 
Court St. was purchased. The society 
has about 40 members and are known as 
Orthodox Jews. 



— 100 — 



Entertainment Interest. 




Burlew Opera House. 

BURLEW OPERA HOUSE.— Many per- 
sons desire first class entertainments and 
these can only be had when there is a 
suitable opera-house. Charleston is fa- 
vored in having one which is a source of 
pride to her citizens. The Burlew, which 
was opened Oct. 31, 1891, and in which the 
best troupes on the road have played 
within the past ten seasons. It has a 
seating capacity of 1,500 including ten 
handsomely fitted private boxes. The 
stage is 41x65ft., and there are 12 well ap- 
pointed dressing rooms with convenient 
exits for safety against fire. The audi- 
torium is on the ground floor and finely 
lighted by electricity and gas. The Bur- 
lew is a credit to Charleston, to N. S. 
Burlew, who is careful to list the best at- 
tractions attainable, and to Frank Wood- 
man, the other proprietor who had the 
public spirit to assist in the erection of a 
first class opera house in this city. 

THE HOTEL RUFFNER was opened 
by Ruffner Brothers in 1886 and came 
into the hands of the Charleston Hotel 



Co., Geo. O. Taylor, manager, March 4, 
1901. Probabaly no other house in this 
State combines more excellent features 
than the Ruffner. It is five stories in 
height, built of pressed brick, and its 
architectural beauty is an admiration. 
Since the recent improvements the in- 
terior is very imposing. Its marble 
floor lobby, handsome columns, artistic 
paintings and decorations, make of it a 
modern and model hotel. It is equipped 
with elevator, electric return call bells, 
steam heat, a complete electric light, ice 
and cold storage plant, and the usual 
conveniences of the better class of hotels. 
Its one hundred guests rooms are attrac- 
tively fitted, its parlors and dining room 
luxuriously furnished and the menu is 
the best the market affords. The loca- 
tion of this hostlery at the corner of 
Kanawha and Hale streets gives easy ac- 
cess to the depots and business centre, 
as well as a magnificent view up and 
down the Kanawha river. Its present 
proprietors are making every reasonable 
endeavor to meet the wishes of the trav- 
eling public, and Hotel Ruffner is a 
credit to Charleston and this State. 




Hotel Ruffner. 



101 — 




Hotel Washburn Row. 

HOTEL WASHBURN— This house is at in Charleston since 1888, and is posted 
No. 52 Capitol street, directly oposite in catering to the public. Chas. H. Fish- 
the Postoffice, has office, dining room and er, clerk, was a former manager of the 
kitchen on first floor, and some thirty house and has been with the St. Albert 
guests rooms over Nos. 52, 54 and 56 for three years. The location is 224 
Capitol street. It is well kept by A. C. to 230 Kanawha St. 
Lawrence, a native of Maiden, who was 
reared in Winifrede, and commenced the 
hotel business in Charleston August 16, 
1899, having for three years tprior been 
deputy clerk of Kanawha Co. circuit and 
criminal courts. The Washburn has a 
nice parlor, furnishes clean beds, a good 
menu and neat dining room at the mod- 
erate price of $1 to $2 per day. No A&i'jk 
saloon attached. 



THE iST. ALBERT is a substantially 
constructed four story brick, built for ho- 
tel purposes and containing 50 guests' 
rooms, is the largest $2.00 per day house 
here. It is provided with an elevator 
and its rooms well furnished with mod- 
ern conveniences.. J. L. Roadarmour, 
manager, is a native of Gallia Co., Ohio, 



«r^~ 




St. Albert Hotel. 



— 102 — 



Medical Matters. 

This sketch could hardly be considered 
complete without a brief reference to the 
men who have tried to relieve suffering 
humanity. The first physician here of 
whom we find record was Dr. Shrewsbury, 
who came about 1800. Dr. Eoff, 1811; 
Spicer Patrick, '16; Dr. Cushman, '30; 
J. P. Hale, '44; Ben Wilson, '45; Milton 
Parker, '46; A. B. Summers, '50, who 
died March 30, 1901; and numerous oth- 
ers in the past 50 years besides those 
mentioned hereafter, who have remained 
short periods. 

DR. JOHN T. COTTON was born at 
Marietta in 1819, was the first graduate 
from Marietta College, attended the Ohio 
Medical College, located in Ravenswood 
'43 and became a partner of Dr. Spicer 
Patrick at Charleston June 1, '45; soon 
afterwards purchasing the Cotton block, 
S. E. corner Capitol and Kanawha Sts., 
where he still holds an office but has re- 
tired from practice. 

DR. A. S. PATRICK is the son of Spicer 
Patrick, who was born in Oneida Co., N. 
Y., Jan. 28, 1791, practiced in Charleston 
65 years and died here in 1884. Alfred 
S. graduated from Marietta College '49, 
Oiiio Medical College '53, practiced 5 years 
in Mason Co. and located here in '59. 

DR. W. P. EWING, LL.D., is a native 
of Rockbridge Co., Va. ,and graduated 
from Jefferson Medical College of Phil- 
adelphia in 1846. He has been continu- 
ously in practice here since 1871. Office 
338 Kanawha St. Dr. Ewing has served 
as president of the State Board of Health 
and is one of the U. S. pension examiners 
at this place. 

DR. J. M. STAUNTON, a native of 
Genesse Co., i\. Y., attended the Geneva 
Medical College and commenced practice 
in 1845. In 1859 he visited the petroleium 



distilleries of the Cannel Coal Co., four 
miles up Mill Creels from Elk, and the next 
year located there. Fifteen years later 
he removed to Charleston, where he has 
since been in active practice. Office in his 
new residence, i>80 Kanawha St. 

DR. J. T. BARBER, a native of Ply- 
mouth, Ind.. graduated from Marietta Col- 
lege in 1877, later receiving the A. M. 
from the same college and taught for some 
years in West Virginia. On a competitive 
examination he received a scholarship in 
the University of Pennsylvania, and after 
graduating from the medical department 
of that institution in 1882, located in Char- 
leston. Dr. Barber is a member of the 
American and State Medical Association, 
has been president of the local and is now 
secretary of the Charleston Medical Asso- 
ciation. He is City Health Officer and 
president of the County Board of Health. 
In 1901 he visited the principal hospitals 
of Europe for clinical study and is again 
at 364 Virginia St. 

DR. W. W. TOMPKINS, a native of 
Kanawha Co. and graduate of Columbia 
College, New \ork class of 1882 has been 
in active general practice in Charleston 
since that time. Office at No. 56 Capi- 
tol St. 

Dr. J. B. Houston, of Monroe Co., W. 
Va., graduated from the Medical College 
of Ohio in '82 and located here in '91. 
Office 75% Capitol St. 

Dr. J. F. Wilcox, a native of this Co., 
giaduated from the University of Lou- 
isville in '83, and located in Charleston. 
Office Lynn Block. 

DR. R. S. HENRY, a graduate of the 
University of Md. located in Charleston 
in 1884 and ten years later he spent some 
months in Europe in clinical study of 
the eye, ear and throat, which are his 
specialties, but he also does general prac- 
tice. Office Arcaae Building. 



— 103 — 



Dr. J. L. Stump, a native of Gilmer Co., 
W. Va., graduated from the Virginia 
Medical College of Richmond, in '88, and 
the following year located in Charleston. 
He was first mayor of Elk City and has 
erected a good business block on Sum- 
mers St., opp. the P. 0. 
V 

DR. J. M. M'CONIHAY is a native of 
Cabell Co., graduated from the Ken- 
tucky School of Medicine, 1876, and lo- 
cated in Charleston in '89. Dr. McConi- 
hay took a post graduate course at the 
Polyclinic of New York in '91 and again 
in '99, to keep pace with progressive 
medicine. Office and residence 184 State 
St. 

DR. JAMES PuTNEY.— Richard Put- 
ney commenced the practice of medicine 
at Charleston in 1815, residing in this 
vicinity until his death, in 1862. James 
Putney Sr. practiced in this vicinity from 
'46 till '76 and the present James Putney, 
who was born at Maiden, graduated from 
the University of Maryland in '89, at- 
tended the Polyclinic of New York and 
located here in 1891. Office at 56 Capi- 
tol St. 

DR. I. P. CHAMPE, a native Charles- 
tonian, attended the University of West 
Virginia and graduated from the College 
of Physicians and Surgeons of Balti- 
more in 1892. Soon afterwards he locat- 
ed in Charleston. Office 30% Capitol St. 

DR. V. T. CHURCHMAN, a native of 
Augusta Co., Va., graduated from Jeffer- 
son Medical College of Philadelphia in '89, 
practiced at Alderson, this State, for two 
years, spent a year in studies of the eye, 
ear, throat and nose as a post graduate 
and located in Charleston 1892. Dr. 
Churchman is a member of the principal 
medical societies and interested in Char- 
leston industries. Office at 362 Washing- 
ton £t. 



DR. G. C. SCHOOLFIELD is a Ken. 
tuckian and graduate of the Medical Col- 
lege of Ohio, Class of 1891. After serv- 
ing a year as resident physician of the 
Good Samaritan Hospital of Cincinnati he 
located in Charleston, where he has since 
practiced and has an office at 75% Capi- 
tol St. 

DR. H. H. YOUNG was born in Cincin- 
nati, reared in Kentucky, and graduated 
from the Ohio Medical College, Class of 
1900. He served as resident physician 
to the Christ Hospital of Cincinnati and 
in June 1901 accepted a partnership with 
Dr. Schoolfield as above. 

DR. A. G. STAUNTON is a Charleston- 
ian graduate of University of Penn. '93, 
and in practice here since. Dr. Rachel 
Bullard Staunton graduated for the Wo- 
man's Medical College of Philadelphia in 
'94 and in practice here the next year. 
Married Dec, '98. Partners since. 

DR. H. F. TICKLE, a native of Bur- 
lington, N. C, graduated from the Balti- 
more Medical College in 1894 and located 
in Charleston, where he has continued in 
practice. Office 246 Capitol St. 

DR. CHARLES O'GRADY was born in 
Galway, Ireland, came to Charleston in 
childhood attended the University of West 
Virginia and graduated B. S. from Kana- 
wha Military Institute. He studied medi- 
cine at the Georgetown University and 
the Kentucky School or Medicine re- 
ceiving the degree of M. D. from the latter 
in 1897 and opened a practice in Charles- 
ton. His office is at 69% Capitol St. 

DR. C. W. ROOT, a native of Pitts- 
field, Mass., was educated in the schools 
and graduated from the medical depart- 
ment of the university at Ann Arbor, 
Mich., in 1893. He began practice as as- 
sistant surgeon at the copper mines in 
Upper Michigan, and was next associated 
for over two years with Dr. Wurie- 



— 104 — 



mann, the eminent specialist, in Milwau- 
kee. He then took post-graduate courses 
at the Polyclinics in New York and Phil- 
adelphia, finally locating at Charleston in 
1897. Practice confined to diseases of the 
eye, ear, nose and throat. Office Rooms 
31-32 Arcade. 

DR. C. E. COPELAND, a native of Mon- 
roe Co., graduated from the College of 
Physicians and Surgeons of Baltimore, 
1892, took a post-graouate there '9S, and 
has been in practice here since Apr., '99. 
Office at 88 Charleston St. 

DR. L. L. AULTZ, a native of this 
county and graduate from the Louisville 
Medical College of '94, took post-gradu- 
ate courses at Philadelphia, '98, and at 
Baltimore, 1900, becoming a partner with 
Dr. Copeland Jan., 1901. 

Dr. A. A. Shawkey, of Jefferson Co., 
Pa., took a three years' course in the 
Portland (Me.) School of Medicine, prac- 
ticed for a year at Eglon, W. Va., grad- 
uated from the College of Physicians 
and Surgeons of Baltimore in 1900 and 
May 15 of that year located in Charles- 
ten. Office 21 H Capitol St. 

DR. J. C. GEIGER, also from Augusta 
Co., Va., and a graduate of the Virginia 
University, located in practice here the 
present year and has office with Dr. 
Churchman. 

Dentists — Refractionist. 

DR. J. N. MAHAN, a native Charles- 
tonian, and dental practitioner of 25 
years' standing, is located at No. 75 Cap- 
itol St., where he makes a specialty of 
crown and bridge work and gold fillings. 

DR. E. A. BOTKIN was born in this 
city and commenced dentistry here 25 
years ago. For four years past he has 
held an office at corner of Court and 
Donnally sts., but removed Oct. 1st to 
248% Front St., where he has well fitted 
rooms. 



DR. J. F. BUTTS, a native of this 
State, graduated from the Baltimore Col r 
lege, of Dental Surgery in 1890 and lo- 
cated in Charleston. Dr. Butts is Sec- 
Treas. of the State Board of Dental Ex- 
aminers. Dr. F. R. Butts graduated 
1'iom the University of Maryland in 1900, 
and is in practice with his brother at 
curner of Capitol and Virginia Sts. 

DR. F. A. COUCH, a native of Mason 
county, graduated from the Ohio College 
of Dental Surgery in 1895, and located in 
Charleston. He has office rooms over 
Boggs' drug store. 




Artistic Window Signs of 

W. H. M'DOUGAL, M. O., a native of 
Pa., graduated from the Chicago College 
of Opthalmology in 1888, and after 7 
years with a large opthalmic firm in 
Chicago removed to Indianapolis, from 
v. hence after six years of successful 
practice he removed to Charleston, Apr., 
1001, in order to avoid the malaria of 
the Hoosier State. Dr. McDougal has 
offices at 1 and 2 Arcade building, where 
he has every necessary instrument for 
thorough examination of refractory eyes, 
and prescribing the proper lenses. 



— 105 — 




Thomas & PotterfielcPs Drug Store. 



THOMAS & POTTERFIELD.— This 
drug store was started ten years ago, 
Dr. F. S. Thomas becoming proprietor in 
1894 and 'C. A. Potterfield a partner the 
next year. For eight years it has been 
located at the corner of Capitol and Vir- 
ginia Sts. This building was burned 
Jan. 2, 1900, and rebuilt the same year. 
The store is equipped for handling the 
requirements of the drug line, has the 
agency for the Edison Phonographs, and 
carries photographers' supplies. 

ROGERS PHARMACY.— In 1840, when 
Charleston had but 1,000 inhabitants, Dr. 
J. H. Rogers opened a drug store at 248 
Kanawha St. and continued in charge of 
the same until he sold to his son, J. A. 
Rogers in 1895, who is proprietor, while 
the senior Rogers has retired. This is 
unquestionably the oldest mercantile es- 
tablishment here. 

• SCOTT BROTHERS.— Among the hand- 
somely equipped drug houses of Charles- 
ton Scott Brothers, at 56 Capitol St., 



takes a leading place and carries every- 
thing in drugs and sundries. W. D. 
and G. W. Scott are natives of Charles- 
ton and opened trade here 16 years ago. 
They have assisted in the beautification 
of the city by the erection in 1891-2 of 
the handsome four-story brick block ad- 
joining the opera house. 

Home and Hospitals. 

DAVIS CHILD'S TRANSITORY SHEL- 
TER. — For many years past some of the 
States have provided homes for homeless 
children, and five years since W. Va. took 
up the work. The Huntington and Char- 
leston homes are auxiliary to the Na- 
tional society, however, instead of to the 
State society. These were established 
Apr., 1896, by D. W. Comstock, D.D., and 
a year or two since he prevailed upon 
ex-U S. Senator H. G. Davis, of Elkins, 
to furnish a permanent building for the 
Charleston friendless. The Botkin prop- 
erty, covering an acre at 412 Washington 
St., was purchased and repaired at a cost 



— 106 — 




The Davis' Child's Transitory Shelter. 



of $11,000. Senator Davis has endowed 
this with $1,200 a year for expense. The 
plan is to take children temporarily and 
secure homes for them as fast as desira- 
ble places can be found. From 12 to 17 
children have been at the home, the en- 
tries each year numbering about 50. Tho 
officers are ex-Gov. G. W. Atkinson Pres.; 
R. D. Roller, D.D., V. P.; J. Q. Dick- 
inson, Treas.; D. W. Comstock, D.D., 
State Supt.; Mrs. C. H. Seaton, Asst. 
Supt. 

THE CITY HOSPITAL.— The Medical 
Society of Charleston in 1893 petitioned 
the Council for a hospital, and the elec- 
tors in '94 approving it, bonds were is- 
sued and a fine structure was erected in 
'96-7 at a cost of $30,000. It stands some 



200 ft. above the bottom lands, com- 
manding a beautiful view of the city, 
and is surrounded by stately shade trees. 
The building is of brick, trimmed with 
stone, is four stories (.wings two stories), 
inside finished in yellow pine. The 
building is divided into wards and is 
fitted with every needed appliance of a 
good hospital. It has been leased by Dr. 
F. S. Thomas, who has the general man- 
agement under the advice of a board of 
directors. Miss Mary E. Reid officiates 
as head nurse and as superintendent of 
the Training School for Nurses, which 
has been recently established. 

Although known as the Thomas Hos- 
pital, in deference to the lessee, Dr. 
Thomas is assisted by an able corps of 



— 107 — 




City Hospital. 

physicians. The manager is a native of 
this county and graduate of the Univer- 
sity of Maryland, 1878, and of Bellevue 
Hospital Medical College '87. The hos- 
pital has a number of private rooms, 
with baths on each floor, and is among 
the best appointed buildings for its pur- 
pose in the State The directors are J. 
Q. Dickinson, J. R. Seal, F. J. Brown, 
Peter Silman, Geo. Minsker, Chas. Loeb 
and Chas. Capito. 

CHARLESTON GENERAL HOSPITAL 
was established some three years since 
by Charleston physicians and with the 
present year came under the management 
of Drs. Churchman & iSchoolfield, al- 
though open to the patients of all prac- 
titioners. The hospital was opened on 
Kanawha St., but Apr. 1901 was removed 
to Broat St., opposite the R. C. Church, 
in the building formerly occupied by 
Father Stenger. Trained nurses and all 
needed surgical appliances are found here 



for the care of the sick or wounded and 
patients are cared for at nominal rates. 



The Legal Profession. 

STATE SUPREME COURT was men- 
tioned on page 26 and we will here only 
add a line about the resident judge, 
Henry Clay McWhorter, who was born in 
Marion Co., 0., Feb. 20, 1836, and served 
as Captain Co. G, 9th W. Va., in the civil 
war. Mr. McWhorter was a member of 
the State Legislature 1865-8, serving as 
speaker of the house the latter year. He 
was again elected '84-'86. Judge Mc- 
Whorter served as prosecuting attorney 
tor Kanawha Co. '69-70, city solicitor '70, 
and was elected Nov. '96 for a twelve year 
term on the Supreme Bench. 

Among the early lawyers of note here 
we find that Edward Graham was ap- 
pointed Commonwealth Attorney in 1796 
at a salary of $40 per year. Capt. Cartmell 
and Scotch Jamie Wilson practiced at 
the Charleston bar early in the past cen- 
tury, while later came Jos. Lovell, Mat- 
thew Dunbar, Benj. H. Smith, D. E. & 
E. W. McComas, J. G. Newman, Thos. 
Smith, J. M. Laidley, J. L. Carr, Isaac 
Read, J. H. Ferguson, Chas. Hedrick, 
Robt. Thompson, W. E. Gillison, Thos. 
Gardner, J. L. Moseley, Geo. S. Patton, 
Edw. Kenna, Henry Fitzhugh, Andrew 
Parks, G. W. Summers, S. A. Miller, Nich. 
Fitzhugh, J. H. Brown, T. B. Swann and 1. 
N. Smith in antebellum days, W. A. 
Hogeman, Jas. H. Nash, E. B. Knight and 
others later. J. S. Swann, now retired, 
who was admitted in 1849, is oldest 
among those now living, and Maj. Broun 
first among those still practicing. 

BROUN & BROUN.— Maj. T. L. Broun 
was born in Loudoun Co., Va., and grad- 
uated from the University of Virginia. 



— 108 — 




Queen Shoals, Mining Village on C. C & S. Ry. 



He read law with Judge Summers, of 
this city, and was admitted to practice 
Jan., 1852. He served in the Confederate 
aiiny and was disqualified to practice 
here until the enabling act of 1870 re- 
stored that privilege to Confederate sol- 
diers, since which he has resided in 
Charleston. Fontaine Broun, son of the 
above, was born in Richmond, reared 
in Charleston, educated at the University 
of Va., admitted to practice in 1892, 
since which he has been a partner with 
hir father. Office 239 Kanawha St. 

MOLLOHAN, M'CLINTIC & MATH- 
EWS. — Wesley Mollohan, of the above 
firm, is among the oldest lawyers of 
Cbarleston, having been in continuous 
prartice here since 1864. He is a na- 
tive of Braxton Co., W. Va., admitted to 
the bar in 1864 and located in Char- 
leston nearly 36 years ago. G. 
W. McClintic, of Pocahontas Co., W. 
Va., graduated from the law department 
of the University of Va. 1886, located 
in Charleston two years later and be- 



came a partner in the firm of Mollohan 
& McClintic. W. G. Mathews was born 
al Lewisburg, Greenbrier Co., attended 
the law school of the University of Va. 
and was admitted to a partnership, in 
Jan. 1901. The firm occupy rooms 45 to 
49, Citizens' Natl. Bank building. H. 
M. Anderson, a Charlestonian, who at- 
tended Princeton University and graduat- 
ed in law at Danville, Ky., '98, has office 
with the above firm. 
W. S. LAIDLEY, a native of Cabell Co., 

read law with Judge G. W. Summers, 
was admitted to the bar in 1866, and a 
partner with his preceptor till his death 
in '68. He was then a partner with W. 
H. Hogeman till '85 anu since in practice 
alone. Office 27V 2 Capitol St. 

JOSEPH RUFFNER was admitted to 
the bar in 1871 and has been in the 
practice of law here for 30 years. He is 
serving as U. S. Commissioner and Mas- 
ter in Chancery of the U. S. Circuit 
Court. Room 12 Kanawha Valley Bank. 

(Lawyers and Office Matters Cord, page 118.) 



109 — 



Insurance Etc. cident and the North Western Life Ins. 

~" Co., of Milwaukee and Lloyd's Plate 

THE LOHMEYER-GOSHORN INSUR- Glass Co> 

ANCE AGENCY, at 291 Kanawha St., is These cover fire, life accident, marine, 

among Charleston's solid concerns, as it , p iate-glass, fidelity and judicial bonds, 

holds the general agency for this State ]^ r _ Patterson also places mortgages and 

for some of the leading insurance com- collects rents. Through care and in- 

panies of the world. This general agency dustry his business has steadily grown 

has subagents in the principal towns of unal his extensive agency is recognised 

W. Va., which report through Charles- as one of Charleston's solid concerns, 

ton, and as Lohmeyer & Goshorn keep deGRUYTER & FRASIER established 

in close touch with the home office they an underwriting agency in Charleston 

are able to give patrons prompt atten- ct. 5, '97, and have increased their busi- 

tion. Usually the busy business man has ness un tn they now have 15 fire insurance 

neither the time nor technical skill to an- companies, are the general agents in 

alyze the standing of insurance corpora- w. Va. for the New York Plate Glass 

tions; but must to a great extent rely Co. and the Ocean Accident & Guarantee 

upon the judgment of the agent with Corporation, Ltd., of London, Eng., the 

whom he places risks.. Wm. Lohmeyer largest casualty company in the world, 

removed from Baltimore to Charleston in With the complement of companies men- 

1888, while E. J. Goshorn, a native of the tioned they are in positien to place and 

city, commenced underwriting about that care for insurance of every class and 

time and in 1897 the twain combined to cover any required amount of busi- 

their agencies. Their long experience ness submitted to them. The firm is com- 

and careful attention to every detail has posed of Julius A. deGruyter, who serv- 

gained the confidence of many patrons, ed with honor as Mayor of Charleston, 

who when in need of fire, life plate-glass 1895-9, and is now connected with several 

or boiler insurance need only to express prominent business interests of the city; 

their wants and feel certain that the risk and Robert L. Frasier, who came to 

will be placed in a thoroughly reliable Charleston from Washington, D. C, Jau 

company. 19, 1891, since when he has been engag- 
ed in the fire and casualty underwriting 

DAVID W. PATTERSON, insurance bTIsiness . The offices Qlf the firm are at 

agent, at 303 Kanawha St., was born and 307 Kanawha St., opposite Hotel Ruff- 
educated at Lancaster, Pa., came to Char- ner> where the general puDl j c will be 
leston in 1883 and commenced insurance cheerfully informed as to the great ad- 
the following year. He writes for some vant ages in and about Charleston, 
of the largest American and foreign 

companies, such as the Aetna and Hart- J- E CHAMBERLAIN represents several 
ford of Conn.; Liverpool & London & standaTd fire insurance companies having 
Globe, London and Lancashire, North office in the Kanawha Natl. Bank building. 
British and Mercantile and Com- He has been about 15 y ears in tne busi " 
mercial Union, of London, Eng- ness here and is wel1 known in the city. 
land; Caledonian, of Edenburg; Ham- REINHOLD C. FRANKLIN represents 
burg-Breman, of Germany; New York the Connecticut Mutual Life Ins. Co., one 
Underwriters, Hanover, Niagara and of the oldest and most conservative Amer- 
Phoenix, of New York; Merchants, of ican companies. Office Room No. 2, Ka- 
N. J.; also the Travelers' Life and Ac- nawha Natl. Bank building. 

— no — 



RETAIL STORES. 

Under this heading we shall only be 
able to give some of the representative 
houses as we have several other matters 
of importance to describe and our space 
is limited. We feel certain that no other 
house will take exception to our giving 
the first place to 




STERRETT BROTHERS DRY GOODS 
CO. — Sterrett Brothers opened the dry 
goods trade in Charleston in 1890 and by 
meeting the demands of customers for 
a strictly first class house have steadily 
pushed to the front and in the line of dry 
goods, carpets and millinery have a stock 
that would do credit to any metropolitan 
city. The building illustrated herewith 
is 42x120ft., three floors and basement, and 
the lines are very complete in all depart- 
ments. With Jan., 1901, the Sterrett 
Bros. Dry Goods Co. was incorporated, 
Chas. F. Sterrett, Pres.; W. R. L. Sterrett, 
Vice-Pres.; Jas. B. Sterrett, Sec.-Treas. 
Thirty-two people are employed by this 
company and the magnitude of its bus- 



iness greatly assists in Charleston's for- 
ward march. 

F. J. DANIELS & CO.— This depart- 
ment store was inaugurated upon the 
completion of the handsome stone front 
Brown Block, at 16 Capitol St., in 1894, 
by J. F. Daniels, a native of Massachu- 
setts, who has Deen merchandising in 
Charleston for 20 years. The depart- 
ments cover dry goods, notions, boots 
and shoes, carpets, house furnishings, 
queensware, crockery, tinware, toys and 
bargain counters. In fact, nearly every- 
thing needed in the household aside from 
groceries and furniture proper, and mak- 
ing a great convenience to those who de- 
sire to do most of their trading with one 
he use. 




Daniels & Co. — Brown Block 

COYLE & RICHARDSON.— This house 
was established in 1884 and has always 
held a prominent place in the dry goods 
trade of Charleston. It is situated in a 
large four-story brick building, 26x126 
ft., on the corner of Capitol and Quar- 
rier Sts. They keep a full and complete 



— Ill — 



well as ladies' ready made suits, furnish- 
ing goods, and shoes, and cater especi- 
ally to the better class of trade. The firm 
employs, about 25 people. 

THE ORT CO. — Charleston has numer- 
ous stores away from the main business 
center, but there is no handsomer business 
block and perhaps no better kept store 
than that of the Ort Co., at the corner 
of Charleston St. and Virginia ave., illus- 
trated herewith. The building was erect- 
ed in 1898 by the Ort Sisters, Rose, Cath- 
arine and Anna, ai a cost of $10,000. The 
store was opened in '99 and came into 
the hands of the Ort Co. in 1900, C. C. 
Ort, manager. The line comprises dry 
C I i, p- L j goods, notions, shoes, hats caps etc., and 

y is a great convenience to the Elk City 

assortment of staple and fancy dry goods, division of Charleston. Being directly on 
foreign and domestic, embracing a wide the electric car line, i„ is readily acces- 
range of textile fabrics and notions, as s ible f-om any part of the city. 





Residence of Geo. F. Coyle. 
— 112 - 




The Oft Company. 
Shoes, Etc. 

MAY SHOE CO.— M. H. May opened a 
general store in Charleston in 1857, and 
H. W. May succeeded to the business iu 
79. In 1895 Phil. M. May became a part- 
ner, making the firm May Shoe Co. This 
firm makes a specialty of fitting customers 
with care in stylish and high grades of 
footwear. It keeps all sizes of Hanan & 
Sons' fine shoes and a complete outfit of 
everything usually found in a first-class 
retail shoe house. 

PALMER & THOMAS.— This well es- 
tablished shoe house commenced business 
in 1892 and has added to its stock from 
year to year until it is among the leaders 
in the retail shoe trade of Charleston, 
handling the Walkover. Douglas and Bar- 
rister Shoes for men. Best of All. ladies' 
shoes, made by Drew, Selby & Co.. and 
other desirable brands, covering mens, 
women's and children's footwear. It is 
located at 264 Kanawha street and enjoys 
a large trade. 



J. D. JEFFRIES & CO.— J. D. Jef- 
fries, a native Charlestonian, commenced 
clerking for the shoe firm of Jelenko & 
Loeb, at the southeast corner of Kana- 
wha and Summers streets, 23 years ago, 
and in 1878 he bought out his former em- 
ployers. He still continues at the old 
stand where he has a fine line of eastern 
makes of men's shoes, Cincinnati brands 
of ladies' shoes, and keeps a full line of 
children's shoes ruboers, etc. Mr. Jef- 
fries is sole agent in Charleston for Snag 
Proof Rubber Boots. 

Clothing & Gents' Furnishing . 




PH. FRANKENBERGER & CO. haa 
been continuously in the Charleston trade 
since 1860. Six years ago the business 
was moved to its present location, cor- 
ner of Kanawha and Summers Sts., where 
it occupies the four-story brick block, 266 
Kanawha St., illustrated herewith, car- 
i ying a full line of clothing and gent's 
furnishings, hats and caps, trunks, etc 
The firm does an extensive retail trade 
and jobs to the trade in this and adjoining 
counties. Henry Kleeman has for some 
time been a partner in the concern and 
with Jan. of the present year Herbert 
and Max Frankenberger. sons of the 



— lib — 



senior partner, became members of the 
concern. The business has increased 
within the past year or two so that more 
100m is lequhed and a hoor of No. 264 
has been secured ana will soon be con- 
nected with archways. 




Schwabe & May. 

SCHWABE & MAY.— I Schwabe and 
Sri. May commenced the wholesale and 
retail clothing trade in 1878. In '95 they 
erected the Fountain Block and moved 
into it. A. Schwabe, who had a large 
merchant tailoring business, consolidated 
with Schwabe & May at that time and 
I. Schwabe retired Jan. 1, 1901. The bus- 
iness occupies three floors at 72, 74 Cap- 
itol St., and covers a full line of mer- 
chant tailoring, clothing, and gent's fur- 
nishings, giving employment to about a 
score gf tailors, besides salesmen, and 
adding"its share to Charleston as a com- 
mercial centre. 

Millinery, Etc. 

MRS. A. V. M'GRATH, a native 
Charlestonian, has been for twelve years 
past in the millinery business here. She 
keeps, a line of millinery, art materials 
and hair goods at 232 Kanawha street, 
and attends fitting and trimming to the 
order of customers. 



Books**Laundry***Mill. 

CAPITAL, BOOK STORE— The book 
store of S. S. & £. T. JUoore was started 
in 1865 and is now owned by S. Spen- 
cer Moore & Co., the company being W. 
C. B., H. S., and G. E. Moore, sons of 
the senior partner. Moore's store has 
kept pace with the times expanding in 
each department until it is now one of 
the largest in the State covering three 
floors at No. 50 Capitol street, occupying 
7,500 feet of floor space. It does con- 
sfderable jobbing and an extensive retail 
trade in the line of books stationery, 
school, supplies, fancy goods, wall paper, 
picture frames, kodaks and photog- 
rapher's supplies, job printing, and .is 
among Charleston's solid commercial, 
houses. r 

THE HOME LAUNDRY CO. was char- 
tered, August 1901, by E. W. Staunton,. 
C. S. Peyton and others to purchase and 
consolidate the Metropolitan and Kana- 
wha steam laundries. These were old 
and well equipped plants irom which the 
best machinery has been retained and / 
modern equipments added and The Home 
Laundry Company is equalled by few 
laundries in the country. C. S. Peyton, 
president, and P. W. Sweet, secretary, 
are both experienced in the laundry 
business and with its excellent facilities 
for turning out fine work the success of 
The Home Laundry Company is assured. 
The company has thirty branch offices in 
towns of this State and Virginia, in ad- 
dition to the city trade: employs 15 to 
20 peoDle, and assists in advertising 
Charleston as an industrial centre. 

THE BIBBY MILL was started by 
Samuel Bibby & Co. in 1832 and has 
been in the hands of some of that name 
a large share of the time since then, 
being now owned by James Bibby who 
was born here in '37, and his son who 



114 — 



has also been brought up as a milLr. 
'lhe Bibby Mill is for custom work, hav- 
ing a capacity of iU ban els per day, 
and handling a fair shaie of the wheat 
from ivanawha and surrounding coun- 
ties. It was rebuilt to the 1 oiler process 
some 15 years ago, having eight sets for 
wheat and one for corn. 

Hardware, Etc. 

KANAWHA NAIL & IRON CO. is kept 
at 161 Clendenin street, handling general 
hardware at wholesale and retail. L. P. 
Proffitt, principal owner, had been con- 
nected with wholesale hardware houses 
for many years prior to starting this 
March 1884. The nouse keeps a travel- 
ing salesman who visits the trade for 
100 miles around. It holds the agency for 
The Frick Co.. which furnishes mills and 
all kinds of supplies. 

L. C. GATES, a native of Wirt coun- 
ty, has been in Charleston for 30 years. 
He spent 12 years as a gr"ocer and for 
18 years past has been in hardware at 
276 Kanawha street, where he keeps 
hardware, cutlery, sash, doors, blinds, 
paints, glass and other goods in that line. 

Electrical Supplies, Musical, Etc. 

CHARLESTON ELECTRICAL SUPPLY 
CO. This concern was incorporated 
June, 1900, for the purpose of furnishing 
all needed electrical supplies, construction 
and repair work, and has quarters at 347 
Quarrier street. The company also manu- 
factures brass signs to the order of cus- 
tomers, refinish metal goods and does 
electroplating. 

0. H. MICHAELSON commenced in 
the musical and sewing machine business 
of Charleston in 1871. later adding agri- 
cultural machinery. He was one of the 
promoters in establishing an electric 
plant here in '87 and has since installed a 



handles steam engines, and makes a spec- 
ialty of contracting for steam and electri- 
cal machinery, saw mills, etc. With the 
present year he secured the agency of the 
Hallwood Cash Register and continues 
this with his musical business at 220 
Kanawha street, a part of the St. Albert 
Hotel, shown on page 102. 




W. A. Cantrell & Co. 

W. A. CANTRELL. a. native of 
Charleston, commenced as salesman of 
pianos and organs in 1887, and for sev- 



number of electric plants in the State. He eral years was. in the trade at Mount 

— 115 — 



Hope. He opened up a salesroom in 
Charleston some three yeais ago, remov- 
ing to the Scott block, 87 Capitol St., Jan. 
1899, where he keeps a line of standaid 
pianos, the Estey and Mason & Hamlin 
organs, an assortment of small musical in- 
struments, and a full line of musical mer- 
chandise. 




A. T Simms. 

A. T. SIMMS, a native of Roane Co., 
commenced in the musical trade some 14 
years ago and in 1891 came to Charles- 
ton. Five years ago he opened a store 
for musical instruments, a year since 
securing a section of the Shrewsbury 
block, 71 Capitol St., where he keeps 
Pteinway & Sons, Steiff, Schubert and 
other pianos, the Farrand and Chicago 
Cottage organs, as well as sheet music 
and all kinds of musical merchandise. 

Meats, Groceries, Bakery. 

The Armour Company and Swift Com- 
pany each have branch houses at Charles- i§g2 
ton for wholesaling meats. 



E. C. BAUER, a native of Cincinnati, 
opened the meat business on Capitol street 
thiitecn yea.s ago and enlarged from year 
to year until he is now among the leadeis 
in his line, manufacturing sausa;e, canv- 
ing a full line of Lesh and salted meats, 
fobbing for the usual distance and doing 
a large retail trade. His location is No. 
T8 Capitol street. Yards on Glenwood 
Heights. 

GEO. S. MORGAN, who \"ts elected 
mayor of Charleston, March, 1901, has 
been for 15 years in the grocery trade at 
No. 74 Lovell street, where he keeps 
every thing needed in that line. His per- 
sonal mention will be found under city 
officials, on page 31. 

BUCKEYE GROCERY CO. This busi- 
ness was established about two years a^o. 
and has secured a large patronage It 
came to the hands of the present man- 
agement September 6, 1901. and three 
weeks later the Buckeye Grocery Co. was 
incorporated, E. N. Hackerman, Pres.; C. 
C. Lewis, Jr., Sec. Jesse Craver, manager, 
is a Virginian, and for ten years past has 
been in the grocery business. The store 
is at 283 Quarrier street, where a full line 
of staple and fancy groceries are kept, 
fresh, vegetables, oysters and fish in sea- 
son. 

U. C. DAVIDSON, a native of Taylor 
Co., W. Va., commenced the grocery busi- 
ness in Charleston in 1893, at corner of 
Washington and Morris Sts., where he 
keens a good line of staUle and fancy gro- 
ceries, which ma^es a convenience to resi- 
dents of that section of the citv. 



BETHEL ALTHERR, proprietor of the 

Charleston Steam Bakery, is a native of 

Switzerland and came to Charleston in 

He was for several years salesman 

Eagle Bakery, but last year 



for the 
— 116 — 



opened the bakery at No. 259 Kanawha 
street, where he keeps a restaurant in 
connection, nis tiaue extends wen ovei 
the city and he does some jobbing. 

Flour and Feed^Standard Oil. 

J. A. (JAKJtt, a native oi r*utnani Co., n is 
b< en in Charleston tor It yea^s. lie ^tau- 
pd tne Wholesale Piouuce Co. so^ne eignl. 
yeais ago, and la^ei som to jacitson Can-. 
\.1lU tne piesent ycux- ne upeaeu cue y.u 
mice business m tne oiump diock ou 
Summers St., oppo. tne postomce, where 
1-" deals in hour, teed and produce a1 
wholesale, also having a warehouse on 
Ciendennin St. 

WAGNER & MALOY. A. H. Wagner 
commenced the flour and feed business! 
at 104 Charleston street, some four year; 
ago, A. C. Maloy becoming a partner 
later, and two years since the business 
was made wholesale as well as retail, cov 
ering flour, meal, feed, hay, straw, lime, 
salt, meat, lard, fertilizer and farm or 
garden seeds. 

STANDARD OIL CO. It would b« sup- 
erfluous for one to attempt to describe tho 
magnitude and operations of the Stauda 1 * i 
Oil Co., which was incorporated in 1371, 
and has since extended iLs bnsino-a not 
only to every State in the Union, but to 
every civilized country on the eJ'.obc. 
While great concerns always have enem- 
ies and much has beeu written a?', ir.st 
the Standard, the magnitude of its eoe *a- 
tions has accomplished wonders in cheap- 
ening the production and transportation 
of petroleum and its products, and in giv- 
ing to consumers a good illuminan* and 
lubricant. Many cities and villages owe 
their prosperity to the operaMcn* of the 
Standard while its employes are at aV 
times promptly paid remunerative wages. 
and the profits are used to build up large 
industries. The Charleston brant n wis 



started some 15 years ago, -ind later, 
tankage aggiegating 445,690 gallon.*, built 
at South Ruilner, two miles sou*!' oi the 
city on the C. & u. A ware house aud 
keeper's residence was also erected there, 
ami a iaige stocK of fine engine and 
cylinder oils is carried in bbls. The sei- 
vices of 8 men aie icquiied theie in co- 
operage, shipping, etc. The warehouse 
on Capitol stieet, along the K. & M. 
tracks, was erected in 1S99, and has 100,- 
000 gal. tankage adjoining. Ail Standard 
petroleum products are cariied here and 
the Charleston office also has charge of 
sub-branches at Williamson, l^eyser, 
Bluefield, Ronceveite, Hinton, Montgom 
ery, Red House, and Point Pleasant, W. 
Va. as well as Tazewell, Noiton, Lexing- 
ton, Beuna Vista, Basic City, Staunton and 
Ciiffton t orge, Virginia. Some 25 men a>-i 
employed here and 36 elsewhere in this 
management, and the output is a very 
large one. C. E. Brown, who has been 
connected with the Charleston office for 
six years, was promoted to the manage- 
ment here September 1, 1900. This office 
reports through the general agency at 
Baltimore. 

Druggists^Jewelers. 

KRIEG & PRICE— Among the more re- 
cent drug firms who have built up a good 
business in Charleston is the above house, 
which was started in 1896 by Arch Krieg, 
and W. C. Price becoming a partner the 
following year made the firm style Krieg 
& Price. Both partners are from Logan, 
Ohio, but have now become a part of 
Charleston. The firm handles a full line of 
drugs and druggists' sundries at Nc. 10 
Capitol street. 

R. J. SATTERTHWAIT, a native of 
Lima. O., commenced the jewelry trade in 
1864. He located in Charleston, Febru- 
ary 73, and for five years past has occu- 
pied the handsome store room at 290 



— 117 



Kanawha street, a part of the Kanawha 
Valley Bank building, where he keeps a 
very complete line of watches, jewelry, 
silverware, etc. 

STOLLE & SON. Among the well es- 
tablished and solid firms of Charleston is 
the above jewelry house which was 
started in 1854 by B. C. Stolle. Gustav 
Stolle, the present proprietor, was born 
in Germany, residing in Charleston since 
1854. Mr. Stolle owns a fine suburban 
home on Fern dank, which he erected in 
1891. His stock of watches, clocks, jew- 
elry, silverware, etc., at No. 11 Summers 
street, is very complete and would grace 
a city of much larger size than Charles- 
ton. 

G. W. PORTER, the Arcade jeweler, a 
native of Cincinnati, located in Charles- 
ton in 1871, and for the past four years 
has held «iore No. 7, Arcade, where he 
makes a specialty of fine custom work. 

G. WM. SPANIOL, a native of Charles- 
ton, com/menced the jeweler's trade five 
years ago, having since worked in several 
of the me+r'-pr.litan cities. Just prior to 
returning to Charleston, in May 1900, he 
spent several months with the large jew- 
elry establishment of F. W. Schuler & 
Co., of Philadelpnia. With the present 
year he secured store No. 4, Arcade, 
where he keeps a line of watches, jew- 
elry and optical goods. Mr. Spaniol be- 
lieves in live and let live principles and 
gives the union price of 50 cents for 
mainspring or watch cleaning. 

RUDESILL & MEAD occupy one of 
the seven stores of the Shrewsbury block, 
which are practically alike, each 23x100 ft. 
The block is three stories in height, 
fronts 175 ft. on Capitol St. and was 
built by the late H. D. Shrewsbury some 
20 years ago. 




Rudesill & Mead. — See page 91. 

[Attorneys Continued from page 109.] 

A. BURLEW, a native of N. J., educat- 
ed in N. Y., located in Charleston in 
1865, and has since been in the continu- 
ous partice of law here. Office rooms 
42-3 Citizens National Bank. 



D. C. GALLAHER, a native of Jeffer- 
son Co., W. Va., was educated at the Uni- 
versity of Virginia, attended the law 
school of that institution and located at 
Charleston in 1872, where he has since 
been in active practice. 
'"j ! il ! ] ' 

PAYNE & PAYNE are native Virgin- 
ians. J. M. Payne attended Roanoke Col- 
lege, studied law under J. P. Holcombe, 
of Bellevue, Va., a former teacher of law 
in the State University. He was admitted 
tf the bar in '71 and located in Charles- 
ton two years later. W. D. Payne gradu- 
ated from the normal department of the 
University of Nashville, in the year 1887, 
and from the law school of the Washing- 



118 



><(l« l *IW|>»»»'f»''V WTWirA '■"* 







Residence Col. E. L. Buttrick. 



trn and Lee University in '89. He be 
came a partner with his uncle and prac- 
ticed at Fayetteville for 6 years prior to 
removing to Charleston, where the firm 
holds offices 5, 6 and 7, Kanawha Valley 
Bank. 

E. L. BUTTRICK was born in Boston, 
in 1824, came to this State 30 years ago 
ar«d has since been engaged in the exami- 
nation of land titles and litigation per- 
taining thereto in the county, State and 
U S. Courts at this place. 

BROWN, JACKSON & KNIGHT— Jas. 
F. Brown is a native of Charleston, grad- 
uated from the W. Va. University in 1873 
and has since been in practice here. He 
served in the legislature in 1888, is vice 
president of the Kanawha Valley Bank 
and has various other interests in Charles- 
ton. Malcolmn Jackson was born in 



Richmond, Ind., graduated from the Uni- 
versity of Virginia Law School in '81. He 
came to Charleston in '83 and in '88 form- 
ed a partnership with Mr. Brown as 
Brown & Jackson. Edw. W. Knight has 
resided in Charleston from infancy and 
graduated from Dartmouth College, N. 
H., in 1887. Two years later he was ad- 
mitted to the bar here and in 1892 joined 
Brown & Jackson to make the fBrm of 
Brown, Jackson & Knight, which occu- 
pies several rooms on the third floor of 
ivanawha bank building. John Wehrle 
born in Charleston, clerked in the Kana- 
wha Valley Bank, 1890-5, graduated from 
the W. Va. University Law School in 
'96 and has since been with Brown, Jack- 
son & Knight. 

V. L. Black, reared in Charleston, read 
]°w while deputy clerk of the Criminal 
Court, was admitted to the bar in '96 and 
h?.s been with above firm since Jan., '97. 



— 119 — 



GEO. W. PATTON is a native of Mif- 
flin county, Pa., took a course at the Uni- 
versity of Virginia, came to Charleston 
in 1871, read law with A. Burlew, and was 
admitted to practice in '80, since when 
he has been in Charleston. Office, No. 5, 
__anawha Valley Bank. 

J. W. KENNEDY, a native of Augusta 
ccunty, Va., graduated from the Wash- 
ington & Lee University in 1880 and soon 
afterwards located in Charleston where he 
attends to general practice. Office, No. 55, 
Citizens National Bank. 

H. O. MIDDLETON, a native of This 
county, was admitted to the bar in 1881, 
having now been 20 years in the practice 
of law here. He served as city solicitor 
1893-5. Office 27% Capitol St. 

ADAM B. LITTLEPAGE, who has been 
practicing law in Charleston since 1886, is 
among the self-made Charlestonians, of 
whom many are successful business men. 
He is recognized as a good lawyer and 
strong advocate, and has won a marked 
success. He believes in Kanawha county 
fruit and has a growing orchard of 7,000 
trees and a good home near the city. 

i 

MURRAY BRIGGS, a native of Sullivan 
county, Ind., reared in this State was 
admitted to prctice in 1884 and three years 
later located in general practice here. Of- 
fice 27% Capitol street. 

B. S. MORGAN, who was reared m 
Monongalia county, graduated in both the 
classical and law departments of the Uni- 
versity of W. Va. He was elected princi- 
pal of the Morgantown public schools In 
1878, superintendent of schools of Mon- 
ongalia county in '81, State Superintendent 
of Free Schools in '84 and re-elected in 
'88. Mr. Morgan was admitted to the bar 
in '82 and practiced at Morgantown prior 
to becoming a State official. After los- 



ing his second term he resumed the prac 
uce of law in Cnarleston. Office at 324 
(ojuarrier street. 

F. L. BEAKDSLEY, a native of Ga.lia 
county, Ohio, attended the law school of 
i~e Virginia UniveiSity and graduated 
from the law department of ihe Cincin- 
nati College in '88. January following Ue 
located in Charleston.. Mr. Beardsley 
was appointed coroner August '96, and . ? s 
also commissioner of accounts for this 
county. Office No. 5, Arcade. 

FLOURNOY, PRICE & SMITH— S. L. 
Flournoy, of the above well-known le- 
gal firm, is a native of Richmond, Va 
and a graduate of Hampden-Sidney Col- 
lege. He commenced the practice of law 
at Romney in 1872, and in 1890, prior 
to the close of his second term in the 
State Senate, he resigned and entered the 
practice of law here. Geo. E. Price was 
born in Hardy Co., W. Va., and was ad- 
mitted to practice at Frederick, Md., in 
1871. He practiced for several years at 
Keyser W. Va., from which place he was 
elected to the State Senate in 1882, serv- 
ing two terms and officiating as presi- 
dent of that body '85-7. He located in 
Charleston in '90, when the firm of Flour- 
noy & Price was formed and H. B. Smith 
was added in '94, making the present firm 
title. Mr. Smith is a native of Charles- 
ton, a graduate of Princeton and took 
his law course at the University of Va.. 
commencing in practice here in '89. He 
was for several years associated with 
the late W. W. Adams in practice and 
is connected with several prominent Char- 
leston enterprises. The firm of Flournoy 
& Price was ten years ago appointed as 
assistant counsel regarding the boundary 
lines between Maryland and West Vir- 
ginia, which dispute is still pending in 
the U. S. Court. Assisting in general of- 
fice matters is R. S. Spilman, who grad- 
uated last year from the law school of 



— 120 



/ II -4f ^1 -« 

- .1- -^B 



W. Va. Colored Institute. 



the University of Va.. and R. P. Flour- 
noy, a graduate of the law department of 
the University of W. Va., 1899, and H. L,. 
Flournoy, another son of the senior part- 
ner, are associates in the collection de- 
partment. 

J. H. COUCH, a native of Mason Co., 
graduated from Marietta College, 1869, 
was admitted to practice in 70 and re- 
moved to Charleston Sept. '92. 

JAMES H. NASH, a native of Putnam 
Co., graduated from the University of 
W. Va., 1876, read law with Judge Hoge, 
of Winfield, admitted in '77 and prac- 
ticed in Winfield till '93, when he remov- 
ed to Charleston. Office No. 3 Kanawha 
Valley Bank building. 

SIMMS, ENSLOW & ALDERSON — 
This legal firm, organized in 1897, is 
composed of H. C. Simms, a graduate 
o* Harvard, and F. B. Enslow who ha^e 
been in practice at Huntington for sev- 
eral years, serving as attorneys for the 
late C. P. Huntington and chief counsel 
for W. Va. of the C. & 0. Ry. These uni- 
ted with C. M. Alderson, a native of 



Greenbrier Co, wno took the degree of & 
A. from the University of Nashville 1891, 
and graduated trom tne law school oc 
the W. Va. University in '93, shortly af- 
terwards locating in Charleston. The 
fiim occupies Rooms 22 and 23 Kanawh-. 
Valley Bank building. 

J. F. CORK, a natve of Clarksburg 
graduated from the University of W. Va., 
A. M., L.L.B., 1884; served as chief clerk 
in the department of the State Free 
Schools, '85 to '93, and has since been 
in the practice of law at Charleston. Of- 
fice No. 54 Citizens' Natl. Bank. 

IVORY C. JORDAN, a native of Maine, 
graduated from Bowdoin College of that 
state in 1891 and from Harvard Law 
School in '93. locating here the latter year. 
Mr. Jordan is one of the masters ru 
chancery at this place. Office, No. 8, 
Kanawha Valley Bank. 

JOHN A. THAYER, a native of Char- 
leston, was educated at Harvard, took his 
lsw course there, was admitted to prac- 
tice in '94 and located in Charleston. He 
served in Cuba as first lieutenant of the 



— 121 — 



fourth U. S. Immunes in the Spanish 
Ameiican war. 

HENRY FRY, a Carlestonian, was ed- 
ucated in the public schools, read law 
with J. E. Chilton and was admitted to 
the bar five years ago. He served as 1st 
Lieut., 2d W. va, Vois. Inf. in the Span- 
ish-American war and returned to the 
practice of law. Office 5, Kanawha Na- 
tional Bank. 

RUCKER & ANDERSON.— Edgar I'. 
Rucker giaduated in law at the W. Va. 
University, in 1887, was admitted to the 
bar and for several years past has been 
practicing at Welch, W. Va. He served 
as Attorney General 1897-1901. L. C. An- 
derson graduated from the Ohio Wesleyan 
University, A. B., in '94; A. M. from the 
same, 1900; L. L. B. from the W. Va. Uni- 
versity Law School, 1896, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar. He served as Assistant 
Attorney General 1900-1901. Offices 22 and 
23 Citizens' National Bank. 

H. B. BUSTER, a native Charlestonian, 
attended the free schools of the city and 
graduated L. L. B. from the law depart- 
ment of the Michigan University in 1900. 
The present year he was admitted to prac- 
tice in this State and has office at 27% 
Capitol street. 

FULFORD & DIBERT.— Geo. M. Ful- 
ford and S. Royer Dibert, lawyers, make 
a specialty of corporation practice and 
the examination and report of land titles. 
They are natives of Pennsylvania and 
practice in that State and West Vir- 
ginia. 

H. DELBERT RUMMEL occupies room 
25 in Citizens' Natl. Bank building. His 
personal mention appears on page 32 as 
city solicitor. 

B. K. REEDY read law while teaching 



in district school and was admitted to 
the bar in 1897, having since been serving 
ia official positions as stated under 
governmental matters on page 38, until 
Aug. 1, 1901, when he opened a law office 
at 30% Capitol St. 

HENRY S. CATO, a native of this coun- 
ty, graduated in .aw from the University 
of W. Va., class of ±900, and August fol- 
lowing located here. Office No. 11, Kana- 
wha Valley Bank. 

Stenographer. 

T. J. ROBERTS, a native of Hartford 
City, W. Va., was educated in Charleston 
free schools and the Capital City Com- 
mercial College. For three years he has 
been doing typewriting and officiating as 
stenographer for the Criminal Court. His 
office is on third floor at 30% Capitol 
street. 

Civil Engineering. 

M. W. VENABLE, a Virginian, opened 
a civil and mining engineers office in 
Charleston, in 1890. He occupies rooms 
at 56 Capitol street, and is engineer for 
the Campbell's Creek Railway. See page 
49. 

C. P. PEYTON, a Virginian, attended 
Roanoke College and commenced civil en- 
gineering in 1883, having principally been 
engaged in railroad engineering prior to 
locating in Charleston, in 1894. Office 
over Charleston National Bank. 

W. D. SELL, of Lancaster County, Pa., 
has been a land and railroad civil engi- 
neer for sixteen years, residing for nine 
years in Logan County. He located in 
Charleston a year ago as more central for 
business and the courts. Mr. Sell is a 
member of the American Society of Civil 
Engineers. Office No. 6 Charleston Na- 
tional Bank. 



— 122 — 



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Bird's Eye View of Fern Bank*»Sooth Charleston. 
Real Estate and Insurance. 



SOUTH CHARLESTON IMPROVE- 
MENT CO. was incorporated in 1891, pm - 
chased the hill on the South Side from 
the Kanawha river bridge to opp. the 
mouth of Elk and extending back nearly 
a mile from the C. and O. Ry. This is 
quite precipitous, but has numerous ra- 
vines, a graded roadway and more than 
half of the 400 lots have been sold. There 
are nearly 100 residences nestling among 
the virgin forest, while churches, schools, 
lodges and other improvements have been 
added to this thriving suburb of Charles- 
ton. 

WEST CHARLESTON IMPROVEMENT 
CO. was incorporated in '92, and purchased 
tie bottom lands adjoining the city on 
the west. The tract extends from the 
Kanawha river to the hillside and has 
numerous available manufacturing sites. 
as well as good residential quarters. 



years ago. Mr. Hawkins had been a 
painter by traae r.nd was well acquainted 
with real estate values. In '98 he as- 
sociated his son, Wm. A., in the business 
and the agency of Steele A. Hawkins & 
Son holds forth at 27 % Capitol street. 
They have a larire amount of desirable 
property in all lines, listed on their books, 
attend to the rental of property and the 
management of estates and are among 
the leaders in their line. 

I 
JOHN L. THORNHILL, a native Vir- 
ginian, reared in Charleston, who was 
manager of the Charleston Daily Star 
1884-9, in '92 opened a real estate and 
brokerage office at 21% Capitol street, 
where he represents Arbuckle Brothers 
and other leading importers and manu- 
facturers. He has a large line of desira- 
ble property listed on his real estate 
books, is agent for the Mutual Benefit 
Life Insurance Co. and altogether Is a 
busy business man. 



STEELE A. HAWKINS & SON— Steele SAMUEL MATHEWSON, a Canadian, 

A. Hawkins, who had been sergeant-at came to Charleston in 1884,served as U. 

arms of the State Senate and custodian S. Supt. of Internal Revenue for 4% yea^s, 

of the government building engaged in was engaged in the lumber and stave 

the real estate business here some seven business for twelve years, since when he 



— 133 — 




has conducted a real estate agency. His 
office is at room 22, Arcade, where he at- 
tends to renting, the management of es- 
tates and all necessary business pertain- 
ing to the real estate line. 



Arcade Building. 

L. Pritchard, E. W. Knight, Geo. Goshora, 
Wesley Moiiohan and others. John Gres- 
ham recently erected the Home for In- 
curables at Huntington, and the firm are 
among the progressive business concerns 
of Charleston. 



THE PRUDENTIAL INSURANCE CO , 
opened a district office at 2iy 2 Capitol 
street, April, 1898, with J. L. Kimball, a 
native of Michigan, superintendent. The 
district comprises the southern part of 
this State and a part of Kentucky and 
Ohio. It has forty-five agencies, which 
report through the Charleston office. The 
Prudential writes industrial and ordinary 
insurance, and is too well known to need 
comment. 

Contractors and Builders. 

GRESHAM BROTHERS.— W. T. and 
John Gresham are natives of Durham, N. 
C, and commenced carpentering here in 
1865. They do contract work, and among 
recent buildings which they have finished 
are the residences of Dr. L. Pritchard, H. 



W. T. & JOHN DAVIDSON.— Charleston 
has a half-dozen contractors, but none 
perhaps who employ more men than the 
above firm. The Davidson brothers are 
natives of Taylor Co., W. Va., and have 
been builders for 11 years. Among fine 
edifices now under construction by them 
are residences for Ben Baer, Enoch Car- 
ver and J. D. Lewis. The latter is shown 
on page 84. Additional residences are 
much sought after and the above firm has 
aided in the city's development by the 
erection of 7 handsome houses on Elwood 
ave. The firm uses modern methods and 
gives employment to about 60 men. 

WM. ALCOTT, of Liverpool, Eng., ex- 
ports logs, lumber and staves, making 



124 — 




Old Depot, South=Side==New One Coming;. 



a specialty of heavy white oak lumber, 
which he purchases from the mills of this 
section and ships from 15 to 20 carloads 
per month. Office No. 20 Arcade build- 
ing, with R. C. Bell as local manager. 

Nursery, Seeds, Etc. 

THE NURSERY & SEED CO.— J. M. 
Neil, manager of this business, is a na- 
tive of Nicholas Co., and has been in 
the nursery trade for 17 years, and for 
two years past located at No. 16 Arcade 
building, where he supplies fruit and or- 
namental trees, roses, shrubs, small 
fruit plants, etc.; also flower, vegetable, 
field seeds and bulbs, which are largely 
grown at Rochester and Danville, N. 
Y. The business of this concern is con- 
ducted exclusively by mail, thereby saving 
tin salaries of middle men, and goods 
are shipped to any section of the coun- 
try, as required by customers. 



Photograph Galleries. 

A. P. GATES' is an old photographer 
Gallery at 2iy 2 Capitol street 

J. LEONARD GATES, a native of this 
city, has worked photography in leading 
galleries of the South and for 8 years 
past has been in the business at Char- 
leston, holding the gallery at Capitol and 
Virginia Sts., where he is prepared to 
dc anything in his line. 

GEO. P. SLACK a native Charleston- 
ian. commenced the photographer's trade 
in 1897, and in 190,. purchased the gal- 
lery at 248V2 Kanawha St.. where he is 
kept busily engaged in the art. Mr. 
Slack developed most of the negatives 
that were made by Dr. Robbins for this 
book and duplicate photos can be had at 
his gallery. 



— 125 — 




Two Sections Masonic Temple. 



Two of the three store sections of the 
building is shown herewith. This was 
erected in 1895-6 at a cost, with lot, of 
about $50,000. The three lower floors are 
rented for stores, while the upper floor is 
the home of the various Masonic bodies. 

Lodges, Etc. 

The societies of a city each have a 
bearing upon its desirability as a home, 
for many persons are attracted to their 
lodge centre as others are to a church 
home, in fact it is more and more becom- 
ing recognized that the standard fraterni- 
ties are a national blessing, and while 
they avoid sectarian teachings or political 
environments they go hand in hand with 
the churches in relieving the needy, visit- 
ing the afflicted, in teaching intellectual 
advancement and good Samaritan work. 

MASONIC. — A dispensation was issued 
to John Shrewsbury, Master; Samuel 
Shrewsbury, S. W.. and James Wilson, J. 



W., June 20, 1816, to organize Kanawha 
Lodge No. 104, which was chartered Dec. 
V. following with Lewis Summers, W. M.; 
Jas. Wilson, S. W.; Samuel Dryden, J. 
W. This lodge suspended Sept. 10, '32. 
Kanawha Lodge was revived in 1856, un- 
der a dispensation to Spicer Patrick, W. 
M.; Jas. Connell, S. W.; Geo. S. Patton, J. 
W. This was suspended in '61 and a dis- 
pensation for the third lodge granted 
Sept. 12, '65, with A. E. Summers, W. M.; 
J. S. Connell, S. W.; Wm. W. Kelly, J. 
W. A charter was issued Jan. 19, '66, to 
Kanawha Lodge No. 20, which is now 
oflicered by D. W. Patterson, W. M.; B. 
A. Caruthers, S. W.; G. S. Thomas, J. W. 
Thp lodge meets the first and third Mon- 
days of each month at Masonic Temple. 

TYREAN, R. A. O— Dec. 9, 1824. a 
charter was granted for a Royal Arch 
Chapter to Philip T. Thomson, H. P.; Jas 
C. McParland, K.; John Welch, S. This 



— 126 — 



was suspended in the anti-Masonic times 
charter was granted for a Royal Arch 
Chapter to Philip R. Thomson, H. P.; Jas. 
and Jan. 25, '73, another dispensation 
granted to A. T. Laidley, H. P.; W. S. 
Summers, K.; Noyes Rand, S., with privi- 
lege to organize a chapter, which was 
chartered as Tyrean No. 13, Nov. 13, 73. 
Present officers— H. W. Knight, M. E. H. 
P.; J. W. Crider, K.; G. W. McClintic, S.; 
H. McC. Anderson, Sec; J. N. Carnes, 
Treas. Convocations are held on second 
Mondays. Membership, 190. 



Colored Lodges. 

Charleston has a goodly number of en- 
tei prising negroes and maintains the usual 
societies as well as churches. 

KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS.— This is head- 
quarters for W. Va. K. of P. S. W. Starks 
is Supreme Chancellor of the World and 
Grand Chancellor of W. Va., maintaining 
an office at 20% Capitol St. There are 35 
lodges in the State and 2,400 colored 
Knights. W. S. Kenney, of Huntington, 
Grand K. of R. and S. 



KNIGHTS TEMPLAR.— Kanawha Coni- 
mandery No. 4, K. T., held its first meet- 
ing Dec. 4, 73, with Geo. W. Patton, E. 
C; A. F. Gibbens, G.; J. H. Hilling, C. 
G.; W. S. Summers, Rec. It was chartered 
Feb. 25, 74, and its present officers are 
J. M. McConihay, E. C; H. W. Knight, 
G.; B. A. Caruthers, C. G.; J. W. Crider, 
Rec. Meets on fourth Mondays. Member- 
ship, about 200. 



CAPITOL CITY NO. 1, K. of P., was 
organized in 1890 and has 125 members. 
J. F. Clark, C. C; C. W. Boyd, K. of R. 
and S. Meets on first and second Thurs- 
day nights at Summers and Kanawha Sts. 

CARLON COMPANY No. 1. U. R. K. of 
P., was organized in 1890. John S. Michie, 
Captain; George E. Wanzer, Rec. Has 
over 50 Uniformed Knights. 



BENI-KEDEM TEMPLE, Ancient Ara- WASHINGTON, No. 6, A., F. and A. M., 
bic Order Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, was organized July 7, 1883, and has over 
was organized 1896 and chartered June, thirty members. It meets first and third 
'97. It meets the second Thursday of Fridays. Officers — Thomas Norton, W. M.; 
each month and numbers 367 members, Albert Brown, S. W.; A. A. Barnett, J. 
many of whom live long distances away. W.; C. C. Campbell, Sec.; Fleet Porter- 
Its officers are: W. F. Hite. P.; J. M. Mc- field, Treas. 
Conihay, C. R.; D. W. Patterson, A. R.; 



.los. Ruffner, Rec; J. N. Carnes, Treas. 



ODD FELLOWS.— Kanawha Lodge No. 
25, I. O. O. F.. was instituted Dec. 5, 1865, 
*vith David Goshorn, N. G. ; P. A. Graves. 
V G.; C. H. Hatcher, Sec; Jos. Shields, 
A. S.; Alex. Wallace. Treas. It meets 
Tuesday evenings at 39% Capitol St., and 
has about 75 members. The officers for 
current term are: A. Wehrle, N. G.; Sam- 
uel Hess. V. G.; B. F. Hoover, Sec; Chas. 
Loeb. Treas. Hall, 39y 2 Capitol street. 



Kanawha Light Lodge, 1637, G. U. O. O. 
F.. was organized Sept., 74, and has 55 
beneficial members. Meets first and third 
Mondays. Robert Hamlin, N. G.; P. F. 
Male, Sec 

[Lodges, <tc. , Continued on page 129.] 



[Odd-Fellotvs Cont. on page ISO.] 



EVANGELICAL LUTHERAN CHURCH 
— St. Paul's, of the above denomination, 
was organized October, 1892, with 8 
members and now has 112 communicants. 
The place of worship om Court street, 
was completed in 1894. The pastors 
have been I. G. Wenning, who came in 

- 127 — 



'92; Th. Reitz, 93; H. G. Schmidt, '95; 
and J. E. Keiffer April 1900. Ae is a 
graduate of the Capital University of 
Columbus, 0., and theological depart- 
ment of the same, following which he 
spent two years in the universities of Ger- 
many prior to locating here. 

[This article should have been on page 100.] 

Coal Companies. 

MILL CREEK CANNEL COAL CO. 
This corporation was formed the present 
year for working a iy 2 ft. seam of can- 
nel coal on Mill Creek, which empties 
into the Elk some six miles above Char- 
leston. The coal rights were leased on 
1,567 acres of the Elk River Coal Co.'s 
lands, and a 42 inch narrow gauge rail- 
road has been built, and the plant is 
just ready to commence operations. 

T. J. MASON, a native of Franklin 
Co. Va., located in Kanawha, in 1866, and 
in 1894 opened the retail coal business 
on C. C. & S. Ry. at Court street junction, 
where he handles Elk River coal for 
steam and domestic purposes and holds a 
fair share of trade. 

PAT RYAN, near the same place, keeps 
a coal yard and handles stoneware. 

DIAMOND ICE & COAL CO. See pfurr 
62. 

Livery, Hacks, Etc. 

P. A. SIMPSON, a native of this coun- 
ty, who was for several years with the 
South Side Foundry and Machine Works, 
commenced the livery business in 1895, 
and keeps a complete outfit in that line 
at 328 Virginia street. The brick barns 
are near the Charleston and South Side 
bridge entrance, where a large number 
of carriages for parties, funerals, etc., are 
kept and all other necessary vehicles, sad- 
dle horses, etc., for a complete livery. 

CHARLESTON TRANSFER & HACK 
LINE was incorporated July 30, 1901, and 



has 7 or 8 carriages, moving cars, bag- 
gage wagons, &c. Carriages meet all 
trains, transferring passengers by night 
or day at 25 cents each, which is quite 
reasonable and assists in the city's devel- 
opment. Jas. H. Hackley, Pres.; Edw. 
Preston, Sec. Office 94 Capitol St. 

Express, Telephone, Telegraph. 

ADAMS EXPRESS. The first regular 
package business in America was started 
by Alvin Adams, about 1840, and has 
developed into a great system, now reach- 
ing over 12,000 offices and covering 50,000 
miles of railway and steamship lines. The 
Adams first came to Charleston by boat, 
about 1870, and when the C. & O. reached 
here, right of way was secured over that 
line, which is still maintained. Jos. 
Shields was first agent here, followed by 
C. M. Keblinger, and he by W. H. White- 
hurst, a Virginian, in 1874. For some 
time, only a driver and agent were needed-, 
while the force now consists of six men, 
who are kept extremely busy, and more 
will probably soon be needed. 

THE U. S. EXPRESS commenced busi- 
ness in 1854, and has been reaching pa- 
trons at Charleston through the K. & M. 
Ry. since. The office is at Quarrier 
street entrance of Citizens' National Bank 
building, where C. A. Wickertsheim, for- 
merly for several years with this com- 
pany at Washington, C. H., Ohio, has 
been in charge since July 1, 1901. 

THE KANAWHA TELEPHONE CO. 
was incorporated some five years ago, 
with $20,000, and a plant put in which 
was operating some 350 'phones, but lack- 
ing in funds and experience to make a 
progressive concern, when arrangements 
were made with the Northern Construc- 
tion Co. of Bryan, O., to take an interest 
in the Kanawha Telephone Co. and put in 
an entirely new plant of the latest im- 
proved type. 



128 — 




P. A. Simpson's Livery Barns. 



THE SOUTHERN BELL TELEPHONE 
AND TELEGRAPH CO. commenced busi- 
ness in Charleston about 1886. The com- 
pany has its central office in the W. U. 
telegraph building. It has about 800 tele- 
phones in operation for Charleston, and 
has toll lines connecting the mines and 
small villages for 100 miles around. It 
gives long distance connection to all the 
principal cities of the Union. W. T. Wil- 
liamson is the efficient manager here. 

W. U. TELEGRAPH— Prof. Morse se- 
cured a patent for the electric telegraph 
in 1839, but the first practical working 
line was opened May 27, '44. The West- 
ern Union was formed in '56 by the con- 
solidation of three companies then doing 
business in the U. S. It now owns or 
controls 200,000 miles of poles, with three 
times as great a length of wire, and two 
cables connecting Great Britain and the 
United States. Fifty million messages are 
annually transmitted, the handling of 
which requires 22,000 operators. The W. 
U. has been operating in Charleston for 
about 20 years and at present employs 13 
people. J. W. Crider has been the effi- 
cient manager here for 16 years past. 



SIMPSON & STEELE commenced the 
undertaking business in Charleston Dec. 
15, 1900, and holds forth at No. 20 Capi- 
tol street. The firm is erecting a build- 
ing adjoining the senior partners' barns, 
P. A. Simpson's livery, and will move 
into ithe new quarters Nov. 15th, where 
a complete line of funeral supplies will 
be found. R. R. Steele is a graduate of 
the Massachusetts College of Embalming, 
has been actively engaged in this line for 
six years, and holds a State license for 
embalming. The firm is fully equipped 
with carriages and everything necessary 
for attending funerals. 

Brokerage*»**Groceries t Etc. 

CABELL, EVANS & CO.— This firm, 
formerly the E. S. Christy Co., are en- 
gaged as merchandise brokers, represent- 
ing such concerns as the Franklin Sugar 
Refining Co., American Coffee Co., the 
Glucose Sugar Refining Co., American 
Cereal Co. and leading fruit packers and 
canneries of the Pacific coast. It also 
represents some of the largest manufac- 
turers of steel rails, lumber, &c, for gen- 
eral construction purposes and leading 
produce shippers of the country. 



— 129 — 



RUBY BROTHERS are the pioneer firm 
now in the grocery trade of Charleston, 
and with 20 years at No. 15 Capitol St., 
where they have constantly carried a 
good stock. B. N. & J. C. Ruby have 
many customers who find it to their in- 
terest to come here for trade. The firm 
keeps a full line of staple and fancy gro- 
ceries, produce, &c. 

F. A. HIVELY, a native of Roane Co., 
commenced teaching penmanship in the 
Charleston public schools in 1891 and in 
'95 opened the grocery business at 190 
Capitol St. Oct. 1, 1901, he secured the 
store at 192, which opens into the other, 
and in the double front he keeps a full 
line of groceries and produce. 

QUARRIER STREET HACK EX- 
CHANGE. — Henry Spinner, Lewis Stroth- 
er, W. W. Rayburn, prominent hackmen 
of the city, and Thomas Hale, who was in 
the baggage] transfer business, united in 
May, 1901, to form the above company, 
which does a general passenger and bag- 
gage transfer promptly by day or night. 
Both phones 541; office, 335 Quarrier St. 

ARCHITECT.— George Hennemann, a 
native of Cincinnati, came to Charleston 
to superintend the construction of the 
State House and remained here in con- 
tract work. Some eight years since he 
engaged in architectural work, which he 
still follows. Office at his residence, 557 
Piedmont street. 

SINGER MANUFACTURING CO. open- 
ed an office in Charleston about 1865, and 
since that time has distributed many 
thousand machines in the Kanawha val- 
ley. J. H. Holmes, who has been with 
this company 18 years at other points, 
now has charge of their beautiful store 
at 278 Virginia street, and will soon arM 
a full line of patterns, silks, threads, &c, 
which will make this one of the most 
complete stores of its kind In the State. 



THE KANAWHA BANKING AND 
TRUST CO.— Since our financial pages 
went to press, the above important mone- 
tary institution has opened for business. 
It was chartered Aug. 7, 1S01, with $200,- 
000 capital, and $50,000 surplus, all paid 
in, and has been doing a general banking 
business since Oct. 1st. It is backed by 
experienced financiers, and started upon 
a sound basis. The incorporators were: 
Chas. C. Lewis, senior member of Lev/is, 
Hubbard & Co.; F. M. Staunton, president 
of the Diamond Ice and Coal Co.; H. 3. 
Smith, of Flournoy, Price & Smith, attor- 
neys; H. A. Robinson and Enoch Carver, 
prominent coal operators, and L. Prichard, 
of the Charleston National Bank. The 
officers are: Chas. C. Lewis, President: 
F. M. Staunton, Vice-President, and H. B. 
Lewis, Cashier. 

[Lodges Cont. from page 127 ] 
GLEN ELK, 95, I. O. O. F., was insti- 
tuted Oct. 13, 1883, and has 86 members. 
It meets Thursdays, Virginia street, West 
Side. J. L. Stump, N. G.; A. Kerns, V. 
G.; A. L. Maloy, Sec; J. C. Wilson, Treas. 

FERN BANK, I. O. O. F., 155, was 
chartered Nov. 23, '94, and has 75 mem- 
bers. It meets every Friday night in Odd 
Fellows' Hall, shown herewith. Officers — 
E. N. Loomis, N. G.; W. G. Hook, V G.; 
Th. Worman, Sec; G. Stolle, Treas. 

DAUGHTERS OF REBEKAH meet on 
Mondays. Mrs. B. L. Isaac, N. G. ; Mrs. A.. 
Maddison, V. G.; Miss Flora Edgington, 
Sec; G. Stolle, Treas. 

ENCAMPMENT— Elinipsico, 13, I. O. O. 
F., was first chartered Aug. 23, 1851, D. 
H. Snyder, C. P.; D. :H. Estill, H. P.; W. 
M. Estill, S. W.; W. E. Whittaker, Scribe; 
J. C. Campbell, Treas. It suspended dur 
ing the war, but was reorganized D?c 
'67. It meets Fridays at 39% Capitol St. 
B. F. Hoover, C. P.; E. W. England, 
Scribe. 



— 130 — 




Fern Bank Odd^Fellows' Hall. 



GLENWOOD ENCAMPMENT, 40, I. O. 
O. F., was instituted about 1870 and has 
50 members. It meets Mondays at Vir- 
ginia St. hall, West Side. J. C. Wilson, 
C. P.; W. H. Gibbs, Scribe; J. D. Lucadoe, 
Treas. 

KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS— Keuka, ?6, 
K. of P., was organized Nov. 5, 1879, and 
has 108 members. It meets Wednesdays 
at 2iy 2 Capitol St. C. W, Wolf, C. C; 
John Winkler, V. C; S. S. Sanders, K. of 
R. and S.; C. W. Hall, M. of F.; C. T. 
Wood, M. of Ex. 

ELKANA, 63, K. of P., was chartered 
Oct. 14, 1891, and has 55 members. It 
meets Fridays at 2iy 2 Capitol St. J. G. 
Tholaker, C. C; W. A. Mahan, V. C; C. 
A. Wood, K. of R. and S.; W. F. Cal- 
breath, K. of Ex.; G. H. Shrewsbury, M. 
of F. 

GLENDALE, 78, K. of P., was organ- 
ized 1891 and has 120 members. It meets 
Tuesdays at Ort's Hall, shown on page 
113. Oscar Boggess, C. C; J. C. Phillips, 
V. C; E. A. Woodall, K. of R. and S.; 



Geo. T. Fierbaugh, M. of F.; Geo. E. Bel- 
sches, M. of Ex. 

MIZPAH, 98, K. of P., was organized 
Oct. 5, '95, and has 20 members. It meets 
every Tuesday at I. O. O. F. Hall, Fern 
Bank. E. C. Simpson, C. C; Thos. Liv- 
ersedge, V. C; Th. Worman, K. of R. and 
S., and Gr. Rep.; G. Stolle, M. of E. 

GLENDALE CO., 18, U. R. K. of P., 
was organized July 1, 1901, and has '51 
members. E. E. Harless, C; J. W. Math- 
eny, Sec. It meets last Saturday of each 
month at Ort's Hall. 

SHIRAZ TEMPLE, D. 0. K. K., 29, was 
organized about 1895 and has 175 mem- 
bers. It meets in ceremonial session 
every quarter at 2iy 2 Capitol street. A. 
H. Barker, R. V.; W. A. Mahan, Sec. 

MECHANICS— The O. U. A. M., Senior 
and Junior orders, are patriotic bodies, 
the former organized in 1845 and the Ju- 
uniors in 1863. 

CHARLESTON COUNCIL No. 9, Sr. O 
U. A. M., was organized in '90, and bas 
141 members. It meets Thursdays at 39 V 2 



— 131 — 



Capitol street. Alb. Pettit, C; Fred. Es- 
till, Rec. Sec; J. C. Malone, Treas. 

ELK CITY, 13, Sr. O. U. A. M., was or- 
ganized in 1891, and has about 115 mem- 
bers. It meets on Fridays at S. W. cor- 
ner of Pennsylvania avenue and Charles- 
ton street. C. E. Promt, C; Hubert Mel- 
ton, Rec. Sec; T. C. Cunningham, Treas 

LINCOLN, 41, Sr. 0. U. A. M., was 
chartered Feb. 27, '95. It meets Wednes- 
days at Fern Bank, I. 0. O. F. Hall. Th. 
Worman, C; E. N. Loomis, Sec; T. W. 
Westbay, Treas. 

RIVERSIDE, 46, Sr. O. U. A. M., was 
organized in 1895 and has 100 members. 
It meets Wednesdays at Champe's Hall, 
Capitol St. John Littleton, C. ; J. W. Ule, 
Rec. Sec; A. M. Strong, Treas. 

CAPITOL CITY, 221, Jr. O. U. A. M., 
was organized Nov. 12, 1899, and has 53 
members. It meets Mondays at Junior 
Order Hall, 264 Kanawha St. Chas. H. 
Fisher, C; Thos. Limrick, V. C; C. M. 
Holmes, Rec. Sec; J. H. Holmes, Treas. 

COMMANDER Y, 3, U. A. M., was or- 
ganized May 21, 1901, and has 23 uni- 
formed members. It meets first and third 
Mondays at 264 Kanawha street. J. H. 
Holmes, C; G-. A. Rose, V. C; R. R. 
Steele, Recorder. 

UNION COUNCIL, 5, D. of L., was or- 
ganized in 1897 and has 115 members. It 
meets Mondays at Ort's Hall. S. A. Mar- 
tin, C; Frank Littleton, V. C; R. J. 
Proffitt, Sec; Ella Hamilton, Treas. 

LIBERTY, 9., D. of L., was organized 
Aug. 10, 1900, and has 68 members. John 
Littleton, C; Henry Lawhorn, R. S.; A. 
M. Strong, Treas. It meets Fridays at 
80y 2 Capitol street. 

KNIGHTS OF GOLDEN EAGLE— 
Pride of Kanawha, Castle 5, K. G. E., 
was organized July 17, 1891, and has 80 
members. Hubert Martin, N. C; J. C. 
Spurr, M. of R.; H. L. Minsker, C. of E.; 



COMMANDERY, Charleston No. 1, K. 
G. E., was organized 1892 and has 40 Uni- 
formed Knights. H. L. Minsker, Captain. 
J. H. Wildman, K. of E. It meets Tues- 
days in K. G. E. Hall, 80% Capitol St. 

ELK CITY TENT, 9, K. O. T. M., was 
organized in 1893, and has 98 members 
It meets Wednesdays at Ort's Hall. 
Frank McLean, C; E. C. Frueh, R. K.; 
C. D. Darst, F. K. 

CAPITOL TENT, 43, K. O. T. M., - 
organized in 1900, and has 65 members. 
It meets on Tuesdays at Junior Order 
Hall, 264 Kanawha St. Chas. Joachim, 
C; Wm .Joachim, R. K.; A. Luckhard, 
F. K. 

CHARLESTON HIVE, 6, L. O. T. M., 
was organized in 1897 and has 70 mem- 
bers. It meets Tuesdays at I. O. O. F. 
lHall, Virginia St. Mrs. Frank McLean, 
C; Mrs. Kesterson, R. K. 

CORNSTALK TRIBE, 23, I. O. R. M., 
was organized in 1891 and has 78 mem- 
bers. It meets Thursdays at Ort's Hall. 
John Javins, S.; Lewis Gunter, C. of R.; 
T. E. Lynn, K. of W. 

ROYAL ARCANUM, Charleston Coun- 
cil, 450, was organized April, 1895. It does 
not hold regular meetings. B. N. Ruby, 
Pres.; F. P. Payne, Sec; B. S. Morgan, 
Col.; R. A. Marshal, Treas. 

NATIONAL UNION, Forest Council, 
134, was organized March, 1884, and has 
over 100 members. It meets second and 
fourth Fridays at Kanawha National 
Bank. John Morgan, Pres.; T. L. Barber, 
Sec; M. Gilchrist, Fin. Sec; E. A. Reed, 
Treas. 

FRATERNAL MYSTIC CIRCLE, Capi- 
tol City Ruling, 70, was organized Sept. 
30, 1887, and has about 50 members. Dr. 
J. M. Mahan, W. R.; C. C. Rand, W. C; 
E. S. Christy, Sec. 

MODERN WOODMEN OF AMERICA, 
Charleston Camp, 5719, was organized 
Ano domini, see, and has over 50 mem- 



132 — 







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St. Matthev/s Episcopal Church, South=Side. 



ing, dairying and other agricultural pur- 
suits in this vicinity. In above lines the 
census of W. Va. showed $50,000,000 worth 
of products from this mountainous State, 
which is only one-tenth developed. 

In the Kanawha valley there is room 
for a ten-fold growth which might eas'ly 
be made independent and self-supporting. 

Charleston supplies a larger section of 
the country with the necessaries of life 
than any other city of its size in the U. S. 
Capitalists of the country should make a 
note of this and invest in a place which 
is a solid commercial centre. With 40 
established wholesale houses, see pages 81- 
92, 117 and others, it covers a wide range 
of territory. 

The Kanawha valley invites all pros- 
pectors to examine into its merits and 
then come and dwell with us. Charles- 



ton's Chamber of Commerce will gladly 
answer all correspondence and lend a 
helping hand to any who desire to locate 
here. 

Charleston is a city of homes and liar, 
at least 200, from good to elegant resi- 
dences. Of these we have only illustrated 
15, while we had intended to show 50. 
There are more than 100 quite as worthy 
of space as those we have given. We 
could not, however, reach them all, and 
many were so hidden by foliage that it 
was difficult to get good views, and we 
have only given samples, from common 
to best, as it came to our convenience. 

Charleston has two plumbing shops that 
employ 25 hands, a lot of contractors em- 
ploying some hundreds more and other 
industries may have been skipped for lack 
of time and space. 



— 185 — 



INDEX. 



Attorneys, 108-9, 118-122. 

Architect, 130. 

Bakeries, 91, 116. 

Banks, 77-80, 130. 

Bottling works, 74. 

Branch Veneer Works, 69. 

Brick yards, 62, 72. 

Bridges, 13, 22-23. 

Capitol building, 2. 

Capitol annex, 39, 41. 

Capitol City Commercial College, 53. 

Charleston Geographical, 34, map at back. 

Charleston Chamber of Commerce, 4. 

Charleston city matters, 30-35. 

Charleston, Clendennin a,nd Sutton R. R., 

45-9. 
Charleston's future, 5, 133-4. 
Charleston views, 2-3, 11, 25, 31, 35, 54. 
Children's Home, 106-7. 
Churches, 16, 56, 92, 100, 127, 135. 
Civil engineers, 122. 
Clay Court House, 48. 
Clay Lumber Co., 47. 
Clendennin, 49. 

Coal mines, folder map at back. 
Coal, 12, 47, 128. 
Confectioners, 89, 91. 
Contractors and builders, 124-5. 
County buildings, 27-9. 
County Courts, 23. 
Devereux Lumber Company, 64. 
Diamond Ice and Coal Co., 62. 
Drugs, sundries, 84-5, 106, 117. 
Dry goods, notions, &c, 85, 111, 113. 
Early history, 7-8. 
Electrical supplies, 115. 
Flour and feed, 82,117,62, 114. 
Furniture, 65-6, 73-4, 90-91. 
Gas and Electric Co., 58-9. 
Geology of West Virginia, 10. 
Government building, &c, 37-8. 
Groceries, &c, 81-4, 116, 129-30. 
Hacks, livery, &c, 128, 130. 
Handle factory, 70. 
Hardware, &c, 86-89, 115. 
Historical, 6-8. 
Hides, &c, 91-2. ' ' ' : 



Hotels, 101-2. 

Hospitals, 107-8. 

Iron industries, 75-7, 133. 

Insurance, &c, 110, 124. 

Indian history, 7. 

Infirmary, 28-9. 

Jewelers, 117-18. 

Knight Lumber Co., 65. 

Laundry, 114. 

Livery, hacks, &c, 128, 130. 

Locks and dams, 14-17. 

Lumber mills, &c, 63-5, 68, 73. 

Manufacturing, 57. 

Meats, &c, 116. 

Millinery, 114. 

Movable dams, 14-17. 

Musical matters, 115-16. 

National Veneer Works, 69, 133. 

Newspapers and printing, 54-7. 

Nursery, seeds, &c, 125. 

Ohio Central Lines, 42-5. 

Opera House, 101. 

Physicians, 103-5. 

Photographers, 125. 

Petroleum, 117. 

Porter Sta., 67. 

Queen Shoals, 47, 109. 

Railroads, 41. 

Retail stores, 111-118. 

Salt interests, 10-11. 

Schools, 50-4. 

Singer Sewing Machine, 130. 

South Side Foundry & Machine Works, \ 

State officials, 38-41. 

Steamboats, 17-21. 

Surrounding views, 5, 6, 44, 45. 

Secret societies, 127, 130-2. 

Summary, 133-4. 

Tanners' and Dyers' Extract Co., 60-61. 

Telephones and telegraph, 128-9. 

Transfer station facilities, 14-17, 41-9. 

Undertaking, 129. 

Ward Engineering Works, 75. 

Water works, 57-8. 

West Virginia statistics, 9-11. 

Woolen mills, 59-60. 

Wholesale houses, 81-91, 114-17. 




National Veneer Works — See page 69. 



bers. J. A. Rust, Clerk; W. P. Calbreath. 
Treas. 

ROYAL TRIBE OF JOSEPH, Charles- 
ton, 1, was organized in 1896 and has 90 
members. It meets second and fourth 
Fridays at 264 Kanawha street. J. H. 
Holmes, W. P.; E. A. Palmer, Scribe; L. 
C. Gates, Treas. 

TYPOGRAPHICAL UNION, 146, of 



SIGNAL CORPS of W. Va., National 
Guard, was organized in '98. W. H. Pey- 
ton, Capt.; Wm. A. Hopper, First Lieut.; 
J. A. Harris, Second Lieut. 

SOUTH SIDE BAND was organized 
June, 1900, and has 17 of Conn's fine in- 
struments. A. C. Stalnaker, Pres.; O. H. 
Dewey, V. P.; Oscar Evans, Sec.-Treas. 

There are four brass bands here and 



Charleston, was reorganized Nov. 7, 1883, probably other societies that we have 
with 13 charter members. The present failed to get details from, 
officers are: J. R. Foster, Pres.; S. W. The city has the usual number of bar- 
Nichols, V. P.; J. J. Emerick, R. S.; W. P. bers, dressmakers and numerous other 
Campbell, C. S.; J. W. Jarrett, F. S.; A. small conveniences which go to make up 
D. Butts, Treas. It meets first Saturdays a city. 

at 39* capitoi street. Additions and Corrections, 

KANAWHA COUNCIL, 21, United Com- page 3g _ D> w _ Cunningham _ reail 



mercial Travelers of America, was reor- 
ganized in 1896 and has 123 members. It 
meets second Saturdays at 21* Capitol 
street. John Schneider, S. C; E. S. Witt, 
J. C; W. E. Connell, Sec.-Treas. 



serving third term; has also been for six 
years past on the examining board. 

Page 68— C. L. Ritter Co.— Read capital 
$100,000. 

Page 52 — Second column after the word 
COMPANY M, Sec. Reg. W. Va. Na- departments, add "the High School lot 

has been purchased, on Quarrier street 
above Broad, 136x250 feet, at a cost of 



tional Guards, was organized Aug. 5, 1898, 
and has 65 members. C. C. Rand, Capt ; 



Chas. A. Wood, First Lieut. ;L. Guy Levy. $8,600, and plans will be made to corn- 
Second Lieut. mence the building in 1902. 

— 133 — 



SUMMARY. 

All things must come to an end, and 
while the compiler does not claim the 
present effort to cover everything which 
might have been said about Charleston, 
we believe it may be said to be reason- 
ably complete and to fairly represent 
every interest. This pamphlet conslusive- 
ly shows that but few cities of the coun- 
try have better natural advantages for a 
great manufacturing centre than Charles- 
ton. (Read page 36.) Under its system 
of locks and dams the Great Kanawha 
river is navigable every day in the year, 
see pages 14-17, and our railroads are 
trunk lines, pages 41-9, excepting the C, 
C. and S., which will soon be completed 
to Sutton and open up direct communica- 
tion with the B. and O. north, west and 
east. The Chesapeake and Ohio has made 
definite plans to bridge the Kanawha 
river at this point and furnish additional 
facilities for handling freights. The 
Charleston Traction Co. is now securing 
right of way for extending the eleetric 
line to Maiden and other suburban 
points. With abundance of surrounding 
coal, pages 12-13, and an inexhaustible 
supply of natural gas, which is now being 
sold as low as 8 cents per 1,000 cubic 
feet for manufacturing purposes, and 
which may doubtless be further reduced 
with a stimulus in that direction, with 
coke and limestone easily available, there 
is every reason for predicting success to 
furnaces and structural steel plants in 
this vicinity. Wood-working industries 
have shown a marked success and there 
is still room for more, see pages 63-74. 
A number of miscellaneous lines are 
thriving, see pages 58-62, and with fire 
clay, glass sand, &c, there are many 
chances open for great industries here. 

The city has grown finely, see pages 
34-5, and the past year has proven that 
organized effort, through its Chamber of 
Commerce, has brought definite results 




in locating the National Veneer Works, 
inducing the C. and O. to bridge the Ka- 
nawha and various other matters of mo 
ment, but for the best success it is neces- 
sary that this interest increase, and in 
stead of 33 members, there should be at 
least 100 men, willing to pull together 
and foster every movement for the city'3 
general good. What Charleston most 
needs is numerous diversified factories. 
Sites can be readily secured, and there is 
abundance of idle capital to assist any 
legitimate enterprise with needed funds. 
Small factories will grow into larger ones, 
and it is these that make permanent 
cities. 

We have also another valuable adjunct 
and that is a fruit-growing soil. Along 
this valley apples, pears, peaches, plums, 
cherries, grapes, quinces, apricots, pecanc 
and peanuts may be raised, as well as all 
of the berries. This is shown by the 
State report on agriculture and has been 
proven by experiment, so that there are 
grand openings for fruit and stock rais- 



— 13+ — 



'. 



DETAILED MAP OF /fllE NEW RIVER AND KANAWH 

Most important are the coal interests concentrated along the line agency sc 

of the Chesapeake & Ohio Ry. in Kanawha and Fayette Counties, coal, no r 

W. Va.- As shown elsewhere in' this number the tonnage exceeds little or n 

that from any other district, and continues to increase at a most productio 

gratifying rate^Yet notwithstanding the importance of the district ducers be 

referred to. it must be conceded that comparatively little is known absence c 

regarding its gfogr^phy, by the distributing trade or the consumers terests ha 

who use such great quantities of the It certain 

coal. All the output, until very should tr< 

recently, was disposed of through one by the St 






It 



5 

i 




FIELDS OF WEST 

. . tCANAWHA RIVER, 

put was known simply as 
had for the individual prooji c. ft M. Co.,Plymouth.W.V«i 
ing given to the several -Smith C. & M. Co., Ray. City, 
rcumstances have resulted Jand Coal ft Iron Co. 
less unfamiliar to the gentughan ft Co., Graham Mines. 
is by the State authorities H'k Cannel Coal Co., Weir, 
prevent a wide distributio»lver Collieries. Columbus 
bough the State governmejbell^. Creek Coal Co Maiden. 

nterests more liberally. i¥» I ™ e $ 3 i 30 '' Marmet - 

below will be found excee^^.^ ^ Qq WinUrede> 

[Coal Co., Quincey. 
* pocking C. & C. Co., Peabody. 

inch Coal Co., Shrewsbury, 
x Mamond Coal Co., Diamond. 
^C Colliery Co., Ronda. 
is Coal Co., Acme, 
rove Mining Co., Cedar Grove, 
awha ft Hocking C. ft C. Co. 
Coal Mining Co., Crown Hill. 
Coal Co., Crown Hill, 
[ill Coal Co., Crown Hill, 
ft Hocking C. ft C. Co. 
j Splint Coal Co., Dego. 
t Creek Coal Co., Dego. 
Igomery Coal Co., Montgomery. 
ake Mining Co., Handler. 
>n Coal Co., Cannel ton. 
ver Bros. Co., Eagle, Fay. Co. 
rdon Co., Montgomery, W. Va 
ley Mining Co., Mont, W. Va. 
ohnson, Crescent, W. Va. 
j 'arver Bros. Co., Montgomery. 
«\ Clair Co., Eagle, 
in Coal Co., Eagle. 
I Colliery Co., Mt. Carboa. 
bon Co., Ltd., Powellton. 
wha. ft Hocking C. ft C. Co. 
Kan. C. Co., Ltd.,Mt Carbon, 
ft Hocking Coal ft Coke Co. 
ft C. Co., Boomer. 
C. ft C. Co. 
k C. ft C. Co., Eelva. 



ocation and Or 




3T3 



X o * 



/ 



t*altf*" 



^- 






DETAILED MAP OF .'HIE NEW RIVER AND KANAW1IA~ COAL - FIELDS OF WEST- VIRGINIA. 



nv other district, and continues to increase at a most production. > 

«fltl(vlT/r"te&Vet notwithstanding the importance of the district Sucers being more or less unfamiliar to the general reader and the 

wferre I to must be conceded that comparatively little is known absence of publications by the State au Untitles relative to thecoaHn- 

Jfranl I ■ its ceograpliy. by the distributing trade or the consumers terests have tended to prevent a wide distribution of such knowledge, 

regarding us geo b ^ y, o- ^ ^ ^ q „ ant i ties of the It certainlv seems us though the State government of West Virg nia 

coal. All the output, until very should treat the coal interests more liberally. Pending such action 

recently, was disposed of through one by the State the map below will be found exceedingly interesting. 






> 






APPROXIMATE LOCATION OF MINES BY No. 

Charleston is the center of one of the richest of the severargreat 
coal fields of West Virginia. The, field embraces three counties, 
Fayette. Kanawha and Putnam, the aggregate annual output of 
which is now over sis million tons. How stupendous has been the 
growth of this great natural industry is evident in the fact that the 
output from this section for the year lyoo is greater than was the 
output of the entire State in 18S0. 

Nature and human thrift have joined hands in making Charleston 
'an ideal distributing point for this great coal field. From the com- 
pletion, of the Chesapeake & Ohio Ry. which opened up the mining 
belt, the growth of the city has been steady. Three railroads and the 
most highly improved river in the South afford transportation facili- 
ities which are always taxed to their capacity. 



ss, ineluslvo, the i 



, v... th'o middlo i 
(.naxluston is situated on the north bank of the Great Kanawha ,u» Bituminous coals. Somo 

them are coking, but most 01 thon 

3hly Bit 
nstcadof the 
'small numoer of beds there 
[large number and they differ very 
greatly from point to poir ' 




KANAWHA RIVER. 

5. Plymouth C. & M. Co..Plymouth.W.Va 

6. Marmet-Snitth C. & M. Co.. Ray. City. 
.. Black Band Coal & Iron Co. 

a i ,.• V i ll ;8 nan * Co.. Graham Mines. 

o, •.!.?• Rk Cannel Coal Co., Wolr. 

»Vii. blk Riyer Collieries, Columbus. 
\t,, ', CaniPbell's Creek Coal Co., Maiden. 
l-Vis-lo 1-2. Marinet Co., Marniet. 

13. No. G Mining Co. 

14. 18. 19. Wlnirrede Coal Co., Winifred*. 
16. Qulnoey Coal Co., Qulneoy. 
Jii So ' £ Ho J k i"B P- & C. Co., Peabody. 
-0. Mile Branch Coal Co., Shrewsbury. 
SOtt. New Diamond Coal Co., Diamond. 
21. Coalburg Colliery Co., Ronda. 
23-24. Stevens Coal Co., Aonie. 
«' S^l Grove Mlnlu 8 Co., Cedar Grove. 
M-SOH. Kanawha ft Hooking C. & C. Co. 
31. Kanawha Coal Mining Co., Crown Hill 
33. Belmont Coal Co.. Crown Hill. 
S3. Crown Hill Coal Co., Crown Hill. 
St. Kanawha & Hocking C. ft C. Co 
34H- Sorauton Splint Coal Co., Dego 
34 3-4. Paint Creek Coal Co.. Dego. 
36, 37. Montgomery Coal Co., Montgomery. 
36. Chesapeake Mining Co., Hundley 

38. I'aunolton Coal Co., Oannalton. 

39. Tho Carver Bros. Co., Bogle, Fay. Co. 

40. Davis-Gordon Co., Montgomery W Vs 
«■ Coal Valloy Mining Co., Mont, W.'va. 
43. W. R. Johnson, Orescent. W. Va. 
1. i,V Tn * Carvor Bros. Co., Montgomery 
45. Tho St. Clair Co., Eagle. l *" mmI >- 
16. I'unnelton Coal Co., Eaglav 
47. Diamond Colliery Co., lit. Carbon. 
43. Mt. Carbon Co., Ltd., Powellton. 
49-60. Kanawha & Hooking C. 4 Co 
61-63. Great Kan. 0. Co., Ltd.,Mt Carbon 

63, Kanawha ft Hooking Coal ft Coke Co 

64. Boomer C. ft O. Co., Boomer 
64 1-2. Raven C. ft O. f}o, 
66. Bell Creek O. ft O. Co., Belva. 



■-Ell 

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cles 50 miles or more apart. 







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Map showing Charleston's Geographical Location and Circles 50 miles or more apart. 




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